Chapters

1Introduction1

1The Purpose of the Supplementary Planning Document1The Status of the Supplementary Planning Document

3Policy Background2

3National Policy3Regional Policy3Sub-regional Policy5Local Policy

7How to Use the Supplementary Planning Document3

7Stage A - Determine Size of Development8Stage B - Identify Planning Requirements

9Parking4

9Parking Standards10Design Guidance for Parking Areas11Car Free Housing11Car Clubs

13Accessibility5

13Minimum Accessibility Standard Assessment

15Transport Assessments and Transport Statements6

15What is a Transport Assessment?15When is a Transport Assessment required?18What information is required in a Transport Assessment?

19Travel Plans7

19What is a Travel Plan?19When should a Travel Plan be submitted?21What should be included in a Travel Plan?

23Air Quality Assessments8

25Design and Access Statements9

25What is a Design and Access Statement?25When is a Design and Access Statement required?25What is in the Access element of a Statement?

27Implementation, Developer Contributions, and Monitoring10

27Implementation27Developer Contributions28Monitoring

Appendices

iiParking StandardsA

xiiAccessibility Assessment SystemB

xxAccessibility MapsC

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Contents

xxxContacts and BibliographyD

Tables7Table 1 Determining Size of Development

16Table 2 Size thresholds over which a Transport Assessment or TransportStatement is likely to be required.

20Table 3 Thresholds for when a Travel Plan will be required

Figures8Figure 1 Requirements for Development Types

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document

Contents

1 Introduction

The Purpose of the Supplementary Planning Document

1.1 Knowsley Council is committed to developing a borough where the environment issafe, clean and attractive and where opportunity, health and social prosperity is available toall. Improving public transport, cycling and walking facilities will reduce reliance on privatecars. This will lead to lower levels of pollution, enhance the local environment, and promotehealthier lifestyles. It will also improve road safety and congestion, and improve quality ofdevelopment through better use of space.

1.2 The Council has published this guidance as a Supplementary Planning Document(SPD) to show how development can satisfy the requirements of accessibility policiescontained within Knowsley’s Development Plan. It will assist developers in ensuring thattheir proposals are accessible, promote sustainable travel patterns and minimise thecongestion and pollution caused by vehicles.

1.3 The main objective of the SPD is to ensure a good choice of travel modes to all newdevelopment.

1.4 This Supplementary Planning Document covers Knowsley Borough. It has, however,been developed in close partnership with the other districts on Merseyside and Merseytravelwith the aim of ensuring a relatively consistent approach to securing access to newdevelopment by a choice of transport modes, i.e. walking, cycling, public transport as wellas by private motor vehicles.

The Status of the Supplementary Planning Document

1.5 This document provides advice which supplements the policies of the KnowsleyReplacement Unitary Development Plan (UDP). The UDP is the latest UDP for Knowsley,adopted by the Council in June 2006. The UDP together with the North West of EnglandPlan Regional Spatial Strategy to 2021 (Regional Spatial Strategy) forms the statutory“development plan” for Knowsley.

1.6 The Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 introduced a change to the statutorydevelopment plan system requiring that the existing development plans be replaced by aLocal Development Framework (LDF).

1.7 The Local Development Framework will include a number of documents of which theCore Strategy will be the main document. Details of the Core Strategy and the otherdocuments in the LDF can be found in the Local Development Scheme on the Council’swebsite.

1.8 Although this Supplementary Planning Document supports UDP policies, this guidancealso forms part of the LDF and must be consistent with national and regional planning policyas well as the policies set out in the emerging LDF.

1.9 Supplementary Planning Documents support statutory development plans but do notform part of them.

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Introduction 1

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document2

1 Introduction

2 Policy Background

2.1 This Supplementary Planning Document has been guided by planning policy at thenational, regional and local level as set out in this section. It seeks to guide developers inunderstanding how Knowsley MBC interprets this policy for individual development proposals.

National Policy

2.2 National planning policy for transport is set out in Planning Policy Guidance Note13-Transport (PPG13), published in 2001. The objectives of PPG13 are to integrate planningand transport at the national, regional, strategic and local level and to promote moresustainable transport choices both for carrying people and for the movement of freight.

Regional Policy

2.3 Regional planning policy is set out in the North West of England Plan Regional SpatialStrategy to 2021 (RSS), published in 2008. This document forms part of the statutorydevelopment plan for Knowsley. RSS policies DP5, DP9, RT1, RT2, RT3 and RT9 are allconcerned with transportation issues.

Policy DP5 requires that development should be located so as to reduce the need to travel,especially by car, and to enable people as far as possible to meet their needs locally withnew development genuinely accessible by public transport, walking and cycling and priorityfor development given to locations where this is already possible.

Policy DP9 requires measures to be taken to reduce the Region’s carbon dioxide emissionssuch as reducing traffic growth, and promoting walking, cycling and public transport.

Policy RT1 seeks to develop sustainable, integrated and accessible solutions for all transportusers.

Policy RT2 seeks to reduce car use and incorporates maximum parking standards.

Policy RT3 highlights that Local Authorities should introduce measures to enhanceaccessibility by public transport, cycling and walking.

Policy RT9 seeks to ensure that new development incorporates high quality pedestrian andcycling facilities.

2.4 This Supplementary Planning Document is in conformity with the RSS.

Sub-regional Policy

Merseyside Local Transport Plan 2006-11

2.5 The SPD supports the aims and objectives of the Merseyside Local Transport Plan2006 – 2011 (LTP), which seeks to:

Provide the appropriate infrastructure to support social and economic growth andregeneration;Provide access for all to ensure an inclusive community;Manage demand to provide an efficient transport network;

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Policy Background 2

Support a healthier community by ensuring transport actively improves health, does notimpair quality of life and ensures the safety and security of all users;Protects and enhances the environment; andMakes best use of existing resources and strives to ensure value for money at all times.

Merseyside Bus Strategy

2.6 The Merseyside Bus Strategy March2006 is an integral part of the LocalTransport Plan. The Bus Strategy sets outproposals to maintain and grow thenumber of bus journeys made over a fiveyear period.

Merseyside Walking Strategy

2.7 The Merseyside Walking Strategy2002 sets out Merseyside's plans forencouraging walking. The aim of the planis to make safer and more pleasantsurroundings for pedestrians.The Merseyside Walking Strategy is reviewed every five years.Each authority has produced its own action plan. The draft Knowsley Action Plan includesstrategies to make walking in Knowsley safer, more pleasant and easier for all.

Merseyside Cycling Strategy

2.8 The intention of the Merseyside Cycling Strategy (2005) is “To promote and increasecycle use throughout Merseyside by highlighting the benefits of cycling as a healthysustainable mode of transport and through the development of infrastructure which is safe,convenient, efficient and attractive for cyclists.”

Liverpool City Region Multi Area Agreement

2.9 The Liverpool City Region Multi Area Agreement covers the boroughs of Halton,Liverpool, St Helens, Sefton and Wirral in addition to the Borough of Knowsley. It sets outhow the partners will work together in each of four platforms - Economy, Employment andSkills, Housing and Transport.

2.10 The vision for the transport platform is a fully integrated, sustainable, and safe transportnetwork, which supports economic and social regeneration, ensures good access for all, andwhich is operated and maintained to the highest standards to protect the environment andensure good quality of life for all.

2.11 In relation to transport, it sets out three key proposals:

to improving accessibility to employment and opportunities;to improving the capacity and connectivity of the Liverpool City Region network; andto reducing emissions and address climate change.

2.12 The SPD supports the aims and objectives of the Liverpool City Region Multi AreaAgreement.

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document4

2 Policy Background

Local Policy

Sustainable Community Strategy

2.13 Knowsley the Borough of Choice Sustainable Community Strategy 2008-2023 (SCS)identifies seven key drivers for transforming the Borough. These include ensuring thatKnowsley is well connected and has safer more cohesive communities. The production ofthis SPD is a commitment in the SCS.

Unitary Development Plan

2.14 Local planning policy is currently set out in the Knowsley Replacement UnitaryDevelopment Plan, adopted by Knowsley Council in June 2006, (UDP). The UDP identifiesthree strategic objectives relating to transport:

To accommodate improvements to the transport network which support regeneration.To locate major new development where it is accessible by a choice of walking, cyclingand public transport, thereby minimising the need to travel by car.To ensure that the design of new development provides a good level of accessibility tothe whole community (including the less mobile) making appropriate and safe provisionfor vehicle parking, walking, cycling and public transport.

2.15 The UDP contains a range of policies which aim to secure these objectives. In particularpolicies T1, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9 and T10.

