Surface ChangesHoward Ignatius, “Delicate Arch, Arches National Park” May 1, 2009 via Flickr, Creative Commons attribution

Two Types of Changes

SlowoWeathering

oErosion

FastoVOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS

oEARTHQUAKES

oLANDSLIDES

oTSUNAMIS

Weathering

Physical or mechanical weathering

Frost WedgingWater expands when it

freezes

Thermal expansionRocks break due to

temperature changes

Exfoliation or unloading

Rocks break into sheets form expansion of rock

Glenn Scofield Williams, “The Art of Exfoliation” July 7, 2007 via Flickr, Creative Commons AttributionSamantha McGregor, “Weathering” October 5, 2009Samantha McGregor, “weathered roads” October 5, 2009

Chemical Weathering

Steve Barringer, “ Child Angel III-niño angel” March 24, 2009 via Flickr, Creative Commons NoDervs LicenseAndrew Stawerz, “Cheddar Caves-Mirror Pool” June 11, 2006 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

Andrea Schaffer, “Rust” March 10, 2007 via Flickr, creative commons Attribution

Biological Weathering

Roots of trees and other plants

Lichens, fungi, and other micro-organisms

Animals (including humans)

Waka Jawaka, ”Roots" August 23,2007 via Flickr, Creative Commons AttributionMike McCaffrey, “DSC N9622 Photographic Fungus” August 15, 2007 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

Erosion

Water ErosionRain and streams

Wind

ErosionSand dunes and

deserts

Smabs Sputzer, “Weir at Marple Dale” August 11, 2008 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution.Vyanchslav Argenberg,“Siq, Petra (2007-06-072)”September 6, 2007 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution.

Erosion Continued…

Ice ErosionGlaciers ( Great

Lakes)

Wave ErosionCoasts

Ricardo Martins, “Perito Moreno Glacier” April 30, 2007 via Flickr, Creative Commons AttributionKyknoord, “Line in the Sand” October 6, 2008 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

India Amos, “Eruption of Mount Vesuvius” April 17, 2008 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

Clipart from PowerPoint

Clipart from PowerPoint

Landslides

Downward movement of

materials (rock and soil)

Topple: Large parts of rock break off

Slide: large connected mass “slides” down a

slope

Barry Maynard,”Topple” December 2, 2008 via Flickr, Creative Commons AttributionBarry Maynard, “Slide” November 26, 2008 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

Landslides Continued

Debris avalanche• Rapid debris flow

Mudflow• Wet material flowing

rapidly in a downward

motion

Creep•Slow, steady downward

movement of rock and

soil

Barry Maynard, “Debris Avalanche” December 2, 2008 via Flickr, Creative Commons AttributionBarry Maynard, “Creep” December 2, 2008 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

Tsunamis

Clipart from PowerPoint

Write

1. Most interesting fact.

1. Something you’re curious about.

1. Favorite form of surface change.

Think About It…

The land changes constantly.

Many forms of natural

changes.

Humans contribute too!

-How do you think we’re

involved?Clipart from PowerPoint

CitationGore, Pamela J.W. "Weathering." Georgia Perimeter College. Georgia Perimeter

College, 5 Feb. 2002. Web. 5 Oct. 2009. <http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~pgore/

geology/geo101/weather.htm>.

Impacts and Effects of Volcanoes. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Oct. 2009.

<http://library.thinkquest.org/17457/volcanoes/effects.php>.

"Landslide Hazard Information-Causes, Pictures, Definition." Geology.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Oct. 2009. <http://geology.com/usgs/landslides/#>.

"Tsunamis and Earthquakes Life of a Tsunami." USGS Science for a changing world.

USGS, 22 Oct. 2008. Web. 5 Oct. 2009. <http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/tsunami/

basics.html>.

Wald, Lisa. "The Science of Earthquakes." USGS. N.p., 25 June 2009. Web. 5 Oct.

2009. <http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learning/kids/eqscience.php>.