supelec m2m - iot - update 2013 - part 2

From Machine-to-Machine (M2M)

Communicationsto

Internet of Things (IoT)

Introduction to M2M/IoT Market

Technology Roadmap& Standards

Thierry Lestable (MS’97, Ph.D’03)Technology & Innovation Manager, Sagemcom

Part 2/3

© Thierry Lestable, 20122

Disclaimer

• Besides Sagemcom SAS’, many 3rd party copyrighted material is reused within this brief tutorial under the ‘fair use ’ approach, for sake of educational purpose only , and very limited edition .

• As a consequence, the current slide set presentation usage is restricted, and is falling under usual copyright usage.

• Thanks for your understanding!

ToC – Part 1• Market• Internet of Things (IoT)

– RFID/QR codes/Augmented Reality/NFC– Governance rules

• Architecture• Capillary Networks & Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)

– KNX/ISA-100/W-HART/Bluetooth/Zigbee/ANT+/WiFi 11ac/ad/Direct

– IPSO/6LoWPAN/ROLL• Smart Home

– Z-wave/Wavenis– DLNA/UPnP– Management (BBF)

• WAN - LTE


ToC- Part 2• WiFi/Cellular Convergence• WiMAX – M2M• Smart Grids

– Use cases/Features/Overview– SGCG/M490– SMCG/M441– G3 PLC/PRIME– Governance

• Smart Vehicles (ITS)– DSRC/WAVE/802.11p– EC Mandate/ETSI/ITS-G5– Use cases/Features

• Cloud– Gaming– TV Connected

• Smart TVs• Thin Clients/Stream boxes• PVR

• Standardization & industry Alliances• Net neutrality• Conclusions & Perspectives

– French Market– Worldwide Forecast


Part 3 (Final slot)

Summary of Part 1

IoT – Commuting Time


ATAWADAC = Any Time Any Where Any Device Any Content


Smart CityWhat we are looking for….ultimately…

Whilst avoiding ‘Big Brother’ & maintaining ‘Privac y’…

Traffic Explosion & Social Networks / OTT

50%

901 million

500 Million Mobile users


Mobile traffic forecasts 2010-2020: Worlwide

•As a conclusion, total worldwide mobile traffic will reach more than 127 EB in 2020, representing an 33 times increase compared with 2010 figure .

Total mobile traffic (EB per year)

-

20.00

40.00

60.00

80.00

100.00

120.00

140.00

2010 2015 2020

Yea

rly tr

affic

in E

B Europe

Americas

Asia

Rest of the world

World

Source: IDATE

Total mobile traffic


Wireless M2M: 4 pillars


RFID Communication platform


Id Tag B2C scenario example


NFC: 3 operating modes

Universal Mobile Wallet


IoT – European Vision 2020


IoT, European Commission

• Need for Governance Actions– Privacy & protection of personnal Data– Trust, Acceptance & Security– Standardization

Internet of Things

Internet of Things for People


High Level (simplified) M2M Architecture

M2MGateway

ClientApplication

Operatorplatform

Capillary Network

Capillary Network & Wireless Sensors Network

(WSN)Key Technologies

From proprietary solutions towards IP smart objects…


Smart Digital Home


Home Network Convergence

Ethernet, WiFi, Home Plug , USB, G.Hn

IP V4 / V6UPnP IP V6

6LoWPAN / ZigBee

DECT, FXS, 3G/4GZigBee, CPL, MBUS, X10

DLNA

HGW

BROADBAND HOME NETWORK SENSOR NETWORK

QoS / Plug and Play / Easy install / Security

Set Top BoxScreenFemtocellVideo

SecurityAccessControl

Environment

SensorApplianceMeter

eHealthSensor

OSGITR69 TR69 / SNMP

Portable Applications

Quadruple Play Energy Managt, Home Control, eHealth

WAN – Cellular Systems

3GPP LTE & WiMAX


Vertical Markets in LTE


Wireless Broadband Systems mapping


Global Mobile Traffic

0.6 EB 1.3 EB

2.4 EB

4.2 EB

6.9 EB

10.8 EB

0.6 EB 1.3 EB

2.4 EB

4.2 EB

6.9 EB

10.8 EBExabytes (1018) per Month

70%


LTE subscribers Forecast (thousands)

By 2015, Around 379 Million LTE subscribers Worldwide

#1


LTE Ecosystem is maturing fast!

+ USB Dongles + Netbooks, etc…

Smart Phones

M-Tablets

DSL-Routers


LTE Devices Form Factor -2011

Oct. 2011


LTE Devices Form Factor - 2012

X3 increase in LTE devices in 1 year !Manufacturers grew +73% during same period!

151 LTE Smart Phones: X 5 in 1 year!LTE-enabled Tablets: more than doubled in 6 Months !

November 2012

1800MHz band Most popular now!Used in +37% networks deployed.