Policy T1 aims to promote a transport system which is sustainable, integrated and meetsthe needs of all, encouraging the enhancement of walking, cycling and public transportfacilities.Policy T5 seeks to ensure all major developments are conveniently located for accessby public transport.Policy T6 requires all new development to be served by a good choice of travel modesand to have levels of parking which do not exceed maximum standards and which caterfor the less mobile.Policy T7 aims to ensure the walking and cycling network is at least preserved andwhere possible enhanced.Policy T8 requires Transport Assessments to be submitted with major applications andthose likely to significantly increase pollution or cause highway capacity issues.Policy T9 requires Travel Plans for major traffic generating developments or those likelyto exacerbate existing traffic problems.

2.16 The purpose of this SPD is to supplement the policies of the UDP relating to transport,by adding further detail and explaining how these policies will be interpreted by the Council.

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Policy Background 2

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document6

2 Policy Background

3 How to Use the Supplementary Planning Document

3.1 The transport requirements for new development will vary dependent on its type, sizeand location. To ascertain the requirements for your development, you should:

A. Determine the size of your development by referring to Stage A below;

B. Dependant on development size, identify appropriate requirements by referring to StageB at 3.3;

C. Dependant on requirements identified, refer to relevant chapters 4-9.

Stage A - Determine Size of Development

Table 1 Determining Size of Development

MajorLargeMediumMinorType of Development800m2 +500m2 - 800m2250m2 - 500m2Under 250m2A1 Food Retail1,500m2+800m2 - 1,500m2200m2 - 800m2Under 200m2A1 Non Food Retail2,500m2 +1,000m2 - 2,500m2200m2 - 1,000m2Under 200m2A2 Financial and Prof.

Services2,500m2 +250 m2 - 2,500m2Under 250m2A3 Restaurants &

Cafés600m2 +250 m2 - 600m2Under 250m2A4 Drinking

Establishments500m2 +250 m2 - 500m2Under 250m2A5 Hot Food

Takeaway2,500 m2 +1,500m2 - 2,500m2200m2 -1,500m2Under 200m2B1 Business

Further education

4,000m2 +2,500m2 - 4,000m2500m2 - 2,500m2Under 500m2B2 Industrial Uses5,000m2+2,000m2 - 5,000m2500m2 - 2,000m2Under 500m2B8 Storage and

Distribution100 + beds75 - 100 beds30 - 75 bedsUnder 30 bedsC1 Hotels50 or more beds30 - 49 beds<30 bedsC2 Residential

Institutions (hospitalsand nursing homes)

150 or morestudents

50 - 149 students<50 studentsC2 Residentialinstitutions(residentialeducation)

400 or moreresidents

250 - 399residents

<250 residentsC2 Residentialinstitutions(institutional hostels)

>80 units50 - 80 units10 - 50 units< 10 unitsC3 Dwelling houses500m2 - 1000m2200m2 - 500m2Under 200m2D1 Non-residential

institutions 100+v/h25v/h to 100v/hUnder 25 v/h

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How to Use the Supplementary Planning Document 3

1,500m2+500 - 1500m2200m2 - 500m2Under 200m2D2 Assembly/ Leisure(not stadia)

1500 + seatsD2 StadiaPlease discuss with the CouncilOthers

Notes:

(1) v/h = the number of vehicles entering or leaving the development each hour at its busiestpart of the day

(2) m2 = the gross floor space of the development in square metres

(3) The Knowsley Replacement Unitary Development Plan (2006) defines major A1 retail,both food and non-food, as being in excess of 1000m2. Department for Transport (DfT)document Guidance for Transport Assessment (2007) defines major A1 food retail as beingin excess of 800m2 and A1 non-food retail as being in excess of 1500m2. This SupplementaryPlanning Document uses the more recent DfT definition.

(4) In the case of extensions, floor space figures relate to the additional floor space includingany previous additional floorspace.

(5) If a development is on the border between two categories, then it will be assumed to becontained within the larger category.

Stage B - Identify Planning Requirements

3.2 Having identified which size category your development falls into, the following diagramidentifies which chapters of this document are applicable to your development.

Figure 1 Requirements for Development Types

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3 How to Use the Supplementary Planning Document

4 Parking

Parking Standards

4.1 The Council’s approach to car and cycle parking standards is set out in Policy T6 ofthe Knowsley Replacement Unitary Development Plan.

Policy T6 - Ensuring Choice of Travel to Serve New Developments (edited)

Proposals for new development should provide or be served by a good choice of modesof travel appropriate to the scale and nature of the development, as follows:

Cycle parking facilities in accordance with the Council’s minimum standardsCar parking facilities which do not exceed the Council’s maximum standardsParking facilities for the less mobile, delivery and other service vehicles within thesite in accordance with the Council’s minimum standardsSafe and convenient vehicular access to and from the highway and within the site

4.2 In accordance with this policy relevant parking standards will therefore be applied toall planning applications for new development.

4.3 The Council’s current parking standards are set out in Appendix A. All developersshould have regard to these standards.These standards will be used by the Council to assessthe adequacy of parking provision within any development proposal.

4.4 The parking standards contained within Appendix A are based in the most part on thestandards in the emerging partial review of the North West of England Plan Regional SpatialStrategy (RSS). If, following the completion of this review, the final standards in the RSS areamended; applicants should have regard to those updated standards to which the Councilwill also refer in assessing planning applications.

4.5 For general car parking, the standards define upper limits for new developments.These maximum standards for car parking vary according to the location of a site. In moreurban areas, sites are generally accessible to a larger proportion of the population on foot,cycle or public transport and therefore less reliance on private cars is encouraged by lowermaximum parking standards. In all areas there may be instances where provision should beless than the maximum specified for example where a site is particularly accessible by modesof transport other than the private car, or for example where a car club is proposed.

4.6 Standards for the provision of parking spaces for bicycles, motorcycles HGV andcoaches have been developed and are included within the table. Cycle and motor cycleparking standards are expressed as minimums to encourage developers to provide forcyclists. Both HGV and coach parking provision should be developed on a case by casebasis through discussions with the Council.

4.7 Disabled parking standards have been derived from national Government guidance.Again these are expressed as a minimum.When determining the appropriate level of parkingfor people with disabilities, developers should consider whether the development is likely tohave higher levels of use by disabled drivers than average. The disabled spaces should beincluded as part of the overall parking provision of a development.

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Parking 4

4.8 Where parking provision within a development is likely to cause displacement of parkingonto other surrounding areas, contributions may be required from developers to implementparking control measures, for example, a Controlled Parking Zone.

4.9 Details of the appropriate dimensions, layout and location of parking are included in:

Manual for Streets, DCLG and DfT (2007);Sustrans Cycle Parking Design Guidance;Motorcycle parking - Traffic Advisory Leaflet 02/02; andDraft Design Quality in New Developments SPD.

Design Guidance for Parking Areas

4.10 As well as considering the number of parking spaces which should be provided, it isessential to pay attention to the location and design of cycle and car parking facilities toensure good levels of safety, security, amenity and convenience for all visitors to the site aswell as the protection of amenity for surrounding land uses.

4.11 Car and cycle parking should be in an accessible and secure location with naturalsurveillance, for example, close to the building entrance. Safety and Security can be improvedby following the principles of ‘Secure by Design’(1 ).

4.12 Access from the public highway must be safe with good visibility for pedestrians andcyclists as well as vehicles leaving and entering the parking area. Adequate area must begiven over to manoeuvring and turning within the site as well as parking. Parking areas shouldbe separated from servicing areas to avoid unnecessary conflicts.

4.13 Consideration should be given to the location of nearby residential areas to avoidunnecessary noise, loss of privacy or nuisance from security lighting for nearby residents.

4.14 Consideration should also be given tothe visual appearance of parking areas, largeexpanses of hard surfacing should be avoidedwith parking and circulation spaces divided andsoftened with good quality tree and shrubplanting. Surfacing materials and associatedequipment should be of a form and materialswhich complements and where possibleenhances local character.

4.15 Parking areas should be designed soas to ensure all users have safe and convenientaccess to buildings within the site with consideration being given to access points, sightlines,desire lines, signage, lighting, footways, cycleways and any changes in levels includingdropped kerbs. Particular care should be taken to ensure pedestrians and cyclists are givenpriority over motor vehicles where appropriate.

1 http://www.securebydesign.com

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4 Parking

4.16 Parking areas must be appropriately drained to avoid hazardous surface water runoff or flooding. Drainage should normally be via a Sustainable Drainage system (SuDS)(2 ).

