surface water monitoring in latvia - macrozoobenthos didzis levans natalja grudule state agency...
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Surface water Surface water monitoring monitoring in in Latvia - macrozoobenthosLatvia - macrozoobenthos
Didzis LevansDidzis Levans
Natalja GruduleNatalja Grudule
State agency "Latvian Environment, geology State agency "Latvian Environment, geology and meteorology agency (LEGMA)and meteorology agency (LEGMA)
Surface Surface water mwater monitoring onitoring programs programs of Latvia (of Latvia (LEGMALEGMA))
National surface water monitoring National surface water monitoring programprogram
ICP-Waters ICP-Waters andand ICP-IM program ICP-IM programs s
Data are sent to EIONET Data are sent to EIONET ((EUROWATERNETEUROWATERNET))
National surface water monitoring National surface water monitoring (LEGMA) (LEGMA)
Linked to the EU Water Framework Linked to the EU Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC)Directive (2000/60/EC)
Based on the “Law on Water Based on the “Law on Water management” designates four river basin management” designates four river basin districts (RBD) for Latvia:districts (RBD) for Latvia:
• VentaVenta River Basin DistrictRiver Basin District• LielupeLielupe River Basin District River Basin District• Gauja Gauja River Basin DistrictRiver Basin District• DaugavaDaugava River Basin District River Basin District
BackgroundBackground of the National surface of the National surface water monitoring program with water monitoring program with respect to macrozoobenthosrespect to macrozoobenthos
Sampling frequency - once a year Sampling frequency - once a year
Spring or autumn Spring or autumn
Total sampling sites – 245 (rivers and Total sampling sites – 245 (rivers and lakes)lakes)
Composition andComposition and abundance ofabundance of benthicbenthic macromacroinvertebrateinvertebrate faunafauna (species level) (species level)
River Basin River Basin DistrictsDistricts
Total number Total number of riversof rivers
Total number Total number of lakesof lakes
GaujaGauja 2424 88
DaugavaDaugava 4141 8787
LielupeLielupe 2828 66
VentaVenta 3434 1717
Total number of sampling sites for macrozoobenthos in 2007
Sampling methodsSampling methods
The methods are used for the rhitral and potamal The methods are used for the rhitral and potamal reaches of riversreaches of rivers
Macroinvertebrate samples are collected with Macroinvertebrate samples are collected with hand-net (frame size 25 x 25 cm; mesh size of 0.5 hand-net (frame size 25 x 25 cm; mesh size of 0.5 mm)mm)
In the selected stretches of rivers 10 individual In the selected stretches of rivers 10 individual macroinvertebrate samples by means of kick macroinvertebrate samples by means of kick sampling are takensampling are taken
Samples are fixed in etanol (70%) solutionSamples are fixed in etanol (70%) solution APHA (USA standard methods)APHA (USA standard methods)
tthe individual samples are taken according to the he individual samples are taken according to the occurrence of all biotopesoccurrence of all biotopes in small rivers in small rivers;;
If the rivers are deeper than 1 meter, the If the rivers are deeper than 1 meter, the samples are taken only in costal partssamples are taken only in costal parts
ICP-IM ICP-IM andand ICP-Waters program ICP-Waters programss
Physically chemical parameters,Physically chemical parameters, 12 12 times per yeartimes per year
Heavy metalsHeavy metals - 6 - 6 per yearper year
Biological quality elements - Biological quality elements - mamacroinvertebratescroinvertebrates - 2 - 2 per yearper year
ICP and IM monitoring stationsICP and IM monitoring stations1- Rucava; 2 – Amula,
3 – Zvirbuļi, 4 – Tērvete, 5 – L. Jugla, 6 – Taurene, 7 - Tūlija
ICP-Waters monitoring sitesICP-Waters monitoring sites
Five sampling points:Five sampling points:
Lielā JuglaLielā Jugla, 0,2 km upstream to Zaķi , 0,2 km upstream to Zaķi (Daugava River basin)(Daugava River basin)
TerveteTervete, upstream to Tervete (village) , upstream to Tervete (village) (Lielupe River Basin)(Lielupe River Basin)
Stream of ZvirbuļiStream of Zvirbuļi, Ķemeru Bog, , Ķemeru Bog, (Lielupe (Lielupe River Basin)River Basin)
AmulaAmula (mouth) (mouth) (Venta River Basin)(Venta River Basin) TulijaTulija 0,3 km upstream to Zosēni0,3 km upstream to Zosēni (Gauja River (Gauja River
Basin)Basin)
ObservationsObservations used for assessment used for assessment
StationStation Observations Observations programmeprogramme
Type of Type of observationsobservations
StartedStarted
(chem.)(chem.)