LTE Devices categories @1800MHz

42 networks deployed @1800MHz,22 more on-going Roll-outs

� Ecosystem is mature enough to providesuch profile

130 LTE User Devices @1800MHz

Phone

USB DongleRouter

Module


LTE Parallel evolution path to 3G

DL: 21Mbps (64QAM)DL: 28Mbps

[2x2 MIMO & 16QAM]

DC-HSPA + 64QAM2x2 MIMO & 64QAM


Main benefits from LTE


Main benefits from LTE

• Full Packet Switched (PS) � no MSC• no RNC• Self-Organizing Networks (SON)

• DL: 150Mbps / UL: 50Mbps (2x2 MIMO)• BW up to 20MHz• Default Bearer & QoS

• BW: 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20MHz• new Bands: 2.6GHz, 700/800 MHz (Digital Dividend)

• CSFB, SRVCC• Hotspot Offload

• Mobility up to 350Km/h• Latency < 5ms • QoS & IMS | ICIC

• GSMA (VoLTE), LSTI, NGMN, GCF, Femto Forum


LTE Rel.8/9: Bandwidth & Duplexing modes

And HALF-DUPLEX!!!

105 Networks launched in 48 Countries209 by end of 2013!

27,6 Million Subscribers


Worldwide Mobile Broadband SpectrumFDD: 2x35MHzFDD: 2x70MHz

TDD: 50MHz

21

1500

VerizonAT&TmetroPCS

AWS

NTT DoCoMo

TeliaSoneraVodafoneO2…

Refarming and Extensions are still to come…

7

2600

FDD Hong-Kong

China MobileGenius BrandCSL Ltd…

Digital Dividend

3

1800

Major TD-LTE Market(incl. India)

Fragmentation & Harmonization of Spectrum is a critical problem!


LTE Roll-out Worldwide Vs Spectrum Band fragmentation

Source:Huawei


TD-LTE is gaining momentum

TD-LTE is becoming a Technology of Highest interest for Operators & Vendors

Strong Ecosystem growing fast…


Global UMTS Subscriber Growth Forecast

HSPA+ will still play an active roleIn near future, both as migrationand complementary to LTE.

3G will keep playing a Key role In Future!

�� Multi-Radio chips (2G/3G/LTE)


3GPP LTE System architectureIMS: IP Multimedia SubsystemPCRF: Policy, Charging Resource FunctionUE: User EquipmentMME: Mobility Management EntityS-GW: Serving GatewayP-GW: Packet GatewayHSS: Home Subcriber ServerEPC: Evolved Packet CoreEPS: Evolved Packet System = EPC + E-UTRANE-UTRAN: Evolved UTRANPMIP: Proxy Mobile IP

DHCP

LTE – Rel.8

LTE Bearers

P-GWS-GW Peer

Entity

UE eNB

EPS Bearer

Radio Bearer S1 Bearer

End-to-end Service

External Bearer

Radio S5/S8

Internet

S1

E-UTRAN EPC

Gi

E-RAB S5/S8 Bearer

QoS parameters & QoS Class Id (QCI)

QCI Resource Type

Prior ity Packet Delay

Budget (NOTE 1)

Packet Error Loss

Rate (NOTE 2)

Example Services

1 (NOTE 3)

2 100 ms 10-2 Conversational Voice

2 (NOTE 3)

GBR

4 150 ms 10-3 Conversational Video (Live Streaming)

3 (NOTE 3)

3 50 ms 10-3 Real Time Gaming

4 (NOTE 3)

5 300 ms 10-6 Non-Conversational Video (Buffered Streaming)

5 (NOTE 3)

1 100 ms 10-6 IMS Signalling

6 (NOTE 4)

6

300 ms

10-6

Video (Buffered Streaming) TCP-based (e.g., www, e-mail, chat, ftp, p2p file sharing, progressive video, etc.)

7 (NOTE 3)

Non-GBR 7

100 ms

10-3

Voice, Video (Live Streaming) Interactive Gaming

8 (NOTE 5)

8

300 ms

10-6

Video (Buffered Streaming) TCP-based (e.g., www, e-mail, chat, ftp, p2p file

9 (NOTE 6)

9 sharing, progressive video, etc.)