4.17 The wide range of cycle and cycle equipment storage options available should beconsidered when designing suitable facilities for cyclists. It is important that visitors have aconvenient level of facility for a short visit (e.g. cycle stand close to entrance), while employeesmay require both a more secure option (e.g. cycle shed), plus somewhere to store clothing/ equipment (e.g. lockers) and shower / changing facilities.

Car Free Housing

4.18 Car free housing is housing with no on site parking other than for people withdisabilities. It can encourage people to pursue car-free lifestyles and, in association withother initiatives, help reduce traffic and pollution. The development of car free housing maybe encouraged in highly accessible areas such as in suitable Town Centres.

4.19 Car free housing can only be designated in areas where on-street parking is controlled.If car free housing is approved it is likely that a planning obligation will be required to ensurethat future occupants are aware that they are not entitled to on-street parking permits. Highlevels of access must be maintained to ensure any car free development remains car free.Where it is deemed appropriate, developers may be required to make a contribution toimprove the provision of other sustainable transport infrastructure, for example cycle lanesor public transport infrastructure.

Car Clubs

4.20 A car club is a club that provides its members with quick and easy access to a carfor short term hire. Car clubs offer a good balance between providing for the occasional useof the car and promoting the use of more sustainable modes of transport. For the individualthey offer greater flexibility, convenience and affordability. For developers, they enable higherdensity residential and commercial development through less on-site parking and can enabledevelopment to take place on sites which are not otherwise considered viable due toinadequate space for parking.

4.21 Car clubs should ultimately be self-financing. Developers may however be requiredto provide a one-off investment to guarantee the club's operation during an agreed set-upperiod. To facilitate this, schemes can be maintained for the agreed time period via acontractor/car club operator; and/or free trial memberships can be given to residents toencourage them to change their travel behaviour.

4.22 If a Car Club is proposed the developer should provide dedicated Car Club parkingspaces distributed across the site (more spaces may be required as the club grows) and theCar Club should be operating as soon as businesses / residents move on site. Refer towww.carplus.org.uk for more advice on Car Clubs.

2 UDP Policy ENV7 normally requires that a Sustainable Drainage System (SuDS) isincorporated into new development.

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Parking 4

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4 Parking

5 Accessibility

Minimum Accessibility Standard Assessment

5.1 Two of the Strategic Objectives of the Knowsley Replacement Unitary DevelopmentPlan (UDP) seek to ensure developments are highly accessible. Objective 8 seeks to locatemajor new development where it is accessible by a choice of walking, cycling and publictransport, thereby minimising the need to travel by car and objective 19 seeks to ensure thatthe design of new development provides a good level of accessibility to the whole community(including the less mobile) making appropriate and safe provision for vehicle parking, walking,cycling and public transport.

5.2 Further to these objectives several UDP policies seek to promote high levels ofaccessibility for new development as follows:

Policy T1 - An Integrated Transport System (edited)

The Council’s priorities for the development of the transport system are set down in theMerseyside Local Transport Plan, which aims to provide a sustainable and integratedtransport system. Priority will be given to schemes which provide:

Enhanced provision of walking and cycling routesEnhancements to the rail freight networkEnhanced provision for bus and rail stations and public transport interchange facilitiesand development of Quality Bus partnerships and Quality Bus Contracts to aid theenhancement of the principle bus routesEnhanced provision of Park and Ride facilities

Policy T6 - Ensuring Choice of Travel to serve new Developments (edited)

Proposals for new development should provide or be served by a good choice of modesof travel appropriate to the scale and nature of the development, as follows:

Well lit, safe, convenient and clearly sign-posted footways and cycle routes bothwithin the site and linking to the surrounding area and to public transport facilitiesCycle parking facilities in accordance with the Council’s minimum standardsCar parking facilities which do not exceed the Council’s maximum standardsParking facilities for the less mobile, delivery and other service vehicles within thesite in accordance with the Council’s minimum standardsSafe and convenient vehicular access to and from the highway and within the siteGood provision of public transport to the site. In the case of major developments,and any other developments likely to generate a significant amount of travel demand,the provision of additional public transport facilities such as bus stops, bus layoverbays, taxi bays or other facilities may be required within or adjacent to the site.

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Accessibility 5

Policy T7- New Development and Walking and Cycling Routes (edited)

New development should preserve and where possible enhance the walking and cyclingnetwork.

Policy T10- Access for the Less Mobile (edited)

All proposals will be required to have adequate access for the less mobile or those whohave sensory impairment, and shall have adequate adaptability to meet lifetime designstandards for homes and inclusive design standards for all other buildings.

5.3 Generally the larger the development, the more accessible it will be expected to be.Developers are encouraged to locate appropriate developments in areas with the best levelsof access (e.g. town or district centres). In such locations higher densities of developmentwill, subject to other planning considerations, be encouraged.

5.4 Developments will be expected to promote walking, cycling and public transport. Wheresites have poor access by one of these modes, developers may be expected to contributeto the cost of providing necessary improvements for pedestrians, cyclists and public transportusers, or for necessary highway improvements.

5.5 In order to assess the accessibility of proposals fairly andconsistently the Council, in consultation with other Merseysideauthorities has developed a standardised accessibility assessmentscoring system.

5.6 For all medium, large and major development proposals theCouncil will assess the accessibility of sites by completing thisassessment scoring system in Appendix B.The assessment scores fora proposed development will be compared to minimum accessibilityscores which have been developed with other authorities and partnerson Merseyside. If it is considered necessary, the Council will use thiscomparison as a basis for seeking further modifications to applicationsor refusing the application. Developers may wish to use the scoring system to improve thedesign of their proposed development.

5.7 The Standardised Accessibility Assessment System, including target scores for eachtype and size of development is set out in Appendix B. For more information on how theStandardised Accessibility Assessment System is applied please contact the Council’sPlanning and Transportation Division, (contacts Appendix D).

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5 Accessibility

6 Transport Assessments and Transport Statements

What is a Transport Assessment?

6.1 Large scale developments can have significant transport implications. A TransportAssessment (TA) is a comprehensive review of all the potential transport impacts that aproposed development or redevelopment may have, together with an agreed plan to reduceany adverse consequences. The submission of TA with planning applications enables theseimplications to be fully assessed.

6.2 In cases where the Council considers a TA is not necessary it may still request aTransport Statement. A Transport Statement sets out information requested by the Councilon specific transport issues.

When is a Transport Assessment required?

6.3 The Council’s approach to Transport Assessments is set out in Policy T8 of the KnowsleyReplacement Unitary Development Plan.

Policy T8:Transport Assessments

Development proposals that would prejudice the primary function of any part of thehighway network (i.e. the motorway, trunk road, primary and local highway network) bygenerating a material increase in traffic, which would overload the access to, or any partof the network, will not be permitted, unless the necessary mitigation measures requiredare undertaken.

Planning applications for the following forms of development will be required to beaccompanied by a Transport Assessment:

a) Major traffic generating development proposals;

b) Proposals which, either by themselves or in conjunction with wider proposals of whichthe development forms a part, are likely to cause significant harm as a result of existingroad capacity or safety problems in the area;

c) Proposals which are likely to significantly increase pollution and/or noise as a resultof traffic generation; or cause pollution levels in Air Quality Management areas to exceedguideline levels;

d) Proposals that would generate a material increase in traffic entering or using anymotorways, trunk roads or other primary routes; and

e) Proposals that would impact on the bus network.

6.4 This guidance defines T8 a) ‘major traffic generating developments’ to be those of ascale set out in the last column of table 1 of the SPD. A Transport Assessment shouldtherefore always be submitted with any planning application which falls within theMajor category in table 1.

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Transport Assessments and Transport Statements 6

6.5 For medium to large proposals, the Council must decide whether the development islikely to result in the effects identified in UDP Policy T8 b) to e) (reproduced above). In suchcases a Transport Assessment will be required. In deciding whether or not a TA is necessaryfor medium and large proposals the Council refers to the suggested thresholds set out in‘Guidance on Transport Assessment’ Department of Transport, March 2007and replicatedin Table 2. For developments exceeding the threshold, a Transport Statement or TransportAssessment is likely to be required.

Table 2 Size thresholds over which a Transport Assessment or Transport Statementis likely to be required.

ThresholdUse/description of developmentLand use

>250 sq m grossfloor area

Retail sale of food goods to the public- foodsuperstores, supermarkets, convenience foodstores.

A1 - Retail Food

>800 sq m grossfloor area

Retail non food sales, includes sandwich barswhere cold food is purchased and consumedelsewhere, internet cafés.

A1 - Retail

Non-food

>1000sqm grossfloor area

E.g. banks, bureaux de change, Non healthor medical services, estate agents,employment agencies, betting shops,principally where services are provided to thevisiting public.

