US Army Corps of Engineers

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Sustainable Buildings – fromLEED to Net Zero

Col(P) Peter DeLuca

Commander

US Army Corps of Engineers

North Atlantic Division

10 May 2010

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SUSTAINABLE DESIGN ANDCONSTRUCTION

The Federal Government has been a leader in adaptingto the sustainable design and construction mandates.

Since as early as 2001, we have been using aSustainable Project Rating tool (SPiRiT) to measure thesustainable features of MILCON projects.

SPiRiT was adapted from LEED version 2.0 ratingsystem to incorporate the military requirement in sectioncalled Facility delivery and mission requirements. Thechanges incorporated to LEED v2.0 to make SPiRiT waslicensed from USGBC.

An Army directive was issued mid 2006 to utilize LEEDv2.2 for all FY 08 Construction

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SPiRiT to LEED Transition

LEED Silver Compliance: Sustainable sites - Good

Water Efficiency - Good

Energy and Atmosphere -Needs improvement

Materials & Resources -Needs documentation

Indoor Environmental Quality– Needs Improvement

Innovation in Design

Transition to LEED : SPiRiT was started in FY01 – used for MILCON Projects

- FY08 Construction projects were required to follow LEED V2.2

- All Districts have transitioned to LEED V2.2; some to LEED 2009

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WHY SUSTAINABLE DESIGN?FEDERAL MANDATE HISTORY: Several new energy policy statutes, guidance

documents and executive orders “greening the government” have been issued from2005 through 2009. A chronological list is below:

► Energy Policy Act of 2005 08 Aug 05► Guiding Principles for High Performance Sustainable

Building (HPSB) MOU 23 Jan 06► ECB identifying LEED rating tool and silver as the

target for all FY08 construction 19 May 06► Executive Order 13423 “Strengthening Federal

Environmental, Energy and transportation Management 26 Jan 07► DRAFT USACE Army LEED Implementation guide 01 Aug 07► Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 19 Dec 07► FINAL USACE Army LEED Implementation guide 15 Jan 08► High Performance and Sustainable Building Guidance –final 01 Dec 08► Army Energy Security Implementation Strategy 13 Jan 09► Executive Order13514: “Federal Leadership in

Environmental, Energy, and Economic Performance” 05 Oct 09

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Executive Order 13514 The Executive Order 13514 was issued in October of 2009 and

focused more on reporting and Green house gas emissions whilepreserving the previous targets and goals. It introduced a newconcept of scope 1,2 and 3 GHG.

► Each agency shall create a strategic Sustainability PerformancePlan w/ in 90 days- USACE current plan has been drafted and willbe submitted 2 June

► Identify agency target for reduction of GHGH within 240 days-USACE 23%

► Report to CEQ and OMB comprehensive inventory of GHG within15 months.(Jan 2011)

► Beginning in 2020 any new construction design shall utilizezero net energy strategies .

► EPA has provide storm water guidance on EISA section 438.Qpre=Qpost for a development or redevelopment project >5,000 sf

► DOE and GSA shall issue guidance on Federal Fleet managementwithin 180 days

► Agencies shall participate in the interagency Climate ChangeAdaption Task Force. Within 1 year of this order CEQ shall providea progress report on agency actions.

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STRATEGY

To get to a Net Zero energy constructedbuilding a progressive approach issuggested:

1. Energy efficiency- Building envelopeimprovements (insulation, tightness,windows)

2. Energy Efficient heat generation(geothermal, fuel cell, co-generation)

3. Mature Renewable Power (solar, wind)

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Net Zero energy homesPassive solar homes

In order to get to net zero all existing efficiencieshave to be employed.

Passive solar houses increase the efficiency ofthe building envelope by increasing insulation,better fitting windows and joints, triple panewindows.

Passive House (PassivHaus) rating indicatesthat the home achieves energy efficiencies ofgreater than 90% of the standard home

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Army Family HousingPassive House Construction

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solarthermalpanelson theroof

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Army Family HousingSite Plan

22 units of over 100 totalwill be built to meet thePassivHaus standard.