Stream Tūlija – Stream Tūlija – st. Zosēni st. Zosēni
ICP-WatersICP-Waters Water chemistryWater chemistry
MacroinvertebratesMacroinvertebrates19461946
River L. Jugla – River L. Jugla – st. Zaķi st. Zaķi
ICP-WatersICP-Waters Water chemistryWater chemistry
MacroinvertebratesMacroinvertebrates19541954
Stream Stream ZvirbuļiZvirbuļi
ICP-WatersICP-Waters Water chemistryWater chemistry
MacroinvertebratesMacroinvertebrates19671967
River Amula –River Amula –river mouth river mouth
ICP-WatersICP-Waters Water chemistryWater chemistry
MacroinvertebratesMacroinvertebrates20012001
River Tērvete–River Tērvete–river mouthriver mouth
ICP-WatersICP-Waters Water chemistryWater chemistry
MacroinvertebratesMacroinvertebrates20012001
The methods for ICP monitoringThe methods for ICP monitoring
For ICP Waters, qualitative samples For ICP Waters, qualitative samples of invertebrate fauna from streams of invertebrate fauna from streams or rivers are usedor rivers are used
Absence or presence of indicator Absence or presence of indicator species reflect the water species reflect the water qualityquality
The methods are the same as used The methods are the same as used for the Integrated monitoringfor the Integrated monitoring
Integrated monitoringIntegrated monitoring
There are only two There are only two sampling stations: sampling stations: Taurene and Taurene and RucavaRucava
The samples are The samples are collected twice a collected twice a year - in spring and year - in spring and autumnautumn
Composition andComposition and abundance ofabundance of benthicbenthic macromacroinvertebrateinvertebrate faunafauna (species level) (species level)
Additional oAdditional observationsbservations used for used for assessment within ICP-IM assessment within ICP-IM
StationStation Observations Observations programmeprogramme
Type of Type of observationsobservations
StartedStarted
RucavaRucava GAW/EMEPGAW/EMEP
ICP-IMICP-IMDepositions;Depositions;
Precipitation Precipitation chemistry;chemistry;
Soil, water Soil, water biologybiology
19851985
ZosēniZosēni GAW/EMEPGAW/EMEP
ICP-IMICP-IMDepositions;Depositions;
Precipitation Precipitation chemistry;chemistry;
Soil, waterSoil, water
biologybiology
19951995
The methods for Integrated The methods for Integrated MonitoringMonitoring
Macrozoobenthos samples are taken from hard Macrozoobenthos samples are taken from hard bottoms of rifflesbottoms of riffles
An adequate sampling site often covers a stream An adequate sampling site often covers a stream length of 10 times the width of the streamlength of 10 times the width of the stream
Samples are colleced using the kick-sampling Samples are colleced using the kick-sampling method using a hand-netmethod using a hand-net
Kick-sampling can be performed in waters with Kick-sampling can be performed in waters with velocities of 0.1 - 1 m/s and down to 1 m depthvelocities of 0.1 - 1 m/s and down to 1 m depth
The methods for Integrated The methods for Integrated MonitoringMonitoring
Sampling net (frame size 0.25 x 25 cm; a mesh Sampling net (frame size 0.25 x 25 cm; a mesh size of 0.5 mm)size of 0.5 mm)
Sample are transfered into 1 litre jars containing Sample are transfered into 1 litre jars containing 96 % ethanol solution96 % ethanol solution
In laboratory the specimens are identified mainly In laboratory the specimens are identified mainly to the species levelto the species level
Density (ind/mDensity (ind/m22) and biomass (g/m) and biomass (g/m22) are ) are estimated and also the Shannon-Wiener diversity estimated and also the Shannon-Wiener diversity index calculatedindex calculated
References how to identify References how to identify the species to family level:the species to family level:
1.1. 1 1 Edington J.M., Hildrew A.G. Edington J.M., Hildrew A.G. Caseless Caddis Larvae (Trichoptera)Caseless Caddis Larvae (Trichoptera).. A A Revised Key to the Caseless Caddis Larvae of the British Isles, with Notes on Revised Key to the Caseless Caddis Larvae of the British Isles, with Notes on their Ecology, 1995, 134pp.their Ecology, 1995, 134pp. SP 53. SP 53.
2.2. Macan T.T. Macan T.T. Gastropods.Gastropods. A Key to the British Fresh- and Brackish-Water A Key to the British Fresh- and Brackish-Water Gastropods, with Notes on their Ecology, Fourth edition, 1977 (reprinted 1994), Gastropods, with Notes on their Ecology, Fourth edition, 1977 (reprinted 1994), 46pp.46pp. SP 13. SP 13.