A2 - Financial

And Prof

Services

>300 sq m grossfloor area

Uses for the sale of food for consumption onthe premises, excludes internet cafés.

A3 - Cafés andRestaurants

>300 sq m grossfloor area

Use as a public house, wine-bar or otherdrinking establishment.

A4 - Drinking Places

>250 sq m grossfloor area

Use for the sale of hot food for consumptionoff the premises.

A5 - Hot foodTakeaway

>1500sqm grossfloor area

(a) Offices other than in use within Class A2

(b) research and development laboratories,studios

B1 - Business

(c) light industry

>2500sqm grossfloor area

General industry (non B1)B2 - Generalindustrial

>3000sqm grossfloor area

Storage/distribution centres, wholesalewarehouses and repositories

B8 - Storage /distribution

>75 bedroomsHotels, boarding houses and guest houses,no significant element of care is provided

C1 - Hotels

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6 Transport Assessments and Transport Statements

>30 bedsUsed for the provision of residentialaccommodation and care to people in needof care.

C2 - ResidentialInstitutions(hospitalsand nursing homes)

>50 studentsBoarding schools and training centres.C2 - Residentialinstitutions(Education)

>250 residentsHomeless shelters, accommodation forpeople with learning difficulties and peopleon probation.

C2 - Residentialinstitutions (hostels)

>50 dwellingsDwellings for individuals, families or not morethan six people living together as a singlehousehold including students, young peopleand small group homes for disabled peopleliving together.

C3 - Dwelling houses

>500 sq mMedical and health services – clinics andhealth centres, crèches, day nurseries, daycentres and consulting rooms (not attached

D1 - Non-residentialInstitutions

to the consultant‘s or doctor‘s house),museums, public libraries, art galleries,exhibition halls, non-residential education andtraining centres, places of worship, religiousinstruction and church halls.

>500 sq mCinemas, dance and concert halls, sportshalls, swimming baths, skating rinks,gymnasiums, bingo halls and casinos. otherindoor and outdoor sports and leisure usesnot involving motorised vehicles or firearms

D2 - Assembly andleisure

Discuss with theCouncil’s PlanningandTransportationDivision

e.g. retail warehouse clubs, schools,amusement arcades, launderettes, petrolfilling stations, taxi businesses, car/vehiclehire businesses and the selling and displayingof motor vehicles, nightclubs, theatres,

Others

hostels, builders yards, garden centres, POs,travel and ticket agencies, hairdressers,funeral directors, hire shops, dry cleaners,stadia, etc

6.6 These size thresholds are used as a guide only. On occasion, a proposed developmentmay still result in the impacts set out in Policy T8 even though its size is below the abovethresholds. Minor developments however will not normally require a Transport Assessmentas they will not usually result in any of the impacts in policy T8.

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Transport Assessments and Transport Statements 6

What information is required in a Transport Assessment?

6.7 Generally, Transport Assessments should examine in detail the demand for travelgenerated by a development. They should then explain how this can be met in a safe andsustainable way that minimises negative impacts on the surrounding community.

6.8 The information needed within any Transport Assessment to address these issues willvary dependant on the circumstances of the case. For all developments which will or mayrequire a Transport Assessment, developers are encouraged to have early discussions withthe Transportation Section of the Council to find out what information it should contain. Fordevelopment proposals that affect motorways and trunk roads, early consultation is alsorecommended with the Highways Agency about the content of the Transport Assessment.

6.9 The content of the Transport Assessment as agreed with the Council, is likely to includethe following:

An assessment of current local conditions, in particular the capacity of all networksserving the site;An assessment of the travel demand generated by the development both in constructionand when completed;An assessment of how this travel demand can be met in a manner which:

ensures access by all modes of transportmaximises access to the site by walking, cycling, and public transport;reduces the need to travel by carprotects the safety of all road users in the vicinity of the siteprotects the efficiency of all networks in the vicinity of the site;protects the natural environment, and where possible enhances itmakes best possible use of existing transport infrastructure;manages access to the highway network;does not lead to congestion;does not have detrimental effect on air quality; andmitigates residual impacts via for example improvements to public transport, walkingand cycling facilities or improvements to existing roads

A programme of measures to achieve the above.

6.10 More detailed guidance on Transport Assessments can be found in “Guidance ofTransport Assessment”, Department for Transport, Communities and Local Government,March 2007 and Appendix D. Anyone who is required to provide a Transport Assessmentshould read this detailed guidance.

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document18

6 Transport Assessments and Transport Statements

7 Travel Plans

What is a Travel Plan?

7.1 A Travel Plan is a plan for managing transport effectively for a specific site. It aims toimprove access to the site by many modes of travel, thus improving transport choices foreveryone. It is made up of a package of practical measures with the aim of reducing cardependency and encouraging the use of walking, cycling, and public transport.The plan caninclude improved bicycle facilities, car sharing schemes, support for public transport orchanges in parking provision. Travel Plans can be an effective tool for reducing the demandfor private car use in all sizes of development.

7.2 The nature and scope of the Travel Plan to be submitted with an application will dependon the type of development in the application. There are two main types of Travel Plan. AFull Travel Plan should be submitted where the end users of the site are known and anInterim Travel Plan should be submitted where end users are not known.

7.3 A Full Travel Plan should be based on known travel patterns of users which may requireconsultation with employees. All Full Travel Plans should include:

a modal share target;controls on car parking;nomination of Travel Plan co-ordinator;provision of improved public transport such as diverting existing bus services or securing-new servicesprovision of cycle and pedestrian services and facilities both in-side and outside the site;promotion of public transport, walking and cycling;mechanisms for monitoring and reviewing the Travel Plan; andmay also cover car sharing schemes, alternative working practices / hours and ‘greener’vehicle fleets.

7.4 Interim Travel Plans should set out all commitments which are not dependent on inputfrom employees / visitors / end users and which can be implemented prior to developmentor occupation. Interim Travel Plans may include:

management of car parking;plans for co-ordination of the Travel Plan;a timetable for the introduction of the Final Travel Plan or for individual occupiers todevelop a Travel Plan; anda timetable for Final Travel Plan development / implementation once end users areidentified.

7.5 If an application is considered appropriate based on the proposals in a Travel Plan,the measures in that plan will be required to be implemented if planning permission is grantedeither by condition or legal agreement.

When should a Travel Plan be submitted?

7.6 The Councils approach to Travel Plans is set out in policy T9 of the KnowsleyReplacement Unitary Development Plan the text of which is summarised below.

19Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Travel Plans 7

Policy T9 - The following forms of development will require the submission andimplementation of a Travel Plan: (edited)

a) Major traffic generating development(3 )

b) Smaller development proposals which, either by themselves or in conjunction withother proposals, would generate significant amounts of vehicular traffic in or near AirQuality Management Areas; or exacerbate an existing traffic problem in the surroundingarea which would otherwise justify a refusal of planning permission.

7.7 A Travel Plan will be required to be submitted for all those developments identified bypolicy T9. This guidance defines T9 a)’ Major traffic generating development’ as that withintable 3. A Travel Plan should always be submitted with any planning application whichis at or exceeds the threshold in table 3.

Table 3 Thresholds for when a Travel Plan will be required

Table 3 – Thresholds for when a Travel Plan will be required

Gross Threshold (m2)Use

500A1 Food Retail

800A1 Non-Food Retail

1,000A2 Financial and Professional Services

2,500A3 Restaurants and Cafés

600A4 Drinking Establishments

500A5 Hot Food Takeaway

1,500B1 Business

2,500B2 General Industrial

2,000B8 Storage and Distribution

30 bedroomsC1 Hotels

AllC2 Residential Institutions

50 unitsC3 Dwelling Houses

500D1 Non-Residential Institutions

3 Although policy T9 excludes housing developments from T9a) as the Department ofTransport document ‘Guidance for Transport Assessments’, March 2007, publishedafter the adoption of the UDP includes residential thresholds for Travel Plans thesehave been included in table 1 of this SPD.

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document20

7 Travel Plans

500D2 Assembly & Leisure (except stadia)

AllStadia

AllSchools/Colleges/Universities

7.8 Developments may still need a Travel Plan if they would be likely to increase accidentsor conflicts among motorised users and non-motorised users, particularly vulnerable roadusers such as children, disabled and elderly people.

7.9 Developments smaller than the above thresholds will not normally require a TravelPlan however it is possible in certain instances that even for a minor development a TravelPlan may be required. In other circumstances an applicant may consider that a Travel Planwould help to minimise the environmental impact of a development and in such cases thesubmission of a Travel Plan will be encouraged.

What should be included in a Travel Plan?

