suse linux 11 sp2 - fundamentals workbook.pdf

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A U T H O R I Z E D C O U R S E WA R E

SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 FundamentalsWorkbook

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Version 1Novell, Inc. Copyright 2012-NO PRINTING, COPYING, OR DISTRIBUTION ALLOWED.Part # 100-005291-001-REV A

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Novell, Inc. Copyright 2012-NO PRINTING, COPYING, OR DISTRIBUTION ALLOWED.

Contents

Introduction 7

Check the Media in Your Student Kit 7

Course Objectives 8

Set Up Your Practice Environment 8

Review the Setup Diagram 8

Check Hardware and Software Requirements 9

Install and Configure VMware Player 10

Copy the Virtual Machines to the Host Computer 12

Test Connectivity Between da1 and da-sled 12

Create the da1 and da-sled Machines Manually 13

Create and Install the da-sled SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 11 SP2 Virtual Machine 13

Create and Install the DA1 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 Virtual Machine 17

Review VMware Guidelines 21

How to Navigate in a VMware Virtual Machine Window 21

Exercise Conventions 22

SECTION 1 Getting to Know SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 23

Exercise 1-1 Perform Five Basic Tasks in Linux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Task I: Change Your Wallpaper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Task 2: Change Your Screen Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Task 3: Change Time and Date Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Task 4: Change Your Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Task 5: Create a Desktop Launcher (Shortcut). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Exercise 1-2 Add an Applet to and Remove an Applet from the Bottom Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Exercise 1-3 Use the GNOME File Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Part 1: Start Nautilus and Copy a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Part 2: Add an Emblem to the Copied File Icon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Part 3: Rename the Copied File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Part 4: Delete the Copied File. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Exercise 1-4 Access the Command Line Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Part 1: Check IP Address of each machine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Part 2: Open Communication Between Desktop and Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Part 3: Reset geekos Password to novell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SECTION 2 Locate and Use Help Resources 33

Exercise 2-1 Access and Use man Pages on da1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34


SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookExercise 2-2 Access and Use info Pages on da1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Exercise 2-3 Access Release Notes and White Paper Pages on da1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Task I: Access Release Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Task II: Install Howtos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Task III: Access Howtos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Exercise 2-4 Find Help on the Web on da1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Task I: Look for Patches at the Novell Web site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Task II: Use Google to Find Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

SECTION 3 Manage the Linux File System 39

Exercise 3-1 Explore the SUSE Linux File System Hierarchy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Exercise 3-2 Change Directories and List Directory Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Exercise 3-3 Create and View Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Exercise 3-4 Perform Multiple File Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Exercise 3-5 Find Files on Linux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Part I: Use the whereis and which Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Part II: Use the GNOME Search Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Part III: Use the find Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Exercise 3-6 Search File Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Detailed Steps to Complete this Exercise: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Exercise 3-7 Manage Folders with Nautilus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

SECTION 4 Work with the Linux Shell and Command Line 55

Exercise 4-1 Execute Commands at the Command Line on da-sled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Exercise 4-2 Perform Common Command Line Tasks on da-sled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Exercise 4-3 Work with Command Syntax and Special Characters on da-sled. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Task I: Change the Character Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Task II: Use Search Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Task III: Create Additional Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Task IV: Mask Special Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Exercise 4-4 Use Piping and Redirection on da-sled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

SECTION 5 Administer Linux with YaST 61

Exercise 5-1 Get to Know YaST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Part I: Start YaST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Part II: View the Content of a System Log File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Part III: Change Time and Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Part IV: Use the ncurses Interface of YaST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Exercise 5-2 Manage the Network Configuration Information from YaST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Part I: Get Your Current IP Address and Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Part II: Change the Networking Setup of VMware Player/Workstation. . . . . . . . . 64Part III: Enter a Static IP Address and Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

SECTION 6 Manage Users, Groups, and Permissions 67

Exercise 6-1 Manage User Accounts with YaST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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Part I: Create a New User Account with YaST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Part II: Log In as a New User . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Part III: View the /etc/passwd File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Part IV: Log In as User geeko and Remove the New User Account . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Exercise 6-2 Check User and Group Information on Your Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Exercise 6-3 Create and Manage Users and Groups from the Command Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Part I: Add a New User. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Part II: Create a Password for the New User . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Part III: Log In as New User and Change Your Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Part IV: Remove the New User Account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Exercise 6-4 Manage File Permissions and Ownership. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Part I: Create a Private and a Public Directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Part II: Try to Create a File as a Normal User in Both Directories . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

SECTION 7 Use Linux Text Editors 77

Exercise 7-1 Use vi to Edit Files in the Linux System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Part I: Enter a Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Part II: Edit a Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

SECTION 8 Manage Software with RPM 79

Exercise 8-1 Manage Software with YaST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Exercise 8-2 Manage Software with RPM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Task I: Get Information on Software Packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Task II: Install and Remove Software with RPM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Exercise 8-3 Manage Software with zypper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Task I: Add an Installation Source and Alias with zypper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Task II: Remove an Installation Source with zypper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Task III: Remove a Software Package with zypper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookCopying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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IntroductionIntroduction

This workbook is designed to help you practice the skills associated with SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP2 Fundamentals (Course 3115) objectives.

These skills, along with those taught in the SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP2 Administration (3116) prepare you to take the Novell Certified Linux Administrator 11 (Novell CLA 11) certification test.

Before starting the exercises in this workbook, you need to review the following:

Check the Media in Your Student Kit on page 7

Course Objectives on page 8

Set Up Your Practice Environment on page 8

Create the da1 and da-sled Machines Manually on page 13

Review VMware Guidelines on page 21

Exercise Conventions on page 22

Check the Media in Your Student Kit

Your kit for Course 3115 contains the following media:

Course 3115 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP2 Fundamentals Course DVD. This DVD contains the course manual in PDF format, this workbook in PDF format, and a readme file.

In addition, there are several folders with the following content:

Exercises. This folder contains files used for the course exercises.

Documents. This folder contains all the documentation guides referenced in the course manual.

Setup. This folder contains all the files you need to set up your practice environment.

VMs. This folder contains the Virtual Machines used in the course.

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP2 Product DVD

SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 11 SP2 Product DVDCopying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookCourse Objectives

In this course, you will do the following:

Become familiar with the Linux Desktop and confident in your ability to perform basic tasks in Linux.

Learn how to get help for all problems you might have.

Understand the structure of the Linux file system and how to work in the file system (e.g., copying and moving).

Learn how to work with the Linux Shell and Command Line Interface.

Learn how to manage software packages with the configuration tool YaST2.

Learn how to manage users, groups, and file permissions to ensure a basic file system security.

Learn how to edit configuration files with a graphical editor or the command line editor vi.

Learn how to manage software with RPM.