Source: 3GPP TS23.303

VoLTE(IMS)

Video


VoLTE (GSMA IR.92) Timeline

« The need for 4G picocells and femtocells to enhance coverage and boost capacity if one of the important principles for Verizon’s LTE Network. »

Tony Melone – Verizon Wireless CTO – Sept. 2009

Early Adopters

2011: TRIALS

2012: COMMERCIAL

General Market

2011: CSFB

2012: TRIALS

2013: COMMERCIAL

craftrevolution

SRVCC

« The need for 4G picocells and femtocells to enhance coverage and boost capacity if one of the important principles for Verizon’s LTE Network. »

Tony Melone – Verizon Wireless CTO – Sept. 2009

42

Rich Communications Suite (RCS)

contacts chatFile Sharing Video share

43

Rich Communications Suite (RCS)

LTE Speed – Typical Measurements (1/2)

LTE Speed – Typical Measurements (2/2)

Verizon Wireless – LTE Coverage Map (July 2012)

~230 Markets200 Million POPs NOW! (2/3 coverage)

End of 2012: 400 Markets / 260 Million POPs

4G-LTE Verizon Innovation

Smart phones

Galaxy Tab

M-Tablets

Verizon JetPack

MiFi Dongles

551L Droid - Xyboard

July 2012

ATT Coverage map (Warning 4G = HSPA+)

~40 Markets150 Million POPs by end 2012National coverage by end 2013

AT&T

July 2012

Summer 2011

USB Dongle ‘Momentum 4G’ MiFi ‘Elevate 4G’

France

@800MHz@2,6GHz

Authorized to ask for Roaming @800MHz to SFRTrials in 2012

Marseille Lyon

Commercial Launch in 2013

N.B: deployment @800MHz expected to be slow due to frequency plan from ANFR + potential issues with Digital [email protected], still issues with some RADARs

Video RequirementsVs

Device types & resolutions

LTE (Rel.8) Terminal Categories: Reminder

Most popular/available

Video Requirements – Baseline targets Vs Device types (1/2)

Source: Motorola

Video Requirements – Baseline targets Vs Device types (2/2)

Source: Santa-Clara Univ.

LTE Video – Number of Video Streams Per sector (estimate)

Source: Motorola

Cat.4 TerminalDL: 150MbpsUL: 50Mbps

56

Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH)

3GPP Rel.10 (LTE-Advanced) & Beyond

Other HTTP-based Adaptive Streaming solutions

MicrosoftSilverlight Smooth Streaming(MSS)

AdobeHTTP Dynamic Streaming(HDS)

AppleHTTPLiveStreaming(HLS)

Adaptive Streaming Flow


Video Encoder Technology Evolution

Video Coding Standardization -Timeline

HEVC (H265) Gain ~ 40% over H264� 3GPP Rel.12 (March 2014)

� Available for Smartphones & Tablets in 2013 (no TV!)

LTE steps into Heterogeneous Networks

HetNets


Network of Networks, Internet of Things (IoT)

Presented by Interdigital: Globecom’11 – IWM2M, Houston


How to solve the Capacity crunch?

• Capacity crunch is experienced due to following major factors:– Increased data consumption from Smartphone device

applications– Signaling traffic overhead genereted by Smartphones

• Unoptimized applications � too frequent and useless polling– Flat rate service plans

– � situation can be critical for some operators.

– � Need for flexible solutions = Sandbox !!

HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKS is the solution = HetNets


Residential Macro Data Offload

Offload via WiFi and/or Femtocell

On average, more than 70% of traffic can still be Offloaded !


Offload Forecast


HetNets & Small Cells (LTE)


Femtocell ecosystem: 66 Operators (1.99billion subscribers, 34%)


Femtocell ecosystem: 69 Technology

Providers

The ecosystem is now mature enough4th IOT Plugfest in February 2012


Femtocell market status

36 Commercial Deployments in 23 countries,15 Roll-out commitments in 2012


Femtocells Markets

Source: Informa Telecoms & Media

Femtocells Competitive Markets

Femtocells AP Forecast - 2014


S1

S1

X2

X2 S

1 S1

S1

S1

LTE Femto: HeNB

3GPP Rel.10


LTE Femtocell: Home eNode B (HeNB) �3 Options!


LTE Femtocell: Home eNode B (HeNB) �3 Options!

[1] [2]

[3]


HeNB OAM process (Mgt System)


Residential Macro Data Offload

Offload via WiFi and/or Femtocell

On average, more than 70% of traffic can still be Offloaded !


Key FindingsGlobal Femtocell Survey

• Main driver for femtocells is in-building voice coverage – and is main driver for consumer rating of mobile operatorVoice coverage

• Voice service improvement alone could prevent 42% of consumers switching operator in the next 12 monthsChurn Reduction

• 83% of heavy Wi-Fi phone users find femtocells very/extremely appealing

Wi-Fi complementary

• 68% of femtocell fans found at least one advanced femtocell service very/extremely appealing

Added-value services

LTE Self-Organizing Networks (SON)


LTE Self-Organizing Network (SON) features

S1/X2 configuration


SON progress status w.r.t 3GPP Releases 8, 9, and 10


Support for Self-Configuration & Self-Optimization

• Self-Configuration Process– Basic Set-up– Automatic Registration of

nodes in the system– Initial Radio Configuration

• Self-Optimization Process– Ue & eNB measurements

and performance measurements are used to auto-tune the network

LTE-Advanced


LTE-Advanced (Rel.10) and Beyond (Rel.11)