All other constructionshall be identical, so thatpost occupancy data canbe gathered to determineeffectiveness of buildingenvelope efficiency.

Occupancy is expected

By the end of 2010

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Sealing exterior insulation

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Passive Housebedroom window

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Passive HouseTriple pane window

Window casing isinsulated.

Note the material incasing to provide athermal break.

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Standard UnitEnergy Efficient window

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BUIDLING FEATURES

Passive House Energy Efficient

Exterior Insulation 30 cm(~12 in) 14 cm (~5.5in)

Roof insulation 46 cm (~18 in) 20 cm (~8 in)

Windows triple pane double pane insulated

Heat sourceGeothermal assist (1.2M) tomoderate ventilation air Gas

Hot water heating Solar thermal Gas

Heat delivery 12 radiators 6 radiators

Cost 110% 100%

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Deutsches Passiv Haus Institut

The buildings will be constructed of sand-lime brick masonry withcomposite thermal insulation systems.

The 22 unit will seek certification from the Deutsches Passiv HausInstitut. As part of this certification, thermal photographs will betaken and blower door test performed for tightness of the building.

Traditional PH are built without radiators built into the home. ThesePH were built with radiators because there is disbelief that soldiersand their families can operate the PH as intended.

Although passive solar heating is the primary heating, the passiveunit will be supplemented by a gas fired boiler system to smooth outfluctuations and long periods of gray weather and lag time between

heating thermal mass and energy release into the house.

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Geothermal Heating and Cooling:

• According to the EPA, geothermalheat pumps can reduce energyconsumption—and correspondingemissions—up to 44% compared to air-source heat pumps and up to 72%compared to electric resistance heatingwith standard air-conditioningequipment.• GHPs also improve humidity controlby maintaining about 50% relativeindoor humidity, making GHPs veryeffective in humid areas• 5 – 10 Years Return on InvestmentFrom Energy Savings

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Geothermal Heating and Cooling:

USACE-New York District Projects:

As Integral Components of New Construction:► FY04/FY05 Wheeler Sack Barracks Complex, Fort Drum, NY

► FY08 MP Barracks Complex at Fort Drum, NY

► FY08 Warriors in Transition Complex, Fort Drum, NY

► FY08 Guthrie Medical Clinic Add/Alt, Fort Drum, NY

As a Discrete Project Connecting to and RetrofittingExisting Mechanical Systems:► FY02 USMA Prep School, Fort Monmouth, NJ

► FY09 ARRA Geothermal Project, Fort Hamilton, NY

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Drilling Geothermal Well at WIT

Geothermal Heating and Cooling:

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Geothermal Well

Geothermal Well and Well Loop Piping to Facility.

Well Loop Piping

Geothermal Heating and Cooling:

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Geothermal Well Loop Piping to Facility.

Geothermal Heating and Cooling:

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Geothermal Well Field under construction.

Geothermal Heating and Cooling:

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Closed Loop Piping in the Well Casing

Closed Loop Piping in the Well Casing and Geothermal Loop Piping.

Geothermal Heating and Cooling:

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Solar Power (Photovoltaic):

Simple to Design 10 - 20 Years Return on InvestmentFrom Energy Production Potential Environmental Impacts:

None Known

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Solar Power (Photovoltaic):

New York District Projects:

FY08 ECIP Photovoltaic Carport, Sea Girt, NJ –New Jersey Nation Guard*

FY 09 ECIP Photovoltaic Carport, Fort Dix, NJ –New Jersey National Guard

FY10 ARRA Photovoltaic Rooftop, Fort Dix, NJ –New Jersey National Guard

FY10 ARRA Photovoltaic Rooftop,Lawrenceville, NJ – New Jersey National Guard

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Solar Power (Photovoltaic):

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Solar Power (Photovoltaic):

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Solar Power (Photovoltaic):

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Solar Power (Photovoltaic):

http://www.sunviewer.net/portals/SeaGirt/

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Solar Power (Photovoltaic):

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Thank you!

Questions?