Set Up Your Practice Environment

Setting up your practice environment for doing the exercises in the workbook can take quite a while (sometimes up to two hours).

The exercises are based on running SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 11 SP2 and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP2 as VMware virtual machines (guests) on a Linux or Windows host machine.

Your time is spent preparing the host machine for the exercises (one hour) by performing tasks such as installing and configuring VMware software, and copying the da1 and da-sled virtual machines from the Course DVD to the host machine.

To set up this course, do the following:

Review the Setup Diagram on page 8

Check Hardware and Software Requirements on page 9

Install and Configure VMware Player on page 10

Copy the Virtual Machines to the Host Computer on page 12

Test Connectivity Between da1 and da-sled on page 12

Review the Setup Diagram

In this course, you use one host computer and two virtual machines. The setup of the practice environment is illustrated in the following:Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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IntroductionFigure Intro-1Setup Diagram

Check Hardware and Software Requirements

The following table lists the minimum hardware and software requirements for this course:Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookTable Intro-1 Hardware and Software Requirements

Install and Configure VMware Player

To make use of the Virtual Machines provided for this course, you need to have VMware Player (or VMware Workstation) installed on the host machine. Since VMware Player is a free download from VMware (http://www.vmware.com), we use that application throughout the course.

1. If youre installing VMware on a SLED 11 or SLES 11 workstation, use the Software Management module in YaST to install the C/C++ Compiler and Tools pattern, as shown below:

Setup Minimum Requirements

Hardware You need a host computer that meets the following requirements:

Pentium 4 - 2.8Ghz CPU (or faster)

Monitor and Graphics Card capable of displaying 1280x1024 (or higher) resolution

4 GB (or more) RAM

40 GB (or more) hard disk drive

CD/DVD drive

Make sure that the host computer is actually utilizing the full 4 GB of RAM. If not, exercises can run extremely slow or even stall a process.

Software To complete the setup of the host computer, you need the following software, software installation files, and DVD:

SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 11 SP2

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP2

You use this software to create the da1 and da-sled virtual machines.

VMware Player 3.1.x

Adobe Reader 9.x

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP2 Fundamentals Course DVD

The Course DVD contains software and files needed for setup and exercises.

Imaging SoftwareCopying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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IntroductionFigure Intro-2YaST Software Management in SLED 11 SP2

2. Install VMware Player on your host workstation.

NOTE: The course virtual machines are configured to run in Host-Only mode, preventing them from communicating on your physical network segment.

3. If youre running Windows 7, configure your Windows Firewall to allow PING requests:

a. Select Start > Control Panel > System and Security > Windows Firewall.b. On the left, select the Advanced Settings.

The Windows Firewall and Advanced Security dialog opens. c. In the Windows Firewall and Advanced Security dialog, on the left select

Inbound Rules, and on the right select New Rule.

The Inbound Rule Wizard opens.

d. Fill in the dialogs according to the following table:

Rule Type: Custom

Program: All programs

Protocol and Ports: Protocol type ICMPv4; then select Customize, select Specific ICMP types, check Echo Request and click OK.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookScope: Any IP address (remote and local)

Action: Allow the connection

Profile: Check all entries

Name: Ping

Copy the Virtual Machines to the Host Computer

You need to copy the da1 and da-sled virtual machines from the Course DVD to the host machine. To do that, do the following:

1. Insert the SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP2 Fundamentals Course DVD into the DVD drive.

2. Browse to the VMs directory on the Course DVD.

3. Extract the DA1.zip directory to the default virtual machine path on the Host machine.

4. Open VMware Player and select Open (or Open a Virtual Machine); then browse to and select the default_virtual_machine_path/da1/da1.vmx file.

The da1 Virtual Machine opens and starts up.

5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 for the da-sled virtual machine.

6. The Virtual Machines are now ready for use in the course.

Test Connectivity Between da1 and da-sled

Once the virtual machines have been copied to your host machine, you need to test the network configuration to be sure that they can connect to each other.

Test connectivity by doing the following:

1. From the da1 virtual machine log in prompt, log in as root with a password of novell.

2. From the da1 machine desktop, right click an open area of the desktop and select Open in Terminal.

3. At the command prompt, enter the following:

ping -c4 172.17.8.100

You should see four successful ping attempts.

4. At the command prompt, type exit and press Enter.

5. Repeat steps 1 and 2 for the da-sled virtual machine.

6. At the command prompt, enter the following:

ping -c4 172.17.8.101

You should see four successful ping attempts.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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Introduction7. At the command prompt, type exit and press Enter.

8. Shut down and power off each of the virtual machines.

Create the da1 and da-sled Machines Manually

If you would rather create the da1 and da-sled machines yourself, do the following:

Create and Install the da-sled SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 11 SP2 Virtual Machine on page 13

Create and Install the DA1 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 Virtual Machine on page 17

Create and Install the da-sled SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 11 SP2 Virtual Machine

To install SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop, do the following:

Part 1: Create the da-sled Virtual Machine on page 13

Part 2: Customize the Installation on page 14

Part 3: Copy Wallpaper Files to da-sled on page 16

Part 4: Shrink the da-sled Virtual Machine on page 16

Part 1: Create the da-sled Virtual Machine

To create a new virtual machine, do the following:

1. Insert the SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 11 SP2 Product DVD.

2. Start VMware Player, then click File > Create a New Virtual Machine.

3. In the Welcome to the New Virtual Machine Wizard screen, select Installer disc and make sure the correct Device is displayed (such as /dev/sr0), then click Next.

4. In the Easy Install Information dialog, enter the following information:

Full name: Geeko Chameleon User name: geeko

Password: novell

Confirm: novell

Click Next to continue.

NOTE: You should use an insecure password (such as novell) only for the purpose of training. Choose a more secure password on a live system.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / Workbook5. In the Name the Virtual Machine dialog, enter the following information:

Name: da-sled

Location: /path_of_your_choice/da-sled


6. In the Specify Disk Capacity dialog, specify a Maximum Disk size (in GB) of 16 and make sure that Split virtual disk into multiple files is selected.


7. In the Ready to Create Virtual Machine dialog, select Customize Hardware...

In the Hardware dialog, on the left select the Network Adapter entry and select Host only: A private network shared with the host.

In the same dialog, select the Memory entry and set the Memory for this virtual machine value to 512.

Click Save to return to the Ready to Create Virtual Machine dialog.

8. Make sure Automatically power on this virtual machine after creation is checked and click Finish to start the installation.

The Virtual Machine starts up and you are presented with the GRUB installation menu.

9. (Conditional) If a Software Updates dialog appears, click Remind me later.

10. SLED 11 SP2 is automatically installed based on the values you entered in the previous steps.

Wait for the installation to complete, which can take some time (ca. 30 to 60 minutes). When the installation is finished, the login screen appears.