7.10 Developers who are submitting a Travel Plan with an application should refer to themore detailed government guidance set out in ‘Good Practice Guidelines: Delivering TravelPlans through the Planning Process’, Department for Transport, Communities and LocalGovernment, April 2009.

7.11 In addition a Merseyside TravelWise Travel Plan Pack has been produced to assistdevelopers in Merseyside in drawing up Travel Plans. This has been designed to be usedtogether with central guidance and can be accessed at (www.letstravelwise.org).

7.12 Developers considering a Travel Plan may also like to consult with the Council toensure that they are aware of what is expected in the Travel Plan, particularly as the planmay influence the design of the proposal. In addition assistance and support in preparing aTravel Plan may be available from a Merseyside TravelWise Officer (contacts Appendix D).

7.13 Where a Travel Plan forms an integral part of a planning application and is reliedupon in determining that application, the Council will seek to secure the full implementationof the measures set out in the Travel Plan via conditions attached to the planning permissionor where a condition cannot be used (for example where it is necessary to secure financialpayments for enhanced bus services) via a legal agreement.

21Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Travel Plans 7

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document22

7 Travel Plans

8 Air Quality Assessments

8.1 New development can have a significant impact on air quality through traffic generation.Policy ENV1 of the UDP states that development will not be permitted which is likely to causesignificant harm to amenity as a result of impact on air quality.

8.2 Where it is anticipated that a development may cause significant harm to air qualitythe Council will require the developer to submit an Air Quality Assessment with their planningapplication.

8.3 The following forms of development are likely to give rise to significant traffic relatedimpacts on air quality :

developments that may result in increased congestion and lower vehicle speeds thanis present on the existing local road network;development of a scale which requires a Transport Assessmentdevelopment likely to significantly alter the composition of traffic such that adverse airquality impacts may arise;developments with more than 300 car parking spaces;lorry or coach parksproposals for new residential developments or intensification of existing residential use,which would introduce new sensitive receptors into an area of poor air quality.

8.4 If a development proposal falls into one of the above categories then the developershould contact the Council’s Environmental Protection Team at the earliest opportunity beforesubmitting a planning application to discuss the possibility of an Air Quality Assessment beingrequired with the application (Contacts Appendix D).

8.5 It should be noted that Air Quality Assessments may also be required to accompanyapplications which are likely to produce significant air quality impacts other than throughtraffic generation such as developments requiring an Environmental Impact Assessment.

23Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Air Quality Assessments 8

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document24

8 Air Quality Assessments

9 Design and Access Statements

What is a Design and Access Statement?

9.1 Design and Access Statements explain the design principles and concepts that haveinformed a development and the thinking behind a planning application.This guidance helpsdevelopers understand the appropriate information on access to include in their Design andAccess Statement and sets out when additional more detailed information on travel issuesis required.

When is a Design and Access Statement required?

9.2 Planning legislation requires that applicants produce Design and Access Statementsto be submitted with virtually all planning applications for built development.Within Knowsleythe only applications for built development not requiring a Design and Access Statement willbe applications for extensions and alterations to existing dwellings located outside anyconservation area. This Chapter is relevant to all other developments regardless of size.

What is in the Access element of a Statement?

9.3 Applicants are advised to include the following as a minimum in the Access Section ofany Design and Access Statement. Applicants who have followed the advice in previouschapters of this SPD should be able to address all of these points.

An explanation of how relevant development plan policies have been taken into account.An explanation of how the site is linked safely to surrounding roads, cycleways andfootpaths showing appropriate vehicular and pedestrian sight lines using diagrams wherenecessary.An explanation of how the site links to the public transport network and the pedestrianand cycle network with appropriate illustrative diagrams, (see Appendices 2, 3, 4)An explanation of how access arrangements within the site will ensure that all usershave safe and convenient access to buildings. Diagrams may be used to show howvehicles, pedestrians and cyclists would move through the site including information onaccess points, sightlines, desire lines, signage, lighting, footways, cycleways and anychanges in levels including dropped kerbs.An explanation of how car parking spaces have been designed to ensure maximumstandards are not exceeded and that parking has been provided for people with disabilitiesto meet minimum standards.An explanation of how cycle parking is to be laid out to accord with minimum standardsand what facilities are to be provided for cyclists such as showers or lockers.An explanation of access for emergency services for example referring to circulationaround the site and emergency evacuation egress using appropriate diagrams.Drainage proposals for parking and circulation areas having regard to the need for SuDS.An explanation of how the scheme addresses the need for flexibility to adapt to changingneeds.Reference to any consultation which has been undertaken in relation to issues of accessand how the outcome has informed the proposals

25Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Design and Access Statements 9

For outline applications the principles which have informed the location of access pointsshould be explained referring to neighbourhood movement patterns and access pointsto buildings.An explanation of materials to be used for surfacing and street furniture and how theycomplement the local character.

9.4 For further guidance, see “Design and Access Statements – How to write, read anduse them” (CABE, August 2006). The Council is preparing an SPD on Design Issues. Thisshould be taken into consideration once adopted.

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document26

9 Design and Access Statements

10 Implementation, Developer Contributions, and Monitoring

10.1 This section provides information how the Council will Implement and monitor thisSPD.

Implementation

10.2 In applying this guidance it is hoped that reliance of private cars is reduced andopportunities for using more sustainable transport choices increased.

Developer Contributions

10.3 The Council is keen to encourage development and regeneration within Knowsley.In some cases, however, development can impose costs or harm on the community and onthe environment. Such costs can include the need to provide and maintain transport facilitiesto meet the needs of new development.

10.4 Policy PA1: Planning Agreements of Knowsley Replacement Unitary DevelopmentPlan (2006) (UDP) outlines when the Council will enter into legal agreements with developersto mitigate any impacts arising from the development.

10.5 Table 14.1 of the UDP indicates what types of obligations the Council is likely to seekfrom developers through planning agreements. This includes improvements to public transportinfrastructure, highways, cycleways and / or pedestrian routes.

10.6 Where development is not able to meet the minimum criteria for accessibility, asprescribed by the Accessibility Checklist, the Council may either refuse planning permission, impose conditions on the planning permission or seek financial and/or non-financialcontributions in order to deal with the specific issues connected with the development. Itmay also seek contributions more generally to secure sustainable cycling, walking and publictransport in the area.

10.7 Developer contributions will be used to achieve the following strategic priorities fortransport (please note the list is indicative only and other forms of contribution will be soughtin appropriate cases):

support for key transport infrastructure projects;other strategic road improvements where capacity is likely to be exceeded as a resultof the proposed development or the cumulative impact of several developments withinan area;car parking, car storage, car clubs;public transport improvements;coach parking / Park and Ride facilities;provision for pedestrians and cyclists;provision or enhancement of greenway links; andAir Quality management controls including monitoring.

10.8 The level of financial contribution sought, and scale / proximity of transportimprovements required will relate to the scale of the development proposed, and theaccessibility improvements identified through the accessibility assessment and / or transportassessment / statement.

27Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Implementation, Developer Contributions, and Monitoring 10

Monitoring

10.9 The effectiveness of the SPD will be monitored through the Council's Annual MonitoringReport (AMR). Indicators and targets within the AMR change over time, however examplesof current relevant indicators are:

Amount of completed development complying with (not exceeding) car-parking standardsset out in the local development framework.Amount of new residential development within 30 minutes public transport time of: a GP;a hospital; a primary school; a secondary school; areas of employment; and a majorretail centre.Percentage of developments subject to the approval of the SPD as outlined in the LocalTransport Plan for Merseyside 2006-2011 (page 337)

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document28

10 Implementation, Developer Contributions, and Monitoring

iEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

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Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentii

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iiiEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

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.In

clud

esge

nera

lin

dust

ry in

resi

dent

ial

area

s.

--

1 sp

ace

per

1000

sq.

m.

(min

imum

of

2 sp

aces

)

1 sp

ace

per

450

sq.m

.(m

inim

um o

f2

spac

es)

6 ba

ys p

lus

2% o

f tot

alca

paci

ty

Indi

vidu

alba

ys fo

rea

chdi

sabl

edem

ploy

ee

1 sp

ace

per

45 s

q.m

.1

spac

e pe

r 48

sq.m

.1

spac

e pe

r60

sq.

m.

Gen

eral

Indu

stry

Gen

eral

Ind

ust

ryB

2

plus

2 b

ays

or 5

% o

fto

tal

capa

city

whi

chev

eris

gre

ater

--

1 sp

ace

per

2000

sq.

m.

(min

imum

of

2 sp

aces

)

1 sp

ace

per

850

sq.m

.(m

inim

um o

f2

spac

es)

6 ba

ys p

lus

2% o

f tot

alca

paci

ty

Indi

vidu

alba

ys fo

rea

chdi

sabl

ed

1 sp

ace

per

100

sq.m

.1

spac

e pe

r 10

0sq

.m.