Rel.11


LTE-Advanced: System Performance Requirements

� Support of Wider Bandwidth� Carrier Aggregation up to 100MHz

� MIMO Techniques extension� DL: up to 8 layers� UL: up to 4 layers

� Coordinated Multiple Point (CoMP)(Rel.11)

� Relaying� L1 & L3 relaying Uu

UnUu

Un

LTE-AdvancedArchitecture & Services

Enhancements• LIPA

• SIPTO• IFOM• Relaying• MTC (M2M)


LTE-Advanced: Local IP Access (LIPA)


LIPA solution for HeNB using Local PDN Connection

L - GW S10

E-UTRA UE

S1-MME S11

E- UTRA-Uu

S1-U S5 HeNB SGW

MME

E-UTRAN network elements EPC network elements

Local IP access network elements

LIPA

Other IMS

Internet Etc. SGi

Gx

Rx

PDN GW

PCRF

Packet data network (e.g. Internet, Intranet, intra-operator IMS provisioning)

L-S5


LTE-Advanced: Selected IP Traffic Offload (SIPTO)

S5

RAN L-PGW

UE

eNB

CN

P-GW S-GW

CN Traffic

MME

S1-U S11 S5

SIPTO Traffic


LTE-Advanced: IP Flow Mobility and Seamless Offload (IFOM)

• IP Flow Mobility and Seamless Offload (IFOM) is used to carry (simultaneously) some of UE’s traffic over WIFI to offload Femto Access!

IETF RFC-5555, DSMIPv6


LTE-Advanced: Relaying and its potential gain

Uu

Un


LTE-Advanced: Relay support

eNB

MME / S-GW MME / S-GW

DeNB

RN

S1

S1

X2

X2

E-UTRAN

S1

S11

Un


Machine-Type Communications (MTC) in 3GPP


MTC Scenarios

• MTC Device � MTC server • MTC Device <--> MTC Device (No Server in between!)

APIOperator domain

APIMTC Server

MTC User

MTC Device

MTC Device

MTC Device

MTC Device

Operator domain

MTC Device

MTC Device

MTC Device

MTC Device

MTC Server/ MTC User

MTC Device

MTC Device

MTC Device

MTC Device

Operator domain A Operator domain BMTC

DeviceMTC

DeviceMTC

DeviceMTC

Device

Still Not Considered in Rel.10!!


3GPP MTC (High Level) Architecture

3GPP bearer services / SMS / IMS

MTC Server

MTC Server

MTCi

MTCsms

3GPP PLMN - MTC Server IWK Function

MTCu MTC Device

MTCu: It provides MTC Devices access to 3GPP network for the transport of user plane and control plane traffic. MTCu interface could be based on Uu, Um, Ww and LTE-Uu interface.

MTCi: It is the reference point that MTC Server uses to connect the 3GPP network and thus communicates with MTC Device via 3GPP bearer services/IMS. MTCi could be based on Gi, Sgi, and Wi interface.

MTCsms: It is the reference point MTC Server uses to connect the 3GPP network and thus communicates with MTC Device via 3GPP SMS.


3GPP MTC: Service Requirements

• Common Service REQ– Device Triggering– Addressing

– Identifiers– Charging – Security – Remote Device Management

• Specific Service REQ (Features)– Low Mobility– Time Controlled– Time Tolerant– PS only– Small data Trx– Mobile originated only– Infrequent mobile Terminated– Monitoring– Priority alarm– Secure Connection– Location Specific Trigger– NW provided destination for UL

data– Infrequent Trx– Group based features

Public Address Space Private Address Space

MTC Device

MNO MTC Server


3GPP MTC: Service REQ

MTC Common Service REQ Details

Device Triggering MTC Device shall be able to receive trigger indications from the network and shall establish communication with the MTC Server when receiving the trigger indication. Possible options may include:

-Receiving trigger indication when the MTC Device is offline.

-Receiving trigger indication when the MTC Device is online, but has no data connection established.

-Receiving trigger indication when the MTC Device is online and has a data connection established

Addressing MTC Server in a public address space can successfully send a mobile terminated message to the MTC Device inside a private IP address space

Identifiers uniquely identify the ME, the MTC subscriber. Manage numbers & identifiers. Unique Group Id.

Charging Charging per MTC Device or MTC Group.

Security MTC optimizations shall not degrade security compared to non-MTC communications

Remote MTC Device Management

The management of MTC Devices should be provided by existing mechanisms (e.g. OMA DM, TR-069)


3GPP MTC: FeaturesMTC Feature Details

Low Mobility MNO change 1) Frequency of Mobility Mgt procedures, or per device, 2) Location updates performed by MTC device

Time Controlled MTC Applications that can tolerate to send or receive data only during defined time intervals and avoid unnecessary signalling outside these defined time intervals. Different charging can apply.

