surface water (lakes, streams, ponds, wetlands, etc.)

Surface Water(Lakes, streams, ponds, wetlands, etc.)

Surface Water(Lakes, streams, ponds, wetlands, etc.)

The total area from which a stream draws its water.

The boundaries of the drainage area are called drainage divides

The total area from which a stream draws its water.

The boundaries of the drainage area are called drainage divides

Drainage Basin(Watershed)

Drainage Basin(Watershed)

Major North

American Drainage Basins & Divides

Major North

American Drainage Basins & Divides

Discharge:17,500 m3/sec

Colorado River Colorado River Drainage BasinDrainage Basin

Continental Continental DivideDivide

Bottom Line:Bottom Line:

• Know your watershed - everything that is in the watershed can end up in the stream.

• The precipitation, evaporation, and % runoff of the basin will determine how much water is available.

Groundwater

Groundwater

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GW Recharge Area(Infiltration)

GW Discharge

GW Flow

Porosity = The percent void space in a rock or

sediment

Porosity = The percent void space in a rock or

sediment

Permeability = The ability of a material to transmit

a fluid

Permeability = The ability of a material to transmit

a fluid

Unsaturated Zone:Unsaturated Zone:Pores include both air and water

Saturated Zone:Saturated Zone:Pores filled with

water

Groundwater Table

Groundwater

Recharge

Groundwater

Recharge

AquiferAquifer

= A geologic unit capable of storing and transmitting water in sufficient quantities to

supply wells

Generally not an “underground cave”

= A geologic unit capable of storing and transmitting water in sufficient quantities to

supply wells

Generally not an “underground cave”

Groundwater Flow & Discharge

Groundwater Flow & Discharge



U.S. Groundwater Withdrawals: 1950-1995U.S. Groundwater Withdrawals: 1950-1995

Groundwater ImpactsGroundwater Impacts

1. Groundwater depletion

2. Land subsidence

3. Saltwater intrusion

Groundwater Use and SupplyGroundwater Use and Supply



2. Land subsidence




2. Land subsidence


Venice, Italy



2. Land subsidence


San Joaquin Valley, CA

The Winter Park Sinkhole, FloridaThe Winter Park Sinkhole, Florida

(Photo by Leif (Photo by Leif Skoogfors)Skoogfors)



2. Land subsidence


SolutionsSolutions

Find Moreor

Use Less

SolutionsFinding More Water


1. Enhanced Recharge2. Other Sources

• Desalination• Icebergs

3. Dams

Recharge Pond, Long Island





3. Dams

Desalination Plant





3. Dams

Icebergs





3. Dams

Ross Dam, WA



SolutionsUsing Less Water


1. Use Less Water2. Improved Efficiency

• Agriculture• Home Use

3. Water Reclamation & Reuse








Grow Local








Drip Irrigation






QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.





SolutionsUsing Less

Water

SolutionsUsing Less

Water



3. Water Reclamation & Reuse QuickTime™ and a

TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.



Rooftop Harvesting - King Street Center, Seattle

surface water (lakes, streams, ponds, wetlands, etc.)

Documents