TIP: To direct the input to the virtual machine, press Ctrl+g, or click inside the VMware Player window. To release the cursor, press Ctrl+Alt.

Part 2: Customize the Installation

To customize the installation, do the following:

1. Log in as root (password novell).

2. Start YaST by selecting Computer > YaST.

3. Select Software > Software Management.

4. In the Software Manager dialog, select Patterns from the drop-down menu in the top left corner.

Verify that the C/C++ Compiler and Tools pattern is checked. (If it is not, check it.)

5. Click Apply. Accept any license agreements or changed packages if prompted.

6. In YaST, select Network Devices > Network Settings.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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Introduction7. In the Network Settings dialog, on the Global Options tab, make sure Traditional Method with ifup is selected.

8. On the Overview tab of the Network Settings dialog, select the Ethernet Network Card and click Edit.

In the Network Card Setup dialog, on the Address tab, enter the following:

Statically assigned IP Address: (selected) IP Address: 172.17.8.100

Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0

Hostname: da-sled

Click Next to return to the Network Settings dialog

9. On the Hostname/DNS tab of the Network Settings dialog, enter the following.

Hostname: da-sled

Domain Name: digitalairlines.com

10. Click OK to close the Network Settings dialog.

11. Open a terminal window, and in an editor of your choice, add the following lines to the /etc/hosts file:172.17.8.100 da-sled.digitalairlines.com da-sled172.17.8.101 da1.digitalairlines.com da1

12. In the VMware Player menu, select Virtual Machine > Install VMware Tools. In the Software Updates dialog, select Download and Install.

Enter the hosts root password when prompted.

In the Question dialog, click Install.

13. A file browser window will open up on the da-sled desktop.

Double-click the VMwareTools...tar.gz entry.

14. In the dialog that opens up, right-click the vmware-toots-distrib entry and select Extract.

15. In the left pane, select File System, and in the right pane double-click /tmp.

Click Extract.

When you see the message Extraction completed successfully, click Close and close any open windows on your desktop.

16. Right-click on the desktop background and select Open in Terminal.

17. In the terminal window, enter /tmp/vmware-tools-distrib/vmware-install.pl.

Agree to the suggested paths and confirm any suggested answers to questions with yes or no, as applicable. Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookWhen prompted for the display size, enter the number corresponding to the 1024x768 resolution in the displayed list.

18. When the installation of VMware Tools is complete, reboot the da-sled machine to make sure it boots properly and everything is set as expected.

Part 3: Copy Wallpaper Files to da-sled

To successfully complete the exercises in this course, you need to copy the wallpaper files from the SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP2 Fundamentals Course DVD to da-sled. Do the following:

1. Log in as root with a password of novell.

2. Insert the SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 Fundamentals SP2 Course DVD.

3. From the da-sled machine, in the File Browser window, right-click the setup > Wallpaper directory.

4. From the menu, select Copy.

5. From the File Browser, browse to the /home/geeko/Documents directory. 6. Right-click an empty space in the right pane and select Paste.

7. When the files have finished copying, close all open windows and eject the DVD.

Part 4: Shrink the da-sled Virtual Machine

Before da-sled is ready for the classroom, use VMware Toolbox to shrink the size of the .vmdk virtual hard disk file.

1. Log in as root with a password of novell.

2. From the da-sled virtual machine, press Alt+F2.

A Run Application dialog box appears.

3. Enter vmware-toolbox, then click Run.

A VMware Tools Properties dialog appears.

4. Click the Shrink tab, then select the / (root) partition in the list and click Shrink.

A dialog appears asking if you want to prepare to shrink the disk.

5. Prepare the disk for shrinking by clicking Yes.

VMware Toolbox prepares the .vmdk file for shrinking, and then asks if you want to shrink the disk.

6. Shrink the partition by clicking Yes.

A dialog appears tracking the progress of shrinking the da-sled.vmdk file (this can take several minutes).

When the process is complete, a success dialog appears.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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Introduction7. Close the dialog by clicking OK.

8. Close the VMware Tools Properties dialog by clicking Close.

At this point, you should shut down and power off the da-sled desktop and copy the da-sled virtual machine files to a backup directory for safe-keeping.

Create and Install the DA1 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 Virtual Machine

To install SUSE Linux Enterprise Server on a virtual machine, do the following:

Part 1: Create the da1 Virtual Machine on page 17

Part 2: Customize the Installation on page 18

Part 3: Copy Wallpaper Files to da1 on page 20

Part 4: Shrink the da1 Virtual Machine on page 20

Part 1: Create the da1 Virtual Machine

To create a new virtual machine, do the following:

1. Insert the SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP2 Product DVD.

2. Start VMware Player, then click File > Create a New Virtual Machine.

3. In the Welcome to the New Virtual Machine Wizard screen, select Installer disc and make sure the correct Device is displayed (such as /dev/sr0).You should see the message This operating system will use Easy Install, which means that information such as a username and password are entered in VMware Player dialogs and then used to automate the installation.


4. In the Easy Install Information dialog, enter the following information:

Full name: Geeko Chameleon

User name: geeko

Password: novell Confirm: novell


NOTE: You should use an insecure password (such as novell) only for the purpose of training. Choose a more secure password on a live system.

5. In the Name the Virtual Machine dialog, enter the following information:

Name: da1

Location: /path_of_your_choice/da1

Click Next to continue.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / Workbook6. In the Specify Disk Capacity dialog, specify a Maximum Disk size (in GB) of 16 and make sure that Split virtual disk into multiple files is selected.


7. In the Ready to Create Virtual Machine dialog, select Customize Hardware...

In the Hardware dialog, on the left select the Network Adapter entry and select Host only: A private network shared with the host.

In the same dialog, select the Memory entry and set the Memory for this virtual machine value to 512.

Click Save to return to the Ready to Create Virtual Machine dialog.

8. Make sure Automatically power on this virtual machine after creation is checked and click Finish to start the installation.

The Virtual Machine starts up and you are presented with the GRUB installation menu.

9. (Conditional) If a Software Updates dialog appears, click Remind me later.

10. SLES 11 SP2 is automatically installed based on the values you entered in the previous steps.

Wait for the installation to complete, which can take some time (ca. 30 to 60 minutes). When the installation is finished, the login screen appears.

TIP: To direct the input to the virtual machine, press Ctrl+g or click inside the VMware Player window. To release the cursor, press Ctrl+Alt.

11. (Conditional) If the screen resolution is too big for your monitor, open a terminal window, log in as root, open a terminal window and run vmware-config-tools.pl. Adjust the screen size when prompted.

Part 2: Customize the Installation

To customize the installation, do the following:

1. Log in as root (password novell).

2. Start YaST by selecting Computer > YaST.

3. Select Software > Software Management.

4. In the Software Manager dialog, select View > Patterns from the drop-down menu in the top left corner.

Verify that the C/C++ Compiler and Tools pattern is checked. (If it is not, check it.)