Time Tolerant MTC Devices that can delay their data transfer. The purpose of this functionality is to allow the network operator to prevent MTC Devices that are Time Tolerant from accessing the network (e.g. in case of radio access network overload)

Packet Switched (PS) only network operator shall be able to provide PS only subscriptions with or without assigning an MSISDN

Small Data Trx The system shall support transmissions of small amounts of data with minimal network impact (e.g. signalling overhead, network resources, delay for reallocation)

Mobile originated only Reduce Frequency of Mobility Management Procedures (Signalling)

Infrequent Mobile Terminated MTC Device: mainly mobile originated communications � Reduce Mobility Management Signalling

MTC Monitoring Detect unexpected behaviour, changes, and loss of connectivity (configurable by user) � Warning to MTC server (other actions configurable by user)

Priority Alarm Theft, vandalism, tampering � Precedence over aby other MTC feature (MAX priority!)

Secure Connection Secure connection between MTC Device and MTC server even during Roaming.

Location Specific Trigger initiate a trigger to the MTC Devices based on area information provided to the network operator

Network Provided Destination for Uplink Data

MTC Applications that require all data from an MTC Device to be directed to a network provided destination IP address.

Infrequent Transmission The network shall establish resource only when transmission occurs

Group Based (GB) MTC features

1 MTC device associated to 1 single MTC group. Combined QoS policy (GB policing): A maximum bit rate for the data that is sent/received by a MTC Group shall be enforced

GB addressing: mechanism to send a broadcast message to a MTC Group, e.g. to wake up the MTC Devices that are members of that MTC Group


M2M European R&D Innovation: FP7 EXALTED

• EXpAnding LTE for Devices


NGMN – LTE Backhaul

IPSec +14%

LTE Small Cells Deployment will change Rules for Backhaul Provisioning �Need for more Research

�Architecture / PHY / Synchronization (e.g. PTP (1588), SyncE, Hybrid…)

X2 ~ [ 4 - 10%] S1

Traffic Volume:

Source: Ericsson

GTP/MIP overhead ~10%

Source: Ericsson


TVWS for Backhaul


LTE in TVWS


LTE Royalty Level: Need for Patent Pool facilitation?

© 2011 Sisvel (www.sisvel.com)

14.8%14.8%

LTE/SAE Declarations to ETSI by PO4076 declarations (March 2011)

Critical constraintfor Femtocells

is COST EFFICIENCY!!


LTE & 4G patents

6000+ patents

$4.5 billion

$2.6 billion

$770 Million$340 Million

$12.5 billion

24000+ patents

WHO’s NEXT?…

Risk to ‘Kill’ the Business…Especially in Vertical Markets!


Verizon LTE Innovation Center

Office in the Box Connected Home (incl. eHealth)

Bicycle LiveEdge.TV

LTE Connected Car

WiFi – CellularConvergence


Fixed/Mobile Convergence

It’s Mandatory to propose integrated ArchitecturesTaking advantage of Wireless/Wired systems(e.g. 3G, LTE, WiFi, WiGig, DAS, RoF, PLC…)

Source: BT Wholesale


WBA – Roadmap

Small intelligent Cross-Cell (SiXC)™


Hotspot 2.0 (HS2.0) - NGH

Source: Cisco

Enhancing WiFi to be more ‘Cellular’

WiMAX –M2M & Smart Grids

IEEE 802.16p, 802.16n


WiMAX community turns to M2M

• IEEE 802.16p– Machine-to-Machine (M2M)– Approved: Sept. 2010– Expiration: Dec. 2014

• URL: http://ieee802.org/16/m2m/index.html

• IEEE 802.16n (GRIDMAN)– Smart Grids – Emergency, Public Safety!!

• Misleading title, stands for:– Greater Reliability In

Disrupted Metroplotian Area NW

– Approved: June 2010– Expiration: Dec. 2014

• URL: http://wirelessman.org/gridman/index.html


WiMAX based M2M Architecture

Classical WiMAX NW


WiMAX M2M: Requirements & Features

• Extremely Low Power Consumption• High Reliability• Enhanced Access Priority

– Alarms, Emergency calls etc…(Health, Public safety, Surveillance…)• Extremely Large Numbers of Devices• Addressing• Group Control• Security• Small burst transmission• Low/no mobility• Time Controlled Operation (pre-defined scheduling)• Time Tolerant operations• One-Way Data traffic• Extremely Low Latency (e.g. Emergency..)• Extremely Long Range Access• Infrequent traffic

Looks quite similar to 3GPP MTC…


WiMAX M2M: Potential impactsM2M Requirements &

FeaturesPotential Directions with impacts on Standard

Low Power Consumption Idle/Sleep modes, Power savings in active mode. Link Adaptation, UL Power Ctrl, Ctrl Signalling, Device Cooperation.