3.3. Savage Savage A.A. A.A. Larval CorixidaeLarval Corixidae, , 1999, 56pp.1999, 56pp. SP 57. SP 57. 4. Elliott J.M., Humpesch U.H., Macan4. Elliott J.M., Humpesch U.H., Macan T.T.T.T. Larval Mayflies (Ephemeroptera)Larval Mayflies (Ephemeroptera)
Larvae of the British Ephemeroptera: a Key with Ecological NotesLarvae of the British Ephemeroptera: a Key with Ecological Notes , , 1988, 145pp.1988, 145pp. SP 49.SP 49.
55.. Elliott Elliott J.M. J.M. Alderflies, Lacewings and Spongeflies.Alderflies, Lacewings and Spongeflies. British Freshwater British Freshwater Megaloptera and Neuroptera: a Key with Ecological Notes, 1996, 69pp.Megaloptera and Neuroptera: a Key with Ecological Notes, 1996, 69pp. SP 54. SP 54.
6. Cranston6. Cranston P.S.P.S. Orthocladiinae Larvae (Chironomidae).Orthocladiinae Larvae (Chironomidae). A Key to the Larvae A Key to the Larvae of the British Orthocladiinae (Chironomidae)of the British Orthocladiinae (Chironomidae) , , 1982, 152pp.1982, 152pp. SP 45. SP 45.
References how to identify References how to identify the species to family level:the species to family level:
7. 7. Mundy Mundy S.P. S.P. Bryozoans. Bryozoans. A Key to the British and European Freshwater A Key to the British and European Freshwater Bryozoans, 1980, 31pp.Bryozoans, 1980, 31pp. SP 41. SP 41.
8.8. Gledhill T., Sutcliffe D.W., Williams Gledhill T., Sutcliffe D.W., Williams W.D. W.D. Malacostracan Malacostracan Crustaceans.Crustaceans. British Freshwater Crustacea Malacostraca: a Key with British Freshwater Crustacea Malacostraca: a Key with Ecological Notes, 1993, 176pp.Ecological Notes, 1993, 176pp. SP 52. SP 52.
9. 9. Hynes Hynes H.B.N. H.B.N. StonefliesStoneflies. . A Key to the Adults and Nymphs of the A Key to the Adults and Nymphs of the British Stoneflies (Plecoptera), with Notes on their Ecology and British Stoneflies (Plecoptera), with Notes on their Ecology and Distribution, Third edition, 1977 (reprinted 1993), 92pp.Distribution, Third edition, 1977 (reprinted 1993), 92pp. SP 17. SP 17.
10. 10. Nilsson, A. (ed.) Nilsson, A. (ed.): : Aquatic Insects of North EuropeAquatic Insects of North Europe.. Vol. 1:Vol. 1: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Heteroptera, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Heteroptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Coleoptera, Trichoptera and Lepidoptera. 1996. Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Coleoptera, Trichoptera and Lepidoptera. 1996. 274 pages. 274 pages. Vol. 2:Vol. 2: Odonata and Diptera. 1997. 440 pages. Odonata and Diptera. 1997. 440 pages.
11.11. Swedish Environmental Protection Agency Envinonmental Quality Swedish Environmental Protection Agency Envinonmental Quality Criteria, Lakes and Watercourses, Report 5050, 2000.Criteria, Lakes and Watercourses, Report 5050, 2000.
Quality assessmentQuality assessment
The following monitoring data isThe following monitoring data is usedused to to define parametric values of indicative define parametric values of indicative parameters that characterise chemicalparameters that characterise chemical elements elements of ecological status and biological element - of ecological status and biological element - Saprobity indexSaprobity index acc. to Sladecek. acc. to Sladecek.
National catalogue of indicator species of National catalogue of indicator species of feshwater saprobity established in 1995.feshwater saprobity established in 1995.
The Final reports of the project ''Transposition and The Final reports of the project ''Transposition and Implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive Implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive
in Latvia'' funded by the DEPA ( DANCEE)in Latvia'' funded by the DEPA ( DANCEE)
Classification and presentation of status ofClassification and presentation of status of waters (including proposal for surface wat waters (including proposal for surface water reference conditions and network )er reference conditions and network );;
http://http://wwwwww..vidmvidm..govgov.lv/.lv/engeng/projekti/es_vides_projekti/?/projekti/es_vides_projekti/?docdoc=3315=3315