Select the following Patterns:

File Server

Web and LAMP ServerCopying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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Introduction DHCP and DNS Server

Directory Server

Click Accept to continue.

Confirm the Automatic Changes dialog by clicking Continue.

5. In YaST, select Network Devices > Network Settings.

6. On the Overview tab of the Network Settings dialog, select the Ethernet Network Card and click Edit.

In the Network Card Setup dialog, on the Address tab, enter the following:

Statically assigned IP Address: (selected)

IP Address: 172.17.8.101 Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0

Hostname: da1

Click Next to return to the Network Settings dialog

7. On the Hostname/DNS tab of the Network Settings dialog, enter the following.

Hostname: da1

Domain Name: digitalairlines.com

8. Click OK to close the Network Settings dialog.

9. Open a terminal window, and in an editor of your choice, add the following lines to the /etc/hosts file:172.17.8.100 da-sled.digitalairlines.com da-sled172.17.8.101 da1.digitalairlines.com da1

10. Install the VMware Tools in the virtual machine.

NOTE: If the up-to-date VMware Tools were already available during installation, for instance because you installed da-sled as described previously and downloaded the latest version, the VMware Tools have already been installed as part of the automatic installation.

In this case, if you need to change the screen resolution, you can run vmware-config-tools.pl in a terminal window and adjust the resolution when prompted according to your needs. Otherwise the screen resolution will be adjusted as part of following the steps below.

Do the following:

a. In the VMware Player menu, select Virtual Machine > Install VMware Tools. In the Software Updates dialog, select Download and Install.Enter the hosts root password when prompted.

In the Question dialog, click Install.

b. A file browser window will open up on the da-sled desktop.

Double-click the VMwareTools...tar.gz entry.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / Workbookc. In the dialog that opens up, right-click the vmware-toots-distrib entry and select Extract.

d. In the left pane, select File System, and in the right pane double-click /tmp.

Click Extract.

When you see the message Extraction completed successfully, click Close and close any open windows on your desktop.

e. Right-click on the desktop background and select Open in Terminal.

f. In the terminal window, enter /tmp/vmware-tools-distrib/vmware-install.pl.

Agree to the suggested paths and confirm any suggested answers to questions with yes or no, as applicable.

When prompted for the display size, enter the number corresponding to the 1024x768 resolution in the displayed list.

11. When the installation of VMware Tools is complete, reboot the da1 machine to make sure it boots properly and everything is set as expected.

Part 3: Copy Wallpaper Files to da1

To successfully complete the exercises in this course, you need to copy the wallpaper files from the SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 Fundamentals Course DVD to da1. Do the following:

1. Insert the SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP2 Fundamentals Course DVD into the DVD drive of the host machine.

2. From the da1 machine, in the File Browser window, right-click the setup > Wallpaper directory.

3. From the menu, select Copy.

4. From the File Browser, browse to the /home/geeko/Documents directory (create the directory if it does not exist; make sure it belongs to the geeko user and the users group).

5. Right-click an empty space in the right pane and select Paste.

6. When the files have finished copying, close all open windows and eject the DVD.

Part 4: Shrink the da1 Virtual Machine

Before DA1 is ready for the classroom, use VMware Toolbox to shrink the size of the .vmdk virtual hard disk file.

1. From the DA1 virtual machine, press Alt+F2.

A Run Application dialog box appears.

2. Enter vmware-toolbox; then click Run.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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IntroductionA VMware Tools Properties dialog appears.

3. Click the Shrink tab, then select the / (root) partition in the list and click Shrink.

A dialog appears asking if you want to prepare to shrink the disk.

4. Prepare the disk for shrinking by clicking Yes.

VMware Toolbox prepares the .vmdk file for shrinking, and then asks if you want to shrink the disk.

5. Shrink the partition by clicking Yes.

A dialog appears tracking the progress of shrinking the DA1.vmdk file (this can take several minutes).

When the process is complete, a success dialog appears.

6. Close the dialog by clicking OK.

7. Close the VMware Tools Properties dialog by clicking Close.

At this point, you should shut down and power off the DA1 server; then copy the DA1 virtual machine files to a backup directory for safe-keeping.

Review VMware Guidelines

To complete the exercises in the course, you use VMware Player with two virtual machines.

How to Navigate in a VMware Virtual Machine Window

If a VMware virtual machine has a current version of VMware Tools installed, you can easily move out of (switch focus away from) a virtual machine window by moving the mouse pointer to the host computer desktop.

However, if VMware Tools is not installed (or not updated), you will need to switch (release) mouse and keyboard control to the host computer desktop by pressing Ctrl+Alt (or Ctrl+Shift+Alt).

The following are additional tips for navigating in a virtual machine window:

Click to change focus to the virtual machine window

To return mouse and keyboard control (change focus) to the VMware virtual machine window, select the VMware virtual machine window (or press Ctrl+G).

Use Ctrl+Alt+Insert instead of Ctrl+Alt+Delete

Pressing Ctrl+Alt+Insert (or Ctrl+Alt+Shift+Insert) in a VMWare virtual machine is the same as pressing Ctrl+Alt+Delete. This is especially important to remember when you are asked to press Ctrl+Alt+Delete to display a login screen.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / Workbook Click and drag to copy files in and out of a virtual machine window

If VMware Tools are installed (and updated) on a VMware virtual machine that runs a Windows operating system and if the host computer is also running Windows, you can drag and drop files between the host computer and the virtual machine.

Exercise Conventions

When working through an exercise, you will see conventions which indicate information you need to enter that is specific to your server.

The following describes the most common conventions:

italicized/bolded text. This is a reference to your unique situation, such as the host name of your server.

For example, if the host name of your server is DA1, and you see the following:

hostname.digitalairlines.com

you would enter:

DA1.digitalairlines.com

10.0.0.xx. This is the IP address that is assigned to your SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 server.

For example, if your IP address is 10.0.0.50, and you see the following:

10.0.0.xx

you would enter:

10.0.0.50

Select. The word select is used in exercise steps to indicate choosing an item from a list, a menu, or an interface.

Click. The word click is used when the button, link or item is readily apparent and not part of a list or drop-down menu.

Enter and Type. The words enter and type have distinct meanings.

The word enter means to type text in a field or at a command line and press the Enter key when necessary. The word type means to type text without pressing the Enter key.