High Reliability Link Adaptation protocol with very robust MCS. Enhanced Interference Mitigation procedures. Device Collaboration with redundant and/or alternate paths (e.g. diversity)

Enhanced Access priority BW request protocol, NW entry/re-entry, ARQ/HARQ, frame structure

Transmission attemps Large Numbers of Devices

Link Adaptation, ARQ/HARQ, frame structure, Ctrl signalling, NW entry/re-entry

Group Control Group ID location, Ctrl signalling, paging, Sleep mode initiation, multi-cast operation, BW request/allocation, connection Mgt protocols

Small burst transmission New QoS profiles, burst Mgt, SMS transmission mechanism, BW request/allocation protocols, Channel Coding, frame structure. Low-overhead Ctrl signaling for Small Data. Smaller resource unit!

Low/no mobility Mobility Mgt protocol. Signaling w.r.t Handover preparation & execution migt be turned off. Idle mode. Measurements/feedback protocls, pilot structure.

Extremely Long Range access Low & roust modulation schemes, higher power transmission

Infrequent traffic Simplifications to Sleep/idle mode protocol

Keeping in Mind BACKWARD compatibility

Smart Grids

© Thierry Lestable, 2012 113

SMART GRIDS


Smart Grid overview


Smart Energy Management


Smart Grids: IT transport Tech


Smart Grid in Brief…


Grids meet Telcos

Smart Grid plane


Source: SGCG/M490/Oct.2012

Smart Grid Mapping


Source: SGCG/M490/Oct.2012


Smart Grid Value Chain: Actors & Roles

TSO: Transmission System OperatorGenCo : Generation ConmpanyDSO: Distribution System OperatorVPP: Virtual Power PlantDG: Dispersed Generation


Smart Grid: Functional Split


EU Vs US Smart Grid StrategyEU

Background: a fragmented electricity marketDeregulation of electricity in some EC statesVision:

Start with a smart metering infrastructure then extend to a smart grid network

US Background: an aging power gridVision:

Smart meters and AMI are part of the toolbox that allows to build a smart grid infrastructure

Need for a global (architecture) approach and for regional implementationETSI, as a global and EU based ICT standards organization, is ideally placed

Remote MeterManagement

Smart Metering

Smart Home

ConsumptionAwareness

DemandResponse

Smart Grids

SmartGrids

AMI DistributionGrid

management

ElectricalTranspor

tation

Wide AreaSituationalAwareness

…

AMI: Advanced Metering Infrastructure


Smart Grid Value chain


Automated Meter Management (AMM)/Smart Meter benefits

Demand Side Demand Side Demand Side Demand Side Management and Management and Management and Management and reduction of COreduction of COreduction of COreduction of CO2222::::

�Reduction of peak load by consumers information

�Easier connection for distributed generation Soft shedding systems

�Better network observability�Demand side management

and better fraud detection in small isolated system will limit tariff compensation

Automated Meter Management:

�Data storage�Events storage�Remotely managed

Automated Meter Management:

�Data storage�Events storage�Remotely managed

WellWellWellWell----functioning functioning functioning functioning internal Market:internal Market:internal Market:internal Market:

�Better consumers information

�Better frequency and quality of billing data

�Assist the participation of consumers in the electricity supply market

�Easier access to data (IS or TIC)

�Reduction of cost and delay of interventions

Reduction of operatingReduction of operatingReduction of operatingReduction of operatingsystem costs:system costs:system costs:system costs:

�Reduction of reading and interventions costs

�Reduction of “non technical losses”

�Reduction of treatment of billing claim

�Easier quality of supply management

�No need of user presence to do simple operations


Smart Meters Market (USA)


European Commission: Mandate M441 / Smart Meter

« The General objective of this mandate is to create European standards that will enable interoperability of utility meters

(water, gas, electricity, heat ), which can then improve the means by which Customers’ awareness of actual consumption can be raised

in order to allow timely adaptation to their demands(commonly referred to as ‘smart metering ’) »


European Commission: Mandate M441 / Smart Meter


Electricity Meters: French status

33 millions meters, ¾ electromechanicalOnly 7.5 millions meters of ERDF (French main DSO) are electronic.

Little or no communicating :� Each demand of cut, reactivation, tariff or power subscribed

modification needs a DSO intervention,� Only electronic meters have a “TIC” port transmitting metering

info.At most two reading a year

Biannual reading by an operator needs, in 50% cases, user to be at home.

