superconducting undulator update part 1: current … · 3/23/2016 · design (in the collaboration...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
WE START WITH YES.
SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE
PART 1:
CURRENT STATUS, FUTURE PLANS
Joel FuerstMagnetic Devices Group
for the SCU Team:
PRESENTER NAME
E. Gluskin1, Y. Ivanyushenkov1, S. Bettenhausen1, C. Doose1, M. Kasa1, Q. Hasse1, R. Hibbard2, I. Kesgin3, D. Jensen2, S. Kim1, G. Pile2, D. Skiadopoulos2, E. Trakhtenberg2, Y. Shiroyanagi1, M. White2
1ASD 2AES 3MSD
ASD Seminar23 March 2016
![Page 2: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
APS SCU HISTORY & NEAR-TERM PLANS
Two SCUs presently installed in the APS SR SCU0 to be upgraded with a copy of SCU1 (aka “SCU18-2”) Fall 2016 1.2-meter Helical SCU to be installed in Sector 7 Fall 2018
2
SCU0 installed in APS Sector 6 DEC 2012 (0.3-m magnetic length)
SCU1 installed in APS Sector 1APR 2015 (1.1-m magnetic length)
![Page 3: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
SCU DEVELOPMENT TIMELINE
3
Activity YearsA proposal of the helical SCU for the LCLS 1999Development of the APS SCU concept 2000-2002R&D on SCU in collaborations with LBNL and NHFML
2002-2008
R&D on SCU0 in collaborations with FNAL and UW-Madison
2008-2009
Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0
2009-2012
SCU0 installed into the APS storage ring December 2012SCU0 is in routine user operation Since February 2013SCU1 installed into the APS storage ring and is in user operation
April 2015
FEL/LCLS 1.5-m long prototype designed, built and successfully tested
October 2015
![Page 4: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
SCU OPERATIONAL STATISTICS(courtesy K. Harkay)
4
Calendaryear
APS delivered
SCU0 operating
SCU0 down
SCU1 operating
SCU1 down
2013 4872 h 4169 h 20 h2014 4927 h 4410 h 193 h [1]2015 4941 h 4759 h 0 h 2984 h [2] 1 hTotal 14740 h 13338 h 213 h 2984 h 1 h
Total number of SCU0 self-quenches is 5. E-beam has never been lost due to quenches.
[1] November: Partial loss of one cryocooler capacity[2] Installed in May; operated May – December 2015
![Page 5: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
3 YEARS AGO (03MAR2013) A SEMINAR ON SCU0 CRYO PERFORMANCE CONCLUDED THUS:
ROOM TO IMPROVE
• Add visible cold mass fiducials for external alignment check while cold
• Consider abandoning the recondenser bulb in favor of direct attachment to the LHe reservoir exterior for both 4 K coolers to improve 4 K capacity
• Explore optimization of refrigeration levels – consider abandoning “20 K” thermal shield to save cost and improve overall capacity
• Consider reducing LHe reservoir volume (but maintain interior surface area for efficient recondensation…) to reduce cryostat size
• Optimize current lead design to reduce heat load
• Improve subsystem designs to enable highest possible magnet current (since this seems to be what users want)
• 1+ meter magnets
• Cryogen-free (“dry”) magnets?
![Page 6: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
3 YEARS AGO (03MAR2013) A SEMINAR ON SCU0 CRYO PERFORMANCE CONCLUDED THUS:
6
ROOM TO IMPROVE
• Add visible cold mass fiducials for external alignment check while cold
• Consider abandoning the recondenser bulb in favor of direct attachment to the LHe reservoir exterior for both 4 K coolers to improve 4 K capacity
• Explore optimization of refrigeration levels – consider abandoning “20 K” thermal shield to save cost and improve overall capacity
• Consider reducing LHe reservoir volume (but maintain interior surface area for efficient recondensation…) to reduce cryostat size
• Optimize current lead design to reduce heat load
• Improve subsystem designs to enable highest possible magnet current (since this seems to be what users want)
• 1+ meter magnets
• Cryogen-free (“dry”) magnets?
![Page 7: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
CRYOSTAT DESIGN:BUDKER INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS
7
Proven cryostat design, suitable for magnets up to 1.5 meters long
SCU0 (0.3m)
FEL SCU R&D (1.5m)
![Page 8: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
CRYOGENIC SYSTEM DESIGN
8
Closed cycle (zero boil-off) liquid helium bath-cooled magnets with cryocooler-based recondensation. Excess 4 K capacity is about 0.5 W for FEL-SCU R&D. Helium bath pressure/temperature is regulated using a heater. Beam chamber is cooled at a higher temperature level due to high beam-induced
heat loads (up to 20 W) in storage ring applications. Numerical simulations verify existing design and guide recent effort.
![Page 9: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
VENDOR-SUPPLIED HARDWARE
9
• Vacuum vessel, thermal radiation shields, and liquid helium tank are built-to-print following a detailed SOW.