If you are directed to type a value, make sure you do not press the Enter key; otherwise you might activate a process that you are not ready to start.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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Getting to Know SUSE Linux Enterprise 11S E C T I O N 1 Getting to Know SUSE Linux Enterprise 11

In this section of the workbook, you learn how to do the following:

1. Perform Five Basic Tasks in Linux on page 24

2. Add an Applet to and Remove an Applet from the Bottom Panel on page 28

3. Use the GNOME File Manager on page 29

4. Access the Command Line Interface on page 31

Before beginning the exercises, make sure you know how to log in and out of the GNOME desktop by doing the following:

1. In the Username field, enter geeko, then press Enter

2. In the Password field, enter novell, then press Enter

For security reasons, asterisks are displayed instead of the letters when you are entering the password.

The GNOME desktop environment starts.

3. To log out, open the main menu (labeled Computer) in the bottom panel.

4. Select Logout > Log Out.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookExercise 1-1 Perform Five Basic Tasks in Linux

In this exercise, you perform five basic tasks on the SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 11 SP2 machine to help you become familiar with and confident in working with the Linux environment.

You will perform the following tasks:

Task I: Change Your Wallpaper on page 24

Task 2: Change Your Screen Resolution on page 24

Task 3: Change Time and Date Settings on page 25

Task 4: Change Your Password on page 25

Task 5: Create a Desktop Launcher (Shortcut) on page 26

Task I: Change Your Wallpaper

From the da-sled virtual machine, do the following:

1. Log in as geeko with a password of novell.

2. Right -click the desktop and select Change Desktop Background.

3. From the Appearance Preferences window, on the Background tab, select Add.

4. Browse to geeko > Documents > Wallpaper. Double click the SUSENatureMod.jpg image and watch how the background instantly changes.

5. Click Close.

6. Repeat steps 1-5 on the da1 virtual machine. The file you add from the Wallpaper folder in step 4 is called ReptileSuseMod.jpg

Task 2: Change Your Screen Resolution


1. Open the main menu (labeled Computer) in the bottom panel.

2. On the right, under the System heading, click Control Center.

3. In the Hardware group, click Display entry

4. In the Display Preferences dialog, click on the arrows in the Resolution menu and adjust the resolution to 1280 x 720.

5. Click Apply.

The resolution changes and a dialog appears asking if the display looks OK.

6. Click Keep this configuration.

7. In the Display Preferences dialog, click again on the arrows in the Resolution menu and adjust the resolution to 1024 x 768.

8. Click Apply.

The resolution changes and a dialog appears asking if the display looks OK.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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Getting to Know SUSE Linux Enterprise 119. Click Keep this configuration.

10. Click Close.

11. Close the Control Center by clicking the X in the top right corner.

Task 3: Change Time and Date Settings

From the da-sled machine, do the following:



3. In the System group, click Date and Time.

4. Authenticate as the root user (Administrator). Type novell then click Continue.

5. Select the appropriate Region and Time Zone settings for your location, then click OK.

SUSEConfig runs and the changes are made. You are returned to the Control Center.

6. Close the Control Center by clicking the X in the top right corner.

Task 4: Change Your Password




3. On the left, under the Common Tasks, click Change Password.

An About Geeko Chameleon dialog opens up.

4. In the upper right corner of the dialog, click Change Password....

A Change password dialog opens up.

5. In the Change password window, enter novell in the Current Password field and click Authenticate.

The New password field can now be used to type the new password.

6. In the New password field, enter a password of your choosing.

7. Re-enter your new password in the Retype new password field; then click Change password.

If your password met the password criteria, a message appears indicating that the password has been changed. If the password was not complex enough you are prompted for another password.

8. Click Close.

9. Verify that your new password works by logging out and the logging in as geeko with the new password.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookNOTE: As the password novell is too simple to be accepted in this dialog, you cannot set the password back to novell using this tool. You will set it back in the Exercise Access the Command Line Interface on page 31.

Task 5: Create a Desktop Launcher (Shortcut)

In this exercise you will create a shortcut (called a desktop launcher in Linux). To do this you must know the path to the application.


1. Open the Pidgin instant messaging application:

Open the Computer menu in the bottom panel.

Click More Applications.

In the Communicate group, click Pidgin.

The Pidgin application opens.

Close the application.

You will create a launcher for this application

2. Determine the correct path to the pidgin application.

Right-click the desktop and select Open In Terminal.

At the Command prompt (geeko@da-sled:~/Desktop>), enter which pidgin.

The path /usr/bin/pidgin is displayed. Close the terminal window by entering exit.

This is the path you will need to create your launcher.

3. Create the Desktop Launcher.

Right-click the desktop and select Create Launcher.

In the Name field, enter Pidgin.

In the Command field, enter /usr/bin/pidgin.If you have entered the path correctly, the purple Pidgin icon will appear in the upper left-hand corner of the window.

Click OK.

The Pidgin icon now appears on the Desktop.

4. Open the F-Spot photo manager application:

Open the Computer menu in the bottom panel.

Under Favorite Applications, click F-Spot.

The F-Spot application opens.

Close the application. Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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Getting to Know SUSE Linux Enterprise 115. Repeat steps 2 and 3 to create a desktop launcher for F-Spot using the following parameters:

Launcher Name: F-Spot

Command path: /usr/bin/f-spot

NOTE: When using the which command at the command prompt, enter lower-case letters to find the correct path. For example, when searching for the location of F-Spot, enter which f-spot.

(End of Exercise)Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookExercise 1-2 Add an Applet to and Remove an Applet from the Bottom Panel


1. Right-click a free space in the bottom panel.

2. From the pop-up menu, select Add to Panel.

An Add to Panel dialog appears.

3. From the list, select System Monitor and then click Add.

A System Monitor icon is added to the Bottom Panel.

4. Close the Add to Panel dialog.

5. Double-click the System Monitor icon to view the System Monitor tool.

6. Close the System Monitor by clicking Monitor > Quit.

7. Remove the System Monitor applet from the Bottom Panel:

a. Right-click the System Monitor applet on the Bottom Panel.

b. From the pop-up menu, select Remove From Panel.


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Getting to Know SUSE Linux Enterprise 11Exercise 1-3 Use the GNOME File Manager

In this exercise, you explore your GNOME desktop. Use Nautilus to copy the /etc/DIR_COLORS file into your home directory and add the Important emblem to the copied file. Then, rename the copied file to example.txt. Finally, delete example.txt and empty the trash.

This exercise is performed on the da-sled virtual machine.

Part 1: Start Nautilus and Copy a File

To start Nautilus and copy a file, do the following:

1. Make sure you are logged in to da-sled as geeko with a password of novell.

2. Start the Nautilus file manager by double-clicking the geekos Home icon on the desktop.

3. View the file system tree in the side panel by opening the menu at the top of the side panel (labeled Places when Nautilus is started the first time).

4. From the menu, select Tree.

5. View the contents of the /etc directory by selecting the small triangle in front of the File System entry in the side panel and clicking the etc entry

6. Copy the /etc/DIR_COLORS file onto the desktop: a. Scroll down to the DIR_COLORS file icon.

b. While holding the Ctrl key, drag the icon onto the desktop, then release the mouse button.