Suppliers offers limited by access tariff structureSuppliers can’t have their own peak, peak-off,…

‘Blue’ MeterMulti-index

electromechanical MeterElectronic Meter

16.5 Million meters

9 Million meters

7.5 Million meters LinkyAMM


Linky high level architecture & service

AMM limit

open

pr

otoc

ol

PLC

GPRS DSO

Suppliers

Dry C.new TIC

Users

Euridis port interoperabilityinteroperability

35M meters

700k concentrators

AMM limit

open

pr

otoc

ol

PLC

GPRS DSO

Suppliers

Dry C.new TIC

Users

Euridis port interoperabilityinteroperability interoperabilityinteroperabilityinteroperability

35M meters

700k concentrators


Smart Metering (High level) architecture

Smart Elec.Smart

Water

Appliances

Temperature

Light

Wind Turbine

Solar Panel

Smart

Gas

Meters Coms

Home displays

TV, Computer

In-Home

Energy

Display

Breaker Valves

Gateway

Data Center

Wan

Communication


To Smart Building

Front-endcommunication

server

Applicationserver

Energy operator

SAGEMCommunications

EnergyCollectionUnit

EnergyboxesLoad

management

AMR

Micro-generation

Local Display

From Smart Home

www WAN: Wifi Ethernet GPRS

ENERGY GATEWAY

WAN: Wifi Ethernet GPRS

LAN LAN

Real Time !


Smart Metering: Deployment illustration

Communication Networks Mapping


Communication Technologies Mapping



G3 PLC (OFDM)

Tone notching for S-FSK compatibility

30 kHz 90 kHz

Tone notching for S-FSK compatibility

30 kHz 90 kHz

G3

OFDM System on CENELEC band A

PHY DetailsFEC: Reed-Solomon (RS) + CC(+Repetition code for robust mode)Modulation: DBPSK, DQPSK, (D8PSK)Link AdaptationCP-OFDMNfft = 256

~34Kbps

Extension of initial G3 PLC is now availableTo cover higher CENELEC bands:B/C/BC/D/BCD/BD : [98.4 – 146.8] KHz

IETF 6LoWPAN / LOAD RoutingMAC: IEEE 802.15.4PHY: G3 PLC (OFDM)

Co-existence

G1 G3•Transformer MV/LV traversal•Repeater capability


Need for Trust, Privacy & SecurityCustomer behaviour (privacy) can be easily Identified, classified, and exploited commercially

� intrusive.


Connected Home – Connected Living

Smart Vehicular environments

From Connected Car To

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)


Smart Car connectivity


Smart Car: Entertainment


Smart Car: Entertainment

LTE radio

Kids VoD Music & VideoStreamingNews, social Net

Videos, music, sport OS, touchscreen user interfaceMedia players…


Urban Transit: smart Travel Station


ITS overview


Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)Security & Safety• Stolen vehicle tracking• eCall Services• Roadside AssistanceThis market is expected to grow significantly thanks to country specific regulation : in US with E911 & E912 directives (“GM Onstar” standard launched in the Americas by GM and ChevyStar), in Brazil with tracking device required in all new cars from mid2009; in Europe with eCall from 2011: from 6M OBU in 2012 to 9M in 2013 (Movea).

Insurance • Monitor leased & mortgaged vehicles• Pay as you drive solutions with Crown Telecom 24Horas in Brazil (VW), other in France & Italy.

Road Charge• DSRC Module• GPS Tolling capabilitiesThis market is expected to grow significantly thanks to environmental policies in developed countries (Toll Collect in Germany, Czech Rep, Kilometre Price in NL, Ecotaxe in France) and to efficient toll collect programs in emerging countries.

Navigation & Driver Services• Dynamic Traffic Information• Route Calculation• Real-time AlertsVery fragmented market.

Interests in automotive market


Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC)Feature Europe Japan

Frequency Band 5.8GHz 915 MHz 5.9GHz 5.8GHzMax Throughput

(Mbps)DL: 0.5 UL: 0.25

0.5 27DL/UL: 1

to 4

Standard CEN

ARIB STD

T75 & T88

IEEE 802.11p/1609

North America

CEN DSRC norms Year TopicEN 12253 2004 L1 - PHY @ 5.8GHzEN 12795 2003 L2 - Data Link Layer (DLL)EN 12834 2003 L7 - Application LayerEN 13372 2004 DSRC profiles for RTTT

EN ISO 14906 2004 Electronic Fee Collection

CEN DSRC is not sufficient for V2V and V2I communications!


