surveillance and broadcast services

Federal AviationAdministrationSurveillance and

Broadcast ServicesAutomatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) Overview

By: Robert Nichols

Date: August 8, 2008

2Federal AviationAdministration

Surveillance and Broadcast Services

• NextGen• Overview• Dual Track Strategy• Essential Services• Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM)

Status• Next Steps

Agenda



ADS-B SWIM DATA COMM NNEW NVS

Trajectory Based Operations XX XX XX XX XX

High Density Arr/Dep Terminals and Airports XX XX XX XX XX

Flexible Terminals and Airports XX XX XX XX XX

Collaborative ATM XX XX XX XX

Reduce Weather Impacts XX XX XX XX XX

Safety, Security and Environment XX XX XX

Transform Facilities XX XX XX

XX XX XX XX

XX XX XX

Air Traffic Operations

Aircraft & OperatorRequirements

Airport Development

NextGen Transformational Program Integration

NNEW = NextGen Network Enabled Weather; NVS = NAS Voice Switch



Overview: Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B)

• Automatic– Periodically transmits information with no

pilot or operator input required

• Dependent– Position and velocity vector are derived

from the Global Positioning System (GPS)

• Surveillance -– A method of determining position of

aircraft, vehicles, or other asset

• Broadcast– Transmitted information available to

anyone with the appropriate receiving equipment



Overview: Traffic Information Service - Broadcast / Flight Information Service - Broadcast

TIS-B is a service which provides ADS-B equipped aircraft with position reports from secondary surveillance radar on non-ADS-B equipped aircraft.

FIS-B transmits graphical National Weather Service products, temporary flight restrictions (TFRs), and special use airspace.



Overview: Initial ADS-B Services and Applications

Services:

Surveillance Broadcast Services (En Route, Terminal, Surface)

Traffic / Flight Information Broadcast Services

Applications:

Enhanced Visual Acquisition

Enhanced Visual Approaches

Final Approach and Runway Occupancy Awareness

Airport Surface Situational Awareness

Conflict Detection

Merging and Spacing

Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI) Assisted Visual Separation (CAVS)



ADS-B Out: ATC Separation Services - Current Conditions (High)



ADS-B Out: ATC Separation Services - ADS-B Enabled (High)



ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Enhanced Visual Acquisition



ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Enhanced Visual Approaches



ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Final Approach and Runway Occupancy



ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Airport Surface Situational Awareness



ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Conflict Detection



ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Merging and Spacing



ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI) Assisted Visual Separation (CAVS)

Scattered clouds

Glare

Night w/ background lights



Deploy Ground

Infrastructure

Essential Services ISD

Dual Track Strategy

Ground Infrastructure

Avionics Equipage

Acquisition Planning

Acquisition Execution

RPR Phase I

RPR Phase 2

NPRMRPR

Phase 3Final Rule

Pre-NPRM Separation Standards Modeling

Separation Standards Approval

Test Ground Infrastructure /

Voluntary Avionics Equipage

Initial Operating Capability

Critical Services

ISD

Avionics Equipage

Begins

2/2006 – 11/2006

4/2006 – 9/2006 10/2007

1/2007 – 8/2007

11/2006 – 8/2007

4/2010

10/2009 – 4/2010 9/2010

4/2010 5/20103/2008 – 2/2009

2/2008 – 1/2009 4/2008 – 3/2010

= In Process= Completed

Ground Infrastructure Deployment

2010 – 2013

Avionics Equipage

2010 – 2020

RPR = Rulemaking Project Record; NPRM = Notice of Proposed Rulemaking; ISD = In-Service Decision

11/2008



Ground Infrastructure: 794 Ground Station Solution Provides National Coverage



Key Site Service Volume 168

SV-168 UAT – Overview (TIS-B and FIS-B)

SV-168 1090ES – Overview (TIS-B)



SV168-08 Lakeland Linder Regional AirportSV168-10 Sebastian Municipal Airport - On Air

SV168-06 Boca Raton Airport

SV168-03 Dade-Collier Training and Transition Airport

SV168-02 Florida Keys Marathon Airport

ZJX (On Air)

ZMA & MIA (On Air)

SV168-09 Hardee - On Air

SV168-11 St Cloud (Univision) - On Air

SV168-05 Hobe Sound - On Air

SV168-07 Okeechobee - On Air

SV168-01 Key West (Beach TV) - On Air

SV168-04 Homestead (Dade Marina) - On Air

Construction to start 7/307460 Approved

7460 ApprovedCOW Operational on 7/30

7460 Approved. NOTAM required prior to startCOW Ready on Site

Permit ready 7/29. Construction expected to start week of 8/3 (Pending airport approval)

7460 Approved

NOTAM expected issuance on 7/30Operational 8/1 if the NOTAM is issued

Essential Services: Miami Scheduled Site Readiness Dates


For Official Use Only20Federal Aviation

Administration

Hardee Radio Station Installation



Administration

Key West Installation

SV168-01 Key West (Beach TV) Radio Cabinet on Platform

SV168-01 Key West (Beach TV) Radio Cabinet Installed on Platform

SV168-01 Key West (Beach TV) Antenna Array

Note: The Key West site is in a flood plain, so a raised structure was required



Administration

Essential Services: Cell on Wheels Sites

SV168-03 (Dade-Collier T&T Airport) Cell on Wheels in Place



Administration

Essential Services: Cell on Wheels Sites

SV168-02 (Marathon Airport) Cell on Wheels in Place (not extended, required NOTAM in work)