1 sp

ace

per

100

sq.m

.S

tora

ge a

nddi

strib

utio

nS

tora

ge

and

dis

trib

uti

on

B8

empl

oyee

plus

2 b

ays

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentiv

A Parking Standards

Co

mm

ents

Co

ach

esM

oto

rcyc

les

(Min

imu

m)

Bic

ycle

s(M

inim

um

)D

isab

led

Par

kin

gO

ther

Are

as(M

axim

um

)D

istr

ict

and

Lo

cal

Cen

tre

(Max

imu

m)

Tow

nC

entr

es(M

axim

um

)

Sp

ecifi

c L

and

Use

Bro

ad L

and

Use

Cla

ssD

rop

Off

(Min

imu

m)

Par

kin

g(M

inim

um

)O

ver

200

bay

s(M

inim

um

)

Up

to

200

bay

s(M

inim

um

)A

ll ar

eas

are

Gro

ss F

loo

r A

rea

un

less

oth

erw

ise

stat

edA

ll ar

eas

are

Gro

ss F

loo

r A

rea

un

less

oth

erw

ise

stat

edor

5%

of

tota

lca

paci

tyw

hich

ever

is g

reat

erT

he in

clus

ion

of a

ncill

ary

uses

suc

h as

1 (h

otel

son

ly)

Neg

otia

ted

on a

case

by

case

basi

s

1 sp

ace

per

25 g

uest

room

s(m

inim

um o

f2

spac

es)

1 sp

ace

per

10 g

uest

room

s(m

inim

um o

f2

spac

es)

4 ba

ys p

lus

4% o

f tot

alca

paci

ty

3 ba

ys o

r6%

of t

otal

capa

city

whi

chev

eris

gre

ater

1 sp

ace

per

bedr

oom

incl

udin

gst

aff p

arki

ngpr

ovis

ion

1 sp

ace

per

bedr

oom

incl

udin

gst

aff p

arki

ngpr

ovis

ion

1 sp

ace

per

bedr

oom

incl

udin

gst

aff p

arki

ngpr

ovis

ion

Hot

els,

boa

rdin

gan

d gu

esth

ouse

sH

ote

lsC

1

conf

eren

cece

ntre

s an

dpu

blic

lyav

aila

ble

leis

ure

cent

res

shou

ld in

itial

lybe

trea

ted

asad

ditio

nal t

oth

e ge

nera

lho

tel u

se.

How

ever

,as

sess

men

tssh

ould

be

mad

e of

pote

ntia

lef

ficie

ncie

s in

park

ing

prov

isio

n,m

akin

gal

low

ance

s,fo

r ex

ampl

e,fo

rco

nfer

ence

dele

gate

sst

ayin

g in

the

hote

l.

vEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Parking Standards A

Co

mm

ents

Co

ach

esM

oto

rcyc

les

(Min

imu

m)

Bic

ycle

s(M

inim

um

)D

isab

led

Par

kin

gO

ther

Are

as(M

axim

um

)D

istr

ict

and

Lo

cal

Cen

tre

(Max

imu

m)

Tow

nC

entr

es(M

axim

um

)

Sp

ecifi

c L

and

Use

Bro

ad L

and

Use

Cla

ssD

rop

Off

(Min

imu

m)

Par

kin

g(M

inim

um

)O

ver

200

bay

s(M

inim

um

)

Up

to

200

bay

s(M

inim

um

)A

ll ar

eas

are

Gro

ss F

loo

r A

rea

un

less

oth

erw

ise

stat

edA

ll ar

eas

are

Gro

ss F

loo

r A

rea

un

less

oth

erw

ise

stat

edT

hese

stan

dard

ssh

ould

cat

er

--

4 ba

ys p

lus

4% o

f tot

alca

paci

ty

3 ba

ys o

r6%

of t

otal

capa

city

whi

chev

eris

gre

ater

1 pe

r 5

beds

1 pe

r 5

beds

1 pe

r 4

beds

Res

iden

tial c

are

hom

es/N

ursi

ngH

omes

Res

iden

tial

Inst

itu

tio

ns

C2

for a

ll us

ers

ofth

ede

velo

pmen

t,no

t jus

tre

side

nts

The

sest

anda

rds

shou

ld c

ater

--

4 ba

ys p

lus

4% o

f tot

alca

paci

ty

3 ba

ys o

r6%

of t

otal

capa

city

whi

chev

eris

gre

ater

1 sp

ace

3be

ds1

spac

e 3

beds

1 sp

ace

2be

dsS

helte

red

acco

mm

odat

ion

for a

ll us

ers

ofth

ede

velo

pmen

t,no

t jus

tre

side

nts

Cyc

le p

arki

ngne

ed n

ot b

epr

ovid

ed if

gara

ges

are

avai

labl

e.

--

-1

(allo

cate

d)1

(com

mun

al)

Neg

otia

ted

on a

cas

eby

cas

eba

sis

Neg

otia

ted

on a

cas

eby

cas

eba

sis

11

0.5

to 1

1 bedr

oom

Dw

ellin

gho

uses

Dw

ellin

gh

ou

ses

C3

--

-2

(allo

cate

d)1

(com

mun

al)

22

1.5

2 to

3be

droo

ms

--

-4

(allo

cate

d)2

(com

mun

al)

33

24+ be

droo

ms

--

1 sp

ace

per 2

cons

ultin

gro

oms

(min

imum

)

2 sp

aces

per

cons

ultin

gro

om(m

inim

um)

4 ba

ys p

lus

4% o

f tot

alca

paci

ty

3 ba

ys o

r6%

of t

otal

capa

city

whi

chev

eris

gre

ater

1 sp

ace

per

2 st

aff p

lus

4pe

rco

nsul

ting

room

1 sp

ace

per

2 st

aff

plus

4 p

erco

nsul

ting

room

1 sp

ace

per

2 st

aff p

lus

3pe

rco

nsul

ting

room

Clin

ics

and

heal

thce

ntre

s (e

xclu

des

hosp

itals

)

No

n-r

esid

enti

alin

stit

uti

on

sD

1

Dro

p-of

fsp

aces

to b

ede

term

ined

Neg

otia

ted

on a

cas

eby

cas

eba

sis

Neg

otia

ted

on a

case

by

case

basi

s

1 sp

ace

per

10 s

taff

(min

imum

of

2 sp

aces

)

1 sp

ace

per

4 st

aff a

nd 1

per

200

sq.m

. for

4 ba

ys p

lus

4% o

f tot

alca

paci

ty

3 ba

ys o

r6%

of t

otal

capa

city

whi

chev

eris

gre

ater

1 pe

rm

embe

r of

staf

f

1 pe

r m

embe

r of

staf

f1

per

mem

ber

ofst

aff

Crè

ches

, day

nurs

erie

s an

d da

yce

ntre

son

a c

ase

byca

se b

asis

.

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentvi

A Parking Standards

Co

mm

ents

Co

ach

esM

oto

rcyc

les

(Min

imu

m)

Bic

ycle

s(M

inim

um

)D

isab

led

Par

kin

gO

ther

Are

as(M

axim

um

)D

istr

ict

and

Lo

cal

Cen

tre

(Max

imu

m)

Tow

nC

entr

es(M

axim

um

)

Sp

ecifi

c L

and

Use

Bro

ad L

and

Use

Cla

ssD

rop

Off

(Min

imu

m)

Par

kin

g(M

inim

um

)O

ver

200

bay

s(M

inim

um

)

Up

to

200

bay

s(M

inim

um

)A

ll ar

eas

are

Gro

ss F

loo

r A

rea

un

less

oth

erw

ise

stat

edA

ll ar

eas

are

Gro

ss F

loo

r A

rea

un

less

oth

erw

ise

stat

edD

ay c

are

cent

res

may

requ

ire

visi

tors

(min

imum

of

2 sp

aces

)sp

aces

for

atte

ndee

s (1

spac

e pe

r 4

atte

ndee

s).

a) Cla

ssro

oms

incl

ude

any

1N

egot

iate

d on

aca

se b

y ca

seba

sis

(bas

ed o

nde

man

d fo

rsc

hool

bus

es)

1 sp

ace

per

10 s

taff

1 sp

ace

per

5 st

aff p

lus

1 sp

ace

per

3 st

uden

ts.