WAVE, DSRC & IEEE 802.11p

• WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments)– Mode of operation used by IEEE 802.11 devices to

operate in the DSRC band• DSRC (Dedicated Short Range

Communications)– ASTM Standard E2213-03, based on IEEE 802.11a– Name of the 5.9GHz band allocated for the ITS

communications• IEEE 802.11p

– Based on ASTM Standard E2213-03• DSRC Devices


WAVE, DSRC protocol Stack


WAVE: Key components

• IEEE 1609– P1609.1: Resource Manager– P1609.2: Security Services for Applications &

Mgt Msgs– P1609.3: Networking Services– P1609.4: Multi-Channel Operations


DSRC

• New DSRC (based on 802.11a)OLD NEW

North America


DSRC: Performance EnveloppeNorth America


European Commission Mandate


European Commission Mandate• Legal Environment

• Standard Environment


ETSI ITS: Roadmap 2009-2011


New European Allocation & PHY: ITS-G5Frequency

rangeUsage Regulation Harmonized

standard5 905 MHz to 5 925 MHz

Future ITS applications

ECC Decision [i.9]

ECC Decision [i.9],Commission Decision [i.13]

5 855 MHz to 5 875 MHz

ITS non-safety applications

ECC Recommendation [i.7]

ERC Decision [i.8]Commission Decisions [i.11] and [i.12]

EN 302 571 [1]

5 875 MHz to 5 905 MHz

ITS road safety

5 470 MHz to 5 725 MHz

RLAN (BRAN, WLAN)

EN 301 893 [2]Channel type Centre

frequencyChannel spacing

Default data rate

TX power limit

TX power density limit

G5CC 5 900 MHz 10 MHz 6 Mbit/s 33 dBm EIRP 23 dBm/MHz

G5SC2 5 890 MHz 10 MHz 12 Mbit/s 23 dBm EIRP 13 dBm/MHz



G5SC4 5 860 MHz 10 MHz 6 Mbit/s 0 dBm EIRP -10 dBm/MHz30 dBm EIRP (DFS master)

17 dBm/MHz

23 dBm EIRP (DFS slave)

10 dBm/MHz

dependent on channel spacing

G5SC5 As required in [2] for the

band 5 470 MHz to

5 725 MHz

several

The physical layer of ITS-G5 shall be compliant wit h the profile of IEEE 802.11 –

orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) P HY specification for the 5 GHz band


V2V and V2R Communications

• Typical V2V applications– Accidents– Congestions– Blind spot warning– Lane change

• Typical V2R applications– Road Works areas– Speed limits– intersections

V2V: Vehicle-to-VehicleV2R: Vehicle-to-Roadside (infrastructure)


ITS: Road Transport / Safety

• R2V communications– Roadside equipment sends warning messages– On board equipment receives these messages– Driver is made aware well in advance and has more time to react– Examples

• Road works areas, speed limits, dangerous curves, intersections


ITS: Road Transport / Safety

• V2V communications– Dedicated vehicles send warning messages to other road users– On board equipment receives these messages– Driver is made aware of such events and can react accordingly– Examples

• Emergency services, traffic checks, dragnet controls


ETSI ITS: Automotive Radar• Anti-Collision radar

– blind spot warning, lane change, obstacles, parking– EN 302 288 (24 GHz), EN 302 264 (79 GHz)

• Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)– define desired interval and maximum speed to follow traffic– vehicle sets corresponding speed automatically– increase of traffic fluidity, decrease of emissions and fuel

consumption– EN 301 091 (77 GHz)


ETSI ITS: Electronic Fee Collection• Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC)

– 5,8 GHz frequency band mostly used– Base Standards elaborated by CEN

• EN 12795, EN 12834, EN 13372– Specifications for Conformance Testing elaborated by ETSI

• TS 102 486 standards family

• An envisaged component of the European Electronic Toll Service (EETS)

• Alternative deployments possible, e.g.– fees for ferries and tunnels– parking fees

• Unique ID required– service provider approach


ETSI ITS: Road Transport Traffic Management

• Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT)– Navigation– Traffic conditions

• avoiding congestions• finding alternative routes

– Road conditions• ice warnings• floods

• Real Time Traffic Information (RTTI)– RDS-TMC (Traffic Management Channel) for FM broadcast– Transport Protocol Experts Group (TPEG) for DAB/DMB/DVB

• Future complementary deployments– Vehicle-to-vehicle communications

• e.g. congestion messages delivered to broadcasters– Roadside-to-vehicle communications

• e.g. ice sensors on bridges


Railways & aeronautics

• Railways– European Rail Traffic

Management System (ERTMS)

• GSM-R• European Train Control

System (ETCS)

– GSM-R• Dedicated &

harmonized frequency band for Railways

• Air-to-Air & Air-to-Ground communications & Navigation Systems

• Single European Sky– Moving Air Traffic Ctrl

Regulation to the European Level

• GSM & RLAN onboard– LBS– Passenger information

supelec m2m - iot - update 2013 - part 2

Technology

thierry lestable ms97

content6 thierry lestable

pillars10 thierry lestable

idate9 thierry lestable

smart tvs

smart city

total mobile traffic

mobile traffic forecasts