survey ing 2019 : eu –us –aus ( #15146)œv.pdf · survey ing 2019 : eu –us –aus ( #15146)...
TRANSCRIPT
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TÜ
V A
US
TR
IA G
RO
UP
FROM CERTIFICATION TO COMMUNICATION
THE ROLE OF A CERTIFICATION BODY
Philippe Dewolfs | TÜV AUSTRIA | Copenhagen | 27 February 2020
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What do you see as the most pressing problem for the environment?
Survey ING 2019 : EU – US – AUS ( #15146)
Source : ING International Survey • Consumer choices in the circular economy • Nov 2019 • 15146 people surveyed • 13 EU countries + US + AUS
Excepted in Romania, plastic waste and climate change are the most pressing problems (in Romania, air pollution is the most pressing one)
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BIOplastics ?
BIOdegradable ?
BIObased ?
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bio-based or biodegradable / compostable ?
RenewableRaw Material
CO2 H20Biomass
End Product,Packaging
Cellulose,Starch,
PLA
Production
Conversion
Extraction
Photosynthesis
Biodegradation
Intermediates
WASTE MANAGEMENTRESOURCES MANAGEMENT
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CO2 H20Biomass
End Product,Packaging
Cellulose,Starch,
PLA
Production
Conversion
Extraction
Photosynthesis
Biodegradation
Intermediates
bio-based or biodegradable / compostable ?
RenewableRaw Material
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biodegradable& compostable
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compostable or biodegradable ?
light (UV)
O2
water
specific
compostable in
industrial plant
biodegradable
in soil
biodegradable
in fresh water
biodegradable
in sea water
home
compostable
environment
industrial
composting plant
soil
fresh water
garden
green bin
sea
bacteria
microorganismsbiodegradable
triggergeneric
degradable
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compostable or biodegradable ?
“static”
-
solid
-
fungi
dynamic
-
liquid
managed
end-of-life
unmanaged
end-of-life
40 – 70 °C
20 - 30 °C
hig
h“a
mb
ien
t”
Testing
temperature
8 weeks
6 months
/
(option soluble)
12 weeks
6 months
24 months
12 months
3 months
/
6 months
Biodegradation
> 90%
Disintegration
> 90%
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criteria
compostable
biodegradable
not ecotoxic
no heavy
metals
disintegrableΣ=
characteristic
material
characteristic
finished product
made of that
material
&
degradation :
related to
environment
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tests Biodegradation (chemical)
Disintegration (physical)
Heavy metals
Ecotoxicity
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compostable products : market
• Short-live, thin, not recyclable/recycled products• Products facilitating the delivery of bio-waste to composting centres
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bio-based content
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bio-based or biodegradable / compostable ?
RenewableRaw Material
CO2 H20Biomass
End Product,Packaging
Cellulose,Starch,
PLA
Production
Conversion
Extraction
Photosynthesis
Biodegradation
Intermediates
WASTE MANAGEMENTRESOURCES MANAGEMENT
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Detailed view of budgets and fluxes in the global carbon cycle in the 1990s. Pre-industrial or ‘natural’ values are given in black, anthropogenic values in red. Source: IPCC
Carbon flux
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CO2 concentration
2006
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bio-based
CO2
1..10 years
Biomassphotosynthesis
Fossil resources(petroleum, natural gas)
> 1.000.000 years
Polymers, Chemicals
& FuelChemical industry
Source : Ramani Narayan ( Michigan State University )
Bio-chemicalindustry
% ?
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bio-based content vs bio-based carbon content
3 gPLA
7 gPP
= 30 %
EN 16785-1bio-based content
(since 2015)
50 %carbon= 1,5 g
86 %carbon= 6,0 g
1,5 g
1,5 g + 6,0 g= 20 %
ASTM 6866 – EN 16640bio-based carbon content
(since 2006)
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bio-based carbon content & carbon fraction
( bio
based
carb
on / t
ota
l carb
on )
( carbon / total product )
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Carbon Fraction
Bio
based
Carb
on
Co
nte
nt
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tests
Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC)
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) &
Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS).
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biobased products : new market
• Historical market ( bags / packaging / catering )
+ Long life products
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bio-based or biodegradable / compostable ?
PBATPLA
starch
PE
(oil)
PE
(sugar cane)
bio-basedoil-based
OXOfragmentable
bio
de
gra
da
ble
no
t b
iod
eg
rad
ab
le
en
d o
f lif
e
origin
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certification&
communication
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xxABOUT US PORTFOLIO INTERNATIONAL BRANDS REFERENCES
TÜV AUSTRIA is a leading, impartial and independent serviceprovider for integrated management of safety, quality,
environment and resources with international orientation
Autonomy and impartiality are the principles of our actions in the service of safety.
We are committed to performing our services in a socially and environmentally responsible and ethical way.
Our mission is the sustainable improvement of safety and quality.
VISION & MISSION
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assessment & monitoring
Assessment
Certification
Market
MonitoringConform ?
Corrective
Actions
Conform ?
| no |
| no |
| yes |
| yes |
Application
Corrective
Actions
Suspension
www
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from technic to logo
Technicalcontent
Easy to understand
Mark - Logo (B2C) -
Certificate (B2B)
Assessment report
Test report
A conformity mark translates complex technical mattersin an easy-to-understand message
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certifiable or not ?
OK compost : YOK biodegradable : N
tyre : OK biodegradable MARINE : Ndust : OK biodegradable MARINE : ?
OK compost : NOK biobased : Y
compostablevs
biodegradable
originvs
end of life
finished productvs
dust / resin
Y Yes
Y+ Yes with additional requirements (technical)
Y! Yes with restriction (communication)
N Not certifiable
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components – intermediates – finished products
Each level is
responsible &
liable for the
conformity of
its product
A raw material
B paper
C ink
D glue
ProducersA , B , C & D
T bread bag
AssemblersT
M film
N printedpapersheet
ConvertersM & N
TESTING MONITORING
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Biodegradable & bio-based are two different stories / concepts.
Being one does not automatically mean being the other.
Biodegradation (& disintegration) is always related to an environment.Being biodegradable in garden heap does means being biodegradable in soil.
It is not because a raw material is certified that products made of that material
are automatically certified.
A certification body gives more confidence to the statements.
1. Harmonise2. Evaluate3. Certify4. Communicate5. Monitor
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education first !
The sea begins here, do not litterThank you
okcompost.orgbiodegradability is never an excuse for littering !