Cas

e by

case

bas

isC

ase

byca

se b

asis

2 sp

aces

per

clas

sroo

m2

spac

es p

ercl

assr

oom

1 sp

ace

per

clas

sroo

mS

choo

ls (

Prim

ary

and

Sec

onda

ry)

teac

hing

spac

e w

ithin

a sc

hool

incl

udin

gsu

ch th

ings

as g

yms,

scie

nce

room

s, d

ram

ast

udie

s, e

tc,

b) T

hese

stan

dard

s ar

eth

e st

artin

gpo

int b

utac

coun

tsh

ould

be

take

n of

varia

tions

betw

een

prim

ary

and

seco

ndar

ysc

hool

s an

dth

ose

with

Six

thF

orm

s

viiEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Parking Standards A

Co

mm

ents

Co

ach

esM

oto

rcyc

les

(Min

imu

m)

Bic

ycle

s(M

inim

um

)D

isab

led

Par

kin

gO

ther

Are

as(M

axim

um

)D

istr

ict

and

Lo

cal

Cen

tre

(Max

imu

m)

Tow

nC

entr

es(M

axim

um

)

Sp

ecifi

c L

and

Use

Bro

ad L

and

Use

Cla

ssD

rop

Off

(Min

imu

m)

Par

kin

g(M

inim

um

)O

ver

200

bay

s(M

inim

um

)

Up

to

200

bay

s(M

inim

um

)A

ll ar

eas

are

Gro

ss F

loo

r A

rea

un

less

oth

erw

ise

stat

edA

ll ar

eas

are

Gro

ss F

loo

r A

rea

un

less

oth

erw

ise

stat

edc)

Acc

ount

mus

t als

o be

take

n of

prev

ious

prov

isio

n at

any

scho

ols

that

may

be

repl

aced

by

the

new

faci

litie

s

d) D

rop-

off

spac

es to

be

dete

rmin

edon

a c

ase

byca

se b

asis

.

1N

egot

iate

d on

aca

se b

y ca

seba

sis

1 pe

r50

0sqm

,(m

inim

um o

f2

spac

es)

1 pe

r20

0sqm

,(m

inim

um o

f2

spac

es)

4 ba

ys p

lus

4% o

f tot

alca

paci

ty

3 ba

ys o

r6%

of t

otal

capa

city

whi

chev

eris

gre

ater

1 sp

ace

per

20 s

q.m

.1

spac

e pe

r 25

sq.m

.1

spac

e pe

r40

sq.

m.

Art

gal

lerie

s,m

useu

ms,

libr

arie

s

--

1 pe

r12

5sqm

,(m

inim

um o

f2

spac

es)

1 pe

r50

sqm

,(m

inim

um o

f2

spac

es)

4 ba

ys p

lus

4% o

f tot

alca

paci

ty

3 ba

ys o

r6%

of t

otal

capa

city

whi

chev

eris

gre

ater

1 sp

ace

per

5 sq

.m.

1 sp

ace

per 6

sq.

m.

1 sp

ace

per

10 s

q.m

.H

alls

and

pla

ces

ofw

orsh

ip

1N

egot

iate

d on

aca

se b

y ca

seba

sis

1 sp

ace

per

12 s

taff

plus

1 sp

ace

per

10 s

tude

nts

1 sp

ace

per

5 st

aff p

lus

1 sp

ace

per

3 st

uden

ts

Cas

e by

case

bas

isC

ase

byca

se b

asis

1 sp

ace

per

2 st

aff+

1sp

ace

per

15 s

tude

nts

1 sp

ace

per

2st

aff+

1 sp

ace

per

10 s

tude

nts

1 sp

ace

per

2 st

aff

Hig

her a

nd F

urth

erE

duca

tion

1N

egot

iate

d on

aca

se b

y ca

seba

sis

1 pe

r 50

seat

s(m

inim

um o

f2

spac

es)

1 pe

r 20

seat

s(m

inim

um o

f2

spac

es)

4 ba

ys p

lus

4% o

f tot

alca

paci

ty

3 ba

ys o

r6%

of t

otal

capa

city

whi

chev

eris

gre

ater

1 pe

r 5

seat

s1

per

6 se

ats

1 pe

r 10

seat

sC

inem

as, b

ingo

and

casi

nos,

conf

eren

cece

ntre

s, m

usic

and

conc

ert h

alls

Ass

emb

ly a

nd

leis

ure

D2

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentviii

A Parking Standards

Co

mm

ents

Co

ach

esM

oto

rcyc

les

(Min

imu

m)

Bic

ycle

s(M

inim

um

)D

isab

led

Par

kin

gO

ther

Are

as(M

axim

um

)D

istr

ict

and

Lo

cal

Cen

tre

(Max

imu

m)

Tow

nC

entr

es(M

axim

um

)

Sp

ecifi

c L

and

Use

Bro

ad L

and

Use

Cla

ssD

rop

Off

(Min

imu

m)

Par

kin

g(M

inim

um

)O

ver

200

bay

s(M

inim

um

)

Up

to

200

bay

s(M

inim

um

)A

ll ar

eas

are

Gro

ss F

loo

r A

rea

un

less

oth

erw

ise

stat

edA

ll ar

eas

are

Gro

ss F

loo

r A

rea

un

less

oth

erw

ise

stat

ed1

Neg

otia

ted

on a

case

by

case

basi

s

1 pe

r 50

seat

s(m

inim

um o

f2

spac

es)

1 pe

r 20

seat

s(m

inim

um o

f2

spac

es)

4 ba

ys p

lus

4% o

f tot

alca

paci

ty

3 ba

ys o

r6%

of t

otal

capa

city

whi

chev

eris

gre

ater

1 sp

ace

per

22 s

q.m

.1

spac

e pe

r 23

sq.m

.1

spac

e pe

r25

sq.

m.

Gen

eral

leis

ure:

Dan

ce h

alls

(bu

tno

t nig

ht c

lubs

),sw

imm

ing

bath

s,sk

atin

g rin

ks a

ndgy

mna

sium

s1

Neg

otia

ted

on a

case

by

case

basi

s

1 pe

r 50

seat

s(m

inim

um o

f2

spac

es)

1 pe

r 20

seat

s(m

inim

um o

f2

spac

es)

4 ba

ys p

lus

4% o

f tot

alca

paci

ty

3 ba

ys o

r6%

of t

otal

capa

city

whi

chev

eris

gre

ater

1 pe

r 5

seat

s1

per

6 se

ats

1 pe

r 10

seat

sT

heat

res

Mis

cella

neo

us

/ S

ui G

ener

is(E

xam

ple

s)

-

Exc

lude

sop

erat

iona

lsp

aces

suc

h

--

Min

imum

of

two

spac

es1

per

5 st

aff

4 ba

ys p

lus

4% o

f tot

alca

paci

ty

3 ba

ys o

r6%

of t

otal

capa

city

whi

chev

eris

gre

ater

1 sp

ace

per

50 s

q.m

.in

tern

alsh

owro

om

1 sp

ace

per

52sq

.m. i

nter

nal

show

room

1 sp

ace

per

60 s

q.m

.in

tern

alsh

owro

om

Mot

or c

arsh

owro

oms

as M

OT

spac

es,

exte

rnal

sal

esar

eas

and

stor

age.

Anc

illar

y re

tail

units

sho

uld

be a

sses

sed

sepa

rate

ly.

--

Min

imum

of

two

spac

es1

per

5 st

aff

-1

spac

em

inim

um1

spac

e pe

rpu

mp

1 sp

ace

per

pum

p1

spac

e pe

rpu

mp

Pet

rol F

illin

gS

tatio

ns

Not

e: if

coa

ch d

rop-

off s

pace

s ar

e pr

ovid

ed o

ff th

e pu

blic

hig

hway

, the

y m

ay b

e us

ed a

s co

ach

park

ing

spac

es

ixEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Parking Standards A

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentx

A Parking Standards

xiEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Accessibility Assessment System B

Appendix B Accessibility Assessment System

Minimum Accessibility Scores

This table sets out the required minimum accessibility scores. To see if a development meetsthese minimum scores, the “Accessibility Assessment Form” should be used

Minimumscore forvehicleaccess

Minimumscore for

publictransport

Minimumscore forcycling

Minimumscore forwalking

DevelopmentSize

Location(see keybelow)

DevelopmentType

3552Major & LargeTownCentre

A1 Retail

D2 Assembly &Leisure 2332Medium

2654Major & LargeOtherUrban

1434Medium

1432Major & LargeRural

1022Medium

3441AllTownCentre

A3 Restaurants& Cafés

1454AllOtherUrban

A4 DrinkingEstablishments

1432AllRuralA5 Hot FoodTakeaway

3552Major & LargeTownCentre

A2 FinancialandProfessionalServices 2542Medium

1 or 3 (2)654Major & LargeOtherUrbanB1 Business

1444Medium

1532Major & LargeRural

1432Medium

n/an/an/an/aMajor & LargeTownCentre

B2 IndustrialUses

1442Medium

1 or 3(2)532Major & LargeOtherUrban

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentxii

B Accessibility Assessment System

1422Medium

1532Major & LargeRural

1422Medium

n/an/an/an/aMajor & LargeTownCentre

B8 Storage anddistribution

1442Medium

1 or 3(2)532Major & LargeOtherUrban

1422Medium

1532Major & LargeRural

1422Medium

3552Major & LargeTownCentre

C1 Hotels

3532Medium

1554Major & LargeOtherUrban

1434Medium

1532Major & LargeRural

1422Medium

3544Major & LargeTownCentre

C3 DwellingHouses (Forflats with no

3532Medium‘internal1554Major & LargeOther

Urbancirculation’issues, e.g. nocar park, reduce

1534Mediumwalking andcyclingminimum by 1.)

