sustainable development goal 15 - progress and prospects ...€¦ · sustainable development goal...
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UN-DESA Division for Sustainable Development Goals
An Expert Group Meeting in preparation for HLPF 2018: Transformation towards sustainable and resilient societies
14-15 May 2018 Conference Room 9, United Nations Headquarters, New York
Sustainable Development Goal 15 - Progress and Prospects: A perspective from Papua New Guinea on Mountain
Dr. Ruth C H Turia (PhD)Director – Forest Policy and PlanningNational Forest ServicePapua New Guinea Forest Authority
Complete rainforest altitudinal gradient atMt. Wilhelm
Forest Cover DD rates
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
FRA 2015 State of theForest of
PNG
FIMS This Study The State ofForest ofPNG 2014
GlobalDataset
Forest andLand Use inPNG 2013
Forest BaseMap 2012
Deforestation
Degradation
Total
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
%
Year
PNGRIS
FRA 2015
State of the Forest of PNG 2002
FIMS
This Study
The State of Forest of PNG 2014
Global Dataset
Forest and Land Use in PNG 2013
Forest Base Map 2012
Figure 1 – Results of Various Studies in PNG looking of Forest Cover and Deforestation and forest Degradation Rates
Forest cover comparable
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
PNGRIS 1975 McAlpine, 1988(FIMS 96)
Shearman et al,2008
PNG Base Map2012
Bryan et al, 2015 FRA 2015 This Study 2015
% f
ore
st c
ove
r
Various Def
National for def
PNG Forest Definition➢ Land area
spanning more than 1 ha;
➢ Tree canopy cover of more than 10 %;
➢ Tree heights of more than 3 metres
Figure 2 – Comparison of Forest Cover Estimation by different studies – using PNG Forest Definition
- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 2,500,000
Subsistence Agriculture
Oil Palm
Others
Logged
Gardening
Others
Def
ore
stat
ion
Fore
st D
egra
dat
ion
0.7% deforestation in 15 years or 0.05% per year
Fore
st la
nd
No
n f
ore
st la
nd Subsistence
Agriculture64%
Palm Oil31%
Cocoa1%Coconut
1%
Large Settlement
1%
Other2%
Logging92%
Fire1%
Gardening5%
Other2%
6.6% degradation in 15 years or 0.4% per year
Figure 4 – Overview of Rates of Deforestation and forest Degradation
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Elevation Range (m)
Forest Land
Cropland
Settlements
Grassland
Wetlands
Other Land
Figure 5 – Land Use at Elevation Range - 2015
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Figure 6 – Population density by Elevation Range 2015
Figure 7- Forest and land use as at 2015
Forest Types Disturbance by humans
Forest land: 35 million ha
Low altitude forest on plains and fans
21%
Low altitude forest on uplands
32%
Lower montane forest24%
Montane forest1%
Montane coniferous forest0%
Dry seasonal forest7%
Littoral forest0%
Seral forest1%
Swamp forest8%
Savanna1%
Woodland3%
Scrub1%
Mangrove1%
Forest Plantations0%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Low altitude forest on plains and fans
Low altitude forest on uplands
Lower montane forest
Montane forest
Montane coniferous forest
Dry seasonal forest
Littoral forest
Seral forest
Swamp forest
Savanna
Woodland
Scrub
Mangrove
Logging
Fire
Gardening
Others
Undisturbed
Low altitude forest on plains and fans
21%
Low altitude forest on uplands
32%
Lower montane forest24%Montane forest
1%
Dry seasonal forest7%
Seral forest1%
Swamp forest8%
Savanna1%
Woodland3%
Scrub1%
Mangrove1%
Figure 8 -Forest land use change between 2000 - 2015
Deforestation
0% 50% 100%
Low altitude forest on plains andfans
Low altitude forest on uplands
Lower montane forestSubsistence Agriculture
Cocoa
Coconut
Palm Oil
Forest types Deforested
Relevance to Mountains?
➢ still has 70% of its forest cover intact;➢ as the elevation range increases, the abundance
of certain biological and zoological species increase/decrease;
➢ degree of deforestation and forest degradation varies due to human activities;
➢ logging for timber and subsistence gardening are the highest human activity that has increased the level of forest degradation;