IMPORTANT: Notice the small plus at the mouse pointer while dragging the file, indicating that you are copying a file.

7. Switch back to your home directory by selecting Home Folder in the side panel.

8. Move the DIR_COLORS file from the desktop into your home directory:

a. Click the DIR_COLORS file icon and drag it over the right frame of the Nautilus window.

IMPORTANT: Notice there is no small plus at the mouse pointer while dragging the file, indicating that you are moving a file.

b. Release the mouse button.

Part 2: Add an Emblem to the Copied File Icon

To add an emblem to the copied file icon, do the following:

1. Switch to the list of emblems by opening the menu at the top of the side panel (labeled Tree now).

2. From the menu, select Emblems.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / Workbook3. Scroll down to the Important icon.

4. Drag the Important icon over the DIR_COLORS file icon in the right frame, and release the mouse button.

Part 3: Rename the Copied File

To rename the copied file, do the following:

1. Rename the copied file by right-clicking the DIR_COLORS file icon, and then selecting Rename from the popup menu.

2. For the new filename, type example.txt, then press Enter.

Part 4: Delete the Copied File

To delete the copied file, do the following:

1. Delete the example.txt file by dragging the file icon over the Trash icon on the desktop, and releasing the mouse button.

2. Close the Nautilus file manager window.

3. Right-click the Trash icon on the desktop and select Empty Trash from the pop-up menu.

4. In the confirmation dialog, select Empty Trash.


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Getting to Know SUSE Linux Enterprise 11Exercise 1-4 Access the Command Line Interface

In this exercise you perform three basic command line tasks.


Part 1: Check IP Address of each machine

1. Access the command line by right-clicking the desktop and selecting Open In Terminal.

2. Enter ip address show.

Your IP address is displayed in the second line: inet 172.17.8.100.

3. Repeat these steps on the da-1 server to view its IP address of 172.17.8.101.

Part 2: Open Communication Between Desktop and Server

To communicate from one machine to the other, do the following:

1. From the da-sled command prompt, enter the following:

ping 172.17.8.101 -c4

NOTE: Adding -c4 at the after or in front of the ip address will limit the communication to four transfers.

The connection is now tested. The results are displayed in the terminal. An example of this is:

64 bytes from 172.17.8.101: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=0.251 ms

2. From the da1 server command prompt, enter the following:

ping 172.17.8.100 -c4

The results are displayed in the terminal window.

Part 3: Reset geekos Password to novell

To reset geekos password, do the following:

1. Switch to root user by entering su at the command prompt

su stands for switch user. It is a Linux command used to run the shell of another user without logging out. It is commonly used to change to root user permissions for administrative work without logging off and back on; it is also used to switch to other users in the same way.

2. Enter novell as the password.

Note how the command prompt changes.

NOTE: When you enter a password in the command line, you will not see any characters as you type them in. The entire field is left blank for your security rather than showing asterisks or bullets.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / Workbook3. At the command prompt, enter passwd geeko.

When prompted for the New Password, enter novell.

A warning appears, but the password is accepted anyway.

4. When the prompt Reenter New Password appears, enter novell again.

A message informs you that the password has been changed.

5. Return to the geeko user account by entering exit.

6. Close the terminal window by entering exit.


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Locate and Use Help ResourcesS E C T I O N 2 Locate and Use Help Resources


1. Access and Use man Pages on da1 on page 34

2. Access and Use info Pages on da1 on page 35

3. Access Release Notes and White Paper Pages on da1 on page 36

4. Find Help on the Web on da1 on page 38Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookExercise 2-1 Access and Use man Pages on da1

In this exercise, use the whatis and man commands and navigate through the help text. Find out how often the man pages of the info command contain the word filename.

This exercise is performed on the da1 server.

1. Log in as geeko with password novell.

2. Right-click on the GNOME desktop, and select Open in Terminal.

3. Find the sections of the man pages for the info command by entering whatis info.

4. Read the first section (user commands) of the man pages of the info command by entering man 1 info.

5. To look for filename, enter /filename.

6. Scroll through the text with the up and down arrow keys.

7. When you finish viewing the information, exit (quit) the man page by typing q.


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Locate and Use Help ResourcesExercise 2-2 Access and Use info Pages on da1

In this exercise, use the info command and navigate through the info text.


1. From the terminal window, display the info pages for the info command by entering info info.

2. Move the cursor to the first reference (Getting Started) by pressing Tab.

3. Follow the reference by pressing Enter.

4. Move the cursor to the reference Quitting Info by pressing Tab nine times.

5. Follow the reference by pressing Enter.

6. Return to the page Getting Started by typing l (lowercase L).

7. Exit the info file by typing q.

8. Close the terminal window.


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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookExercise 2-3 Access Release Notes and White Paper Pages on da1

In this exercise, you access release notes and white paper pages. First, access the HTML version of the release notes. Then, install the HTML howtos. Finally, access the howto of the DSL configuration.


Task I: Access Release Notes

To access release notes, do the following:

1. Start the file manager Nautilus by selecting the geekos Home icon on the desktop.

2. Select Places at the top of the left pane.

3. Double-click the File System icon.

4. Double-click the usr icon.

5. Double-click the share icon.

6. Double-click the doc icon.

7. Double-click the release-notes icon.

8. Double-click the SUSE_Linux_Enterprise_Server_11 icon.

9. Double-click the RELEASE-NOTES.en.html icon.

The Firefox web browser starts.

10. Browse through the Release Notes.

11. Close the Firefox window.

12. Close the Nautilus window.

Task II: Install Howtos

To install howtos, do the following:

1. From the GNOME desktop, open the main menu.

2. Select More Applications.

3. Enter ya into the Filter text box.

4. Select the YaST icon to start YaST.

5. Enter the root password novell in the appearing dialog, then select Continue or press Enter.

The YaST Control Center appears.

6. From the YaST Control Center, select Software > Software Management.

7. Select the Search tab.

8. In the Search text box enter howto (no space), then select Search.

9. From the right side of the window, select the howtoenh package.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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Locate and Use Help Resources10. Select Accept.

11. (Conditional) If requested by YaST, insert the appropriate SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP2 Product DVD, then select OK, and enter the root password (novell) when prompted.

12. Close the YaST Control Center.

13. (Conditional) If you installed the howtos from DVD, remove the DVD from your drive.

Task III: Access Howtos

To access howtos, do the following:

1. Start the file manager Nautilus by selecting the geekos Home icon on the desktop.

2. Click the File System icon.

3. Click the usr icon.

4. Click the share icon.

5. Click the doc icon.

6. Click the howto icon.

7. Click the en icon.

8. Click the html icon.

9. Click the DSL-HOWTO icon.

10. Click the index.html icon.

The Firefox web browser starts.