1622Major & LargeRural

1522Medium

3552AllTownCentre

C2 and D1Residential andnon-residential

1654AllOtherUrban

institutions(medical

1532AllRuralcentres,museums andgalleries, publichalls andmeeting places)

xiiiEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Accessibility Assessment System B

Notes:

(1) Town Centres are as shown on the UDP/LDF proposals map, other urban areas urbanareas are those not in the Town Centres. Rural areas are the remaining areas.

(2) In locations outside of the town centres, if reduced parking standards can not be appliedwith on-street parking controls (score 3), then the maximum parking level may be sought(score 1)

Accessibility Assessment Form

ScorePointsAccess on foot

2YesHousing Development: Is the site within 800mof a district or local centre (see AccessibilityMaps)

Location

0No

Other development: Is the density of existinglocal housing (i.e. within 800m) more than 30houses per hectare (see Accessibility Maps)

1YesDoes ‘circulation’ and access inside the sitesreflect direct, safe and easy to use pedestrianroutes for all, with priority given topedestrians when they have to cross roadsor cycle routes?

Internal layout

0No

-1YesAre there barriers between site and localfacilities or housing, which restrict pedestrianaccess? E.g. no dropped kerbs at crossings

External layout

1No

or on desire lines; steep gradients; a lack ofa formal crossing where there is heavy traffic;security concerns, e.g. lack of lighting

Total Score

Minimum score required

Comments or action needed to correct any shortfall

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentxiv

B Accessibility Assessment System

ScorePointsAccess by Cycle

2YesHousing Development: Is the site within 1mileof a district or local centre (see AccessibilityMaps)

Location

0No

Other development: Is the density of existinglocal housing (e.g. within 1 mile) more than30 houses per hectare (see AccessibilityMaps)

1YesDoes ‘circulation’ and access inside the sitereflect direct and safe cycle routes, withpriority given to cyclists where they meetmotor vehicles?

Internal layout

0No

1YesIs the development within 400m of an existingor proposed designated cycle route (seeAccessibility Maps) and/ or proposes tocreate a link to a cycle route, or develop aroute.

ExternalAccess

-1No

1YesDevelopment includes shower facilities andlockers for cyclists

Other

0No

Total Score

Minimum score required

Comments or action needed to correct any shortfall

xvEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Accessibility Assessment System B

ScorePointsAccess by Public Transport

2YesIs the site within a 200m walk of a safe andconvenient walking distance of a bus or tramstop, and/or within 400m of a rail station?(See Accessibility Maps)

Location andaccess topublic transport 0No

0YesAre there barriers on direct and safepedestrian routes to bus or tram stops or railstations i.e.: a lack of dropped kerbs; 1No

pavements less than 2m wide; a lack offormal crossings where there is heavy traffic;bus access kerbs

2High (four or more bus or tram services ortrains an hour)

Frequency

1Medium (two or three bus or tram servicesor trains an hour)

0Low (less than two bus or tram services ortrains an hour)

1The proposal contributes to bus prioritymeasures serving the site

Other

1The proposal contributes to bus stops, businterchange, tram facilities or bus or railstations in the vicinity and/or provides busstops or bus interchange in the site

1The proposal contributes to an existing ornew supported bus service

Total Score

Minimum score required

Comments or action needed to correct any shortfall

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentxvi

B Accessibility Assessment System

ScorePointsParking

1The off-street parking provided is as advisedin Section 4 for that development type

Parking

2The off street parking provided is less than75% of the amount advised in Section 4 forthat development type (or Shares parkingprovision with another development).

For development in controlled parking zones:

1Is the proposal for a car free development?

1Does it supports the control or removal ofon-street parking spaces

(inc provision of disabled spaces) orcontributes to other identified measures inthe local parking strategy (including car clubs)

Total Score

Minimum score required

Comments or action needed to correct any shortfall.

xviiEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Accessibility Assessment System B

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentxviii

B Accessibility Assessment System

xixEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Accessibility Maps C

Appendix C Accessibility Maps

Accessibility Map1 - Housing Density - Knowsley north west

For use in completion of Accessibility Assessment Form in Appendix 2 (for non housingdevelopments only)

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentxx

C Accessibility Maps

Accessibility Map 2 - Housing Density - Knowsley north east

For use in completion of Accessibility Assessment Form in Appendix 2 (for non housingdevelopments only)

xxiEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Accessibility Maps C

Accessibility Map 3 - Housing Density - Knowsley central west

For use in completion of Accessibility Assessment Form in Appendix 2 (for non housingdevelopments only)

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentxxii

C Accessibility Maps

Accessibility Map 4 - Housing Density - Knowsley central east

For use in completion of Accessibility Assessment Form in Appendix 2 (for non housingdevelopments only)

xxiiiEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Accessibility Maps C

Accessibility Map 5 - Housing Density - Knowsley south west

For use in completion of Accessibility Assessment Form in Appendix 2 (for non housingdevelopments only)

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentxxiv

C Accessibility Maps

Accessibility Map 6 - Housing Density - Knowsley south east

For use in completion of Accessibility Assessment Form in Appendix 2 (for non housingdevelopments only)

xxvEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Accessibility Maps C

Accessibility Map 7 - Town and District and Local Centres

For use in completion of Accessibility Assessment Form in Appendix 2 (for housingdevelopments only)

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentxxvi

C Accessibility Maps

Accessibility Map 8 - Recreational Footpaths and Cycle Routes

For use in completion of Accessibility Assessment Form in Appendix 2 (Access by Cycle)

xxviiEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Accessibility Maps C

Accessibility Map 9 - Bus and Train Stops

For use in completion of Accessibility Assessment Form in Appendix 2 (Access by PublicTransport)

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentxxviii

C Accessibility Maps

xxixEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Contacts and Bibliography D

Appendix D Contacts and Bibliography

Planning and Transportation Division,

KMBC,

Archway Road,

Huyton,

Knowsley, L36 9FB.

Environment Protection Team,

KMBC,

Kirkby Municipal Buildings,

Cherryfield Drive,

Kirkby,

Knowsley.

Merseytravel Planning & Travel Wise,

24 Hatton Garden,

Liverpool, L3 2AN.

www.letstravelwise.org

Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment (CABE) www.cabe.org.uk/publications.aspx

The following have been used to develop this SPD all of which are available fromwww.communities.gov.uk):

Planning Policy Statement 1: Delivering Sustainable Development

Planning Policy Guidance 13: Transport

Planning Policy Statement 3: Housing

Planning Policy Statement 6: Planning for Town Centres

Planning Policy Statement 25: Development and Risk

Better Places to Live by Design: A Companion Guide to PPG3

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentxxx

D Contacts and Bibliography

In addition the following guidance has been used and may be useful:

North West of England Plan Regional Spatial Strategy to 2021 (RSS),2008http://www.4nw.org.uk/site/?page_id=470

Guidance on Transport Assessment: http://www.dft.gov.uk

Guidance for Travel Plans: http://www.dft.gov.uk

Smarter Choices: http://www.dft.gov.uk

Using the Planning Process to Secure Travel Plans-Best Practice for Local Authorities,Developers, and Occupiers: http://www.dft.gov.uk

Manual for Streets: http://www.dft.gov.uk

Natural England, Biodiversity by Design: A Guide for sustainable communities:http://www.naturalengland.org.uk/

Institute of Lighting Engineers http://www.ile.org.uk

Motorcycle parking - Traffic Advisory Leaflet 02/02 http://www.dft.gov/uk/pgr/roads/tpm/tal/parkingmatters/motorcycleparking

xxxiEnsuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Document Knowsley Borough Council

Contacts and Bibliography D

Knowsley Borough Council Ensuring A Choice of Travel Supplementary Planning Documentxxxii

D Contacts and Bibliography

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