• To date, three units have been ordered from two separate vendors.• Cold mass components (magnets, piping, beam chamber, support
frame, etc.) are separately sourced or fabricated in-house.• Final design/detailing can be outsourced to the fabricator
![Page 10: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
BASIC MAGNET-BEAM CHAMBER LAYOUT
10
FEL R&D magnet shown
magnets
magnetsupport
thermal transition intercept
beam chamber
Magnet gap separators
Beam chamber thermal bus
![Page 11: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
MAGNET FABRICATION DEVELOPMENT:FROM 300 mm TO 1500 mm
11
• Techniques and tooling scale to “full-length” magnets
• Precision core machining
• Winding/potting
![Page 12: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ALIGNMENT IMPROVEMENTS
12
• Improved gap control using revised spacers and outboard clamps
• Inboard support(s) permit adjustment of magnet “sag” to improve centerline trajectory
![Page 13: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
TYPICAL COLD MASS ASSEMBLY
13
• The liquid helium tank is mounted and connecting pipes between tank & magnets are routed.
• Current leads, voltage taps, temperature sensors etc are added.
![Page 14: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
TYPICAL FINAL ASSEMBLY (1)
14• Wiring checkout & end loading
![Page 15: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
FINAL ASSEMBLY (2), MAGNETIC MEASUREMENT
15
• Final electrical connections are made between the cold mass and the current lead/cryocooler turrets.
• Vacuum vessel turret and end covers are installed.• Cryostat is moved to the measurement bench and
aligned.
![Page 16: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
FEL R&D: NB3Sn MAGNET FROM LBNL
16
• Magnet envelope is similar to NbTi version.
• Additional tuning and cooling features need to be accommodated.
• Alignment between beam chamber and magnet is critical.
![Page 17: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
CRYOGENIC PERFORMANCE (1):FEL SCU R&D (NbTi)
17
![Page 18: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
CRYOGENIC PERFORMANCE (2): QUENCH(SCU1)
18
Initial spike indicates rapid boiling, after which liquid and vapor return to equilibrium. System remains closed throughout, with no helium venting. Slow linear reduction in temperature/pressure reflect the available excess
cooling capacity of the cryocoolers.
![Page 19: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
HELICAL SCU
19
Magnet concept
![Page 20: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
CRYOSTAT EVOLUTION
20
• Further (final?) implementation of lessons learned:• Alignment/fiducialization• Thermal performance
(shield, cryocoolers)• Smaller, cheaper• Able to test LHe-free cooling
strategy
FEA confirms suitability of QTY4 4.2K cryocoolers
![Page 21: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
CRYOSTAT MAJOR COMPONENTS
21
Support base
Upper 4.2 K cryocoolers
Lower 4.2 K cryocoolers
LHereservoir
magnet Beam chamber
Thermal shield
Vacuum vessel
Value Engineered design:- Single thermal shield - “All 4.2 K” cryocooler refrigeration- revised helium vent/fill - Upright cryocooler installation- Smaller vacuum vessel - Std. flange components
![Page 22: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
20” OD vacuum vessel uses standard ISO LF components. Helium relief/fill systems are decoupled and simplified.
REVISED CONCEPT
22
QTY4 4.2K cryocoolersprovides improved capacity margin
![Page 23: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
HELICAL SCU MAGNET R&D
Helical SCU magnet cores prototyped in plastic, Al & steel Conductor turn-around is proven with practice-winds.
23
![Page 24: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
R&D ON CRYOSTAT CONCEPTS FOR AN FEL SCU ARRAY
24
ANL concept:end-loading cylindrical
cryostat
LBNL concept:top-loading box cryostat
![Page 25: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
“TW FEL” WITH SCU AND CU-LINAC @LCLS-II(P. EMMA, SLAC)
25
Und. tech. Nb3Sn -Vac. full gap 4 mmPhoton energy 4 keVe− Energy 6.6 GeVEmittance 0.4 µmPeak current 4 kA
Step-wise tapered undulators (20%)
1.6 TW (4 keV) →
Self-seeding monochromator
1.5-m segment length allowsfine taper → maximize peakpower
![Page 26: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
FEL SCU CRYOMODULE CONCEPT(P. EMMA, SLAC + ANL/LBNL)
26
70 cm15 cm15 cm
1.5 m
phaseshifters (3) BPM
focusingquad
alignmentquad
undulatorsegments (3)
x & y positioncontrol
x & y positioncontrol
5.5 m
beamdirection
• Three 1.5-m long undulator segments in one 5.5-m cryostat• Short segments (1.5-m) easier to fabricate, measure, tune, and taper• Each segment independently powered to allow optimized TW-taper• Ancillary components include cold BPM, cold phase-shifters, cold quads• Cryogenic refrigeration/distribution system concept has been developed• Magnet alignment is critical (300 K →4 K)• Beam-based alignment as final correction using motorized pads
![Page 27: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
FEL SCU ARRAY CONCEPT
27
Array Segmentation: Minimal (common insulating vacuum) Full (independent insulating vacuums)
Planar, horizontal gap magnet shown (could be vertical)
![Page 28: SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR UPDATE PART 1: CURRENT … · 3/23/2016 · Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU0. 2009-2012: SCU0 installed into the APS](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050501/5f93eeb9f25a292d45237a34/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
MULTIPLE FELs IN A SINGLE CRYOSTAT
28
4 FEL’s
4 parallel helicalundulators
• 1.5-meter magnets• 3 magnets per FEL segment• 12 magnets per cryostat