support and movement

3
Support And Movement In Mammals Mammals have skeletons with two main parts- main axis (support) and limbs (appendages). The limbs are connected to the main axis by girdles. The skeletal system shown above is that of a human. For mammals however, the direction of the axial skeleton is usually horizontal. Most of the system is made of bone which itself is made of mineral compounds, such as calcium phosphate and magnesium salts. Although bone is hard, it contains collagen fibres which give it some amount of elasticity. A supply of food and oxygen is given to bones via blood vessels. Hence, bone contains living cells. The labelled skeleton of a human can be seen below.

Upload: bangiidaman

Post on 18-Aug-2015

215 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

DESCRIPTION

support in mammals

TRANSCRIPT

Support And Movement In MammalsMammals have skeletons with two main parts- main axis (support) and limbs (appendages).The limbs are connected to the main axis by girdles.The skeletal system shown above is that of a human. For mammals however the direction ofthe axial skeleton is usually hori!ontal. Most of the system is made of bone which itself is made of mineral compounds such as calcium phosphate and magnesium salts. "lthough bone is hard it contains collagen fibres which give it some amount of elasticity. " supply of food and oxygen is given to bones via blood vessels. #ence bone contains living cells.The labelled skeleton of a human can be seen below.Movement in the forearm$f course we all should know that our arms can be bent at the elbow. %ontraction of the biceps which is attached to the scapula at the top and the radius at the bottom pulls on the radius and ulna co the arm can bend. This bending is known as flexing and the biceps called flexor muscles.&ushing the reverse of pulling is done by the triceps which contract to extend the arm. These muscles are therefore called extensor muscles.These two muscles in the arm work together. 'hen one contracts the other relaxes. "s a result they are referred to as antagonistic muscles.-Tendons join muscles to bone and are made of collagen fibres so they do not stretch