11. Close the Firefox window.

12. Close the Nautilus window.


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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookExercise 2-4 Find Help on the Web on da1

IMPORTANT: This exercise can only be successfully performed if the instructor or training center has provided internet connectivity to the host machines.

In this exercise, you learn how to find help on the web: First you look for updates for SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP2 on the Novell support web site. Then, you use a search engine to find information on GNOME and SLES11 on the Internet.

This exercise is performed on the host machine (not on the VMs).

Task I: Look for Patches at the Novell Web site

To look for patches at the Novell web site, do the following:

1. Open an Internet browser.

2. In the Location bar enter support.novell.com.

The Novell support home page appears.

3. Select Services & Support > Downloads.

4. In the left column, select Patches > Patch Finder.

5. From the Select a Product drop-down menu, select SUSE Linux Enterprise Server.

6. From the All Versions drop-down menu, select SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP2.

The list of patches is updated automatically. You must have a registered SUSE product with upgrade protection in order to access the patch downloads.

Task II: Use Google to Find Information

To use Google to find information, do the following:

1. In the address field, enterwww.google.com

2. In the text field at the top of the page, entergnome and sles11

3. Select Google Search.

4. Select one or more of the displayed links.

5. When finished close the browser.


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Manage the Linux File SystemS E C T I O N 3 Manage the Linux File System


1. Explore the SUSE Linux File System Hierarchy on page 40

2. Change Directories and List Directory Contents on page 42

3. Create and View Files on page 44

4. Perform Multiple File Operations on page 46

5. Find Files on Linux on page 49

6. Search File Content on page 51

7. Manage Folders with Nautilus on page 52Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookExercise 3-1 Explore the SUSE Linux File System Hierarchy

By default, a DVD is mounted at /media/mountpoint. In this exercise, find out the mount point of the DVD. Then mount the DVD manually at another position (/mnt) in the file system.


1. Log in as root on da1, with password novell.

2. Describe what directories the following characters refer to:

/:

~:

3. From the main menu, select More Applications.

4. In the Filter text box, enter term.

5. Select the Gnome Terminal icon to start a terminal emulation.

6. Insert a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 Product DVD into your DVD-ROM drive.

A Nautilus windows appears, showing the content of the DVD. Note the name of the directory used for mounting here:

7. Display the content of the /media/mountpoint/ directory by entering in the terminal window:

ls /media/mountpointThe content of the DVD is listed.

8. Unmount the DVD by entering

umount /media/mountpointThe DVD icon disappears from the desktop.

9. Mount the DVD manually by entering

mount /dev/dvd /mnt10. Display the contents of the /mnt directory by entering

ls /mntThe contents of the DVD are listed.

11. To unmount the DVD manually, enter

umount /mntThen push the Eject button.

12. Display the content of the /mnt directory by enteringCopying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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Manage the Linux File Systemls /mntThe directory is now empty.

13. Close the terminal window by entering

exit


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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookExercise 3-2 Change Directories and List Directory Contents

In this exercise, you learn how to use the cd, pwd, and ls command: Change the current directory and list the directory contents.


1. Make sure you are logged in as geeko, with password novell.

2. Describe what directories the following characters refer to:

.:

..:

3. From the main menu, select the Gnome Terminal icon to start a terminal emulation.

4. Change to the /tmp directory by entering

cd /tmp5. Display the name of the active directory by entering

pwd

6. Change to the home directory by entering

cd

7. Display the name of the active directory by entering

pwd

8. Change to the /usr/share/doc directory by entering

cd /usr/share/doc9. Display the name of the active directory by entering

pwd

10. Change back to the last directory (home) by entering

cd -

11. Display the name of the active directory by entering

pwd

12. Display the content of the current directory by entering

ls

13. Display the content of the current directory, including the hidden files, by entering

ls -a

14. View the permissions and the file size of all the files in the current directory by enteringCopying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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Manage the Linux File Systemls -la

15. Close the terminal window by entering

exit


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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookExercise 3-3 Create and View Files

In this exercise, create an empty file and view the content of a file. Use the touch, cat, less, head, and tail commands.


1. Open a GNOME terminal window from the main menu.

2. Create a new empty file by entering

touch new_file

3. Open another terminal window and log in as root (su -) with a password of novell.

4. Display the content of the /var/log/messages file by entering cat /var/log/messages

5. Display the content of /var/log/messages page-by-page by entering less /var/log/messages

6. Find the first occurrence of the word root by entering

/root

7. Find the next occurrence of the word root by typing n.

8. Navigate through the output by using the cursor keys and the Page Up and the Page Down keys.

9. Quit the display and return to the command line by typing q.

10. Display the first 5 lines of the /var/log/messages file by entering

head -n 5 /var/log/messages11. View a continuously updated display of the last lines of the /var/log/messages file

by entering

tail -f /var/log/messages12. Arrange the terminal windows on the desktop so that you can see the content of

both.

13. In the first terminal window you opened in Step 1, log in as root (su -), then enter an invalid password (such as suse).

Notice that the second login attempt is logged in the first terminal window.

14. In the first terminal window, log in as root (su -) with a password of novell.

The login is logged in the second terminal window.

15. Log out as root in the first terminal window by entering exit.

16. Close the first terminal window by entering exit.

17. Stop the tail process in the second terminal window by pressing Ctrl+c.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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Manage the Linux File System18. Log out as root by entering exit.



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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookExercise 3-4 Perform Multiple File Operations

This exercise is performed on the da-sled virtual machine. You work with files and directories.

Part I: Copy and Move Files and Directories

In this exercise, copy and move files with the cp and mv command:


2. Open a terminal window.

3. Rename new_file to my_file by entering the following:

mv new_file my_file

4. Verify that the file was renamed by entering

ls -l

5. Make a copy of my_file and name it my_file1 by entering the following:

cp my_file my_file1

6. Verify that my_file1 was created by entering

ls -l my*

7. Copy the /usr/bin/rename and /usr/bin/tac files to the /tmp/ directory by entering the following:

cp /usr/bin/rename /usr/bin/tac /tmp8. Verify that the files were copied by entering

ls -l /tmp9. Move the /tmp/tac file to the home directory (~) by entering the following:

mv /tmp/tac ~10. Verify the move by entering

ls -l

11. Move and rename the /tmp/rename file to ~/my_file2 by entering the following:

mv /tmp/rename ~/my_file212. Verify that the my_file2 file exists by entering

ls -l

13. Copy the complete /bin/ directory to the home directory with the new directory named my_dir by entering the following:

cp -r /bin ~/my_dir14. Verify that the files were copied by entering

ls -l ~/my_dirCopying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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Manage the Linux File SystemPart II: Create Directories

In this exercise, create the new ~/my_dir/new_dir and ~/geeko_dir/empty_dir/ directories with the mkdir command.