Administration

Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) Summary• All aircraft operating in the following airspace

would have to meet the proposed performance requirements for ADS-B Out:– Class A, B and C airspace – All airspace at and above 10,000 feet MSL over the 48

contiguous United States and the District of Columbia– Within 30 nautical miles of airports listed in 41 CFR Part 91,

Appendix D, from the surface up to 10,000 feet MSL– Class E airspace over the Gulf of Mexico from the coastline of

the United States out to 12 nautical miles, at and above 3,000 feet MSL



Administration

Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) Status• The Aviation Rulemaking Committee (ARC) Was Chartered in July 2007

– As an initial tasking before the publication of the NPRM, the ARC would serve as a platform for the development of a report on how operational benefits of ADS-B could be optimized before compliance with a nationwide ADS-B mandate. This report was delivered to the FAA in October 2007.

– Once the NPRM has been published and reviewed by the ARC, the ARC would make specific recommendations to the FAA about any changes that should be made to the proposed language in the NPRM. The ARC is scheduled to provide NPRM recommendations to the FAA in September 2008.

• The NPRM comment period closed on March 3, 2008

• The FAA has categorized the comments that were received– Number of Submittals (excluding FAA / DOT) = 172

• Excludes duplicates, Department of Transportation and requests for extension– Number of Comments = 1,372 (101 positive, 1,271 non-positive)– Number of Issues = 85



Administration

ARC Member OrganizationsOrganization Organization

Air Transport Association (ATA) International Air Transport Association (IATA)

Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA) Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Airbus MITRE / CAASD

Air Line Pilots Association (ALPA) National Air Traffic Controllers Association (NATCA)

Alaska Airlines National Business Aviation Association (NBAA)

Aviation Communication and Surveillance Systems, LLC (ACSS)

Regional Airline Association (RAA)

The Boeing Company Rockwell Collins

Cessna Aircraft Company Southwest Airlines

Department of Defense (DoD) United Airlines

Joint Planning and Development Office (JPDO) UPS

Federal Express

Garmin

General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA)



Administration

Milestone Planned Date of Completion / Status

FY2009

In Service Decision for Broadcast Services November 2008

Gulf of Mexico Weather Service Acceptance Test (SAT) March 2009

Louisville Service Acceptance Test (SAT) April 2009

Gulf of Mexico Service Acceptance Test (SAT) June 2009

Philadelphia Service Acceptance Test (SAT) August 2009

Gulf of Mexico Comm. and Weather Initial Operating Capability (IOC) September 2009

FY2010

Juneau Service Acceptance Test (SAT) October 2009

Louisville IOC of Surveillance Services October 2009

Gulf of Mexico IOC of Surveillance Services December 2009

Philadelphia IOC of Surveillance Services February 2010

Final Rule Published April 2010

Juneau IOC of Surveillance Services April 2010

Surveillance Services ISD for ADS-B September 2010

Next Steps: FY2009 / FY2010 Schedule



Administration

Backup



Administration

Significant Comment SummarySignificant Comments

Insufficient Benefits to Operators

ATC surveillance should be offered in expanded airspace i.e., to lower altitudes (AOPA)

ATC surveillance should support closer separation than radar (ATA)

FAA should provide financial incentives (ATA, Boeing, Airbus, AOPA)

FAA should define ADS-B In applications that provide direct benefits to operators (ATA, Boeing, Airbus)

Disagree with Required Performance and Schedule

FAA should require lower performance requirements, and accelerate implementation. Requirements should be based on Australia/Canada/European non-radar airspace application, which would accommodate many current aircraft (ATA, Boeing, Airbus)

FAA should defer any rule supporting ADS-B In applications until requirements for additional applications are more mature (ATA, Boeing, Airbus)

FAA should require ADS-B In, particularly for surface safety applications, and accelerate implementation (ALPA, NTSB)

FAA should specify requirements based on airspace, rather than one-size-fits-all. i.e., reduced requirements in non-radar airspace, airborne vs surface. (AOPA, ATA, Boeing, Airbus)

Equipment Strategy

Dual-link architecture limits a complete traffic picture to within coverage of ground systems, raising safety, international compatibility concerns and some question whether the architecture can be extended to NextGen applications. Support single-link, 1090 (Boeing, ATA, Airbus)

FAA needs to reconsider the transponder requirement and back-up surveillance strategy. Support single-link for general aviation: On UAT, would affect TCAS and radar (AOPA)

Reconsider WAAS as only the currently-available service supporting the rule: improve GPS constellation so that it is adequate (ATA)

Source: Bruce DeCleene Summary Memo, March 25, 2008



Administration

Significant Comment Summary

Significant Comments

National Security

DoD requires that certain traffic cannot broadcast ADS-B (e.g., VIP traffic): need to define provisions for accommodation (DoD)

Need to coordinate security vulnerability issues of civil traffic with DoD and DHS (DoD)

Regulatory Strategy

Place aircraft-related requirements in airworthiness rules to streamline adoption (ATA)

Add a forward-fit requirement to promote early equipage (GAMA)

Regulatory Evaluation

Costs are underestimated (ATA, Boeing)

Source: Bruce DeCleene Summary Memo, March 25, 2008

surveillance and broadcast services

Documents

broadcast servicesadsb

broadcast servicesoverview

secondary surveillance

initial adsb services

adsb equipped aircraft

nonadsb equipped

program baseline merging

atc separation services