1. Create a directory named new_dir inside the my_dir directory by entering the following:

mkdir ~/my_dir/new_dir2. Verify that the directory was created by entering the following:

ls ~/my_dir3. Create a directory geeko_dir including a new directory empty_dir by

entering the following:

mkdir -p ~/geeko_dir/empty_dir4. Verify that geeko_dir was created by entering ls.

5. Verify that empty_dir was created by entering ls geeko_dir.

Part III: Delete Files and Directories

In this exercise, delete files and directories with the rmdir and rm command.

1. Try to remove the ~/geeko_dir directory by enteringrmdir geeko_dir

A message is displayed indicating that the directory cannot be removed. This is because the directory is not empty.

2. Remove the ~/geeko_dir/empty_dir directory by entering the following:rmdir geeko_dir/empty_dir

3. Verify that the empty_dir directory has been removed by entering

ls geeko_dir

4. Remove the ~/geeko_dir directory by enteringrmdir geeko_dir

5. Verify that the directory was removed by entering

ls

6. Remove the ~/my_dir/login file by enteringrm ~/my_dir/login

7. Verify that the file has been removed by entering

ls ~/my_dir/login8. Remove all files with names that begin with a in the /home/geeko/

my_dir/ directory by entering the following: rm -i ~/my_dir/a*Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / Workbook9. Confirm every warning by entering y.

10. Remove the /home/geeko/my_dir/ directory including its content by entering the following:

rm -r ~/my_dir11. Confirm every warning by entering y.

12. Verify that the directory has been removed by entering

ls ~/my_dir

Part IV: Link Files

In this exercise, create a symbolic link to the ~/my_file file and a hard link to the ~/my_file1 file with the ln command:

1. Enter the following to create a symbolic link to the my_file file in your home directory:

ln -s ~/my_file softlink2. Enter the following to create a hard link to the my_file file in your home

directory:

ln ~/my_file1 hardlink3. Display the links by entering ls -l.

Notice that the symbolic link identifies the file it is linked to.

Notice that the link counter (the number following the permissions) of hardlink and my_file is 2.



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Manage the Linux File SystemExercise 3-5 Find Files on Linux

In this exercise, you find files with the whereis, which, and find command, and the GNOME search tool.


Part I: Use the whereis and which Command

To use the whereis and which command, do the following:


2. Open a terminal window.

3. Find the type of the ll command by entering type ll.

4. Find the manual pages of the find command by entering whereis -m find.

5. Find the path of the program Firefox by entering which firefox.

You should see this output:

/usr/bin/firefox

Part II: Use the GNOME Search Tool

To use the GNOME search tool, do the following:

1. Start the GNOME search tool from the main menu by going to More Applications > System > Search for Files (GNOME Search Tool).

2. Find all files in the home directory whose names start with my by entering my* in the Name contains field and clicking Find.

3. Find all files in the /bin/ directory whose names consist of three characters, do the following:

a. Enter??? in the Name contains field.b. To search only in the /bin/ directory, open the Look in folder menu; then

select Other from the menu.

c. Select bin from the dialog; then click Open.

d. Click Find to start the search.

4. To find all files in the /tmp/ directory that were changed or created in the last 24 hours by doing the following:

a. Enter * in the Name contains field.

b. To search only in the /tmp/ directory, open the Look in folder menu; then select Other from the menu.

c. Select tmp from the dialog; then click Open.

d. Click Select more options.

e. Select Date modified less than from the Available options menu; then click Add.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / Workbookf. Enter 1 in the Date modified less than text box.

g. Click Find.

5. Close the Search dialog.

Part III: Use the find Command

To use the find command, do the following:

1. From the terminal window command line, find all files in the home directory whose names start with my by entering the following:

find ~ -name "my*"

2. Find all files in the /tmp/ directory that were changed or created in the last 24 hours by entering the following:

find /tmp -ctime -1 (the numeral one, not the letter l)


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Manage the Linux File SystemExercise 3-6 Search File Content

In this exercise, you find a special character combination in a file with the grep and egrep commands.


Detailed Steps to Complete this Exercise:

1. Make sure the terminal window is still open.

2. Find all HTML headings of hierarchy 2 in the /usr/share/doc/packages/yast2-users/users.html file by entering the following (on one line):

grep "" /usr/share/doc/packages/yast2-users/users.html

The output may appear similar to this:

Features (SL9.3)ImplementationThe files

3. Find all locations in the HTML files of the /usr/share/doc/packages/yast2-users/ directory that include the word configuration by entering the following:

grep configuration /usr/share/doc/packages/yast2-users/*.html

4. Find all locations in the HTML files of all yast2 directories /usr/share/doc/packages/yast2-*/ that include lines beginning with a number by entering the following:

egrep "^[0-9]" /usr/share/doc/packages/yast2-*/*.html5. Find all locations in the HTML files of all /usr/share/doc/packages/

yast2-*/ directories that include lines beginning with the letter m by entering the following:

egrep "^[m]" /usr/share/doc/packages/yast2-*/*.html6. Close the terminal window.


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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookExercise 3-7 Manage Folders with Nautilus

In this exercise, you will learn how to edit folder preferences, create a bookmark, and archive a folder.


Part I: Edit Folder Preferences

1. Log in as geeko to da-sled.

2. On the desktop, double-click geekos Home icon to open the File Browser.

3. Go to Edit > Preferences.

4. In the Views tab, under the Default View section, select List View from the View new folders using: drop down menu.

5. In the List Columns tab, select Owner.

6. Click Close.

7. Reload the page.

Notice how the default view has changed to a list view that includes the owner of each folder or file.

8. Click on the small right-facing arrow left of the folder to expand that folder.

Part II: Create a Bookmark

1. Double-click the Documents folder in the geeko/home directory.2. From the Bookmarks menu, select Add Bookmarks.

Notice how the bookmark appears in two places:

Under the Bookmarks menu

At the bottom of the Places menu in the left section of the file browser

Part III: Archive and Extract a Folder

1. In the Places view, double click the geeko directory.

2. Right-click the Documents folder and rename it to Documents_old.

3. Right-click the Documents_old folder and select Compress....

4. For Location, specify Desktop.

5. Click Create.

6. Go to the desktop, right-click Documents_old.tar.gz and select Extract Here.

The Documents_old directory is un-archived.Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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Manage the Linux File System7. Rename the geeko/Documents_old directory back to geeko/Documents.

8. Close the File Browser window.


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SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP2 Fundamentals / WorkbookCopying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES.

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Work with the Linux Shell and Command LineS E C T I O N 4 Work with the Linux Shell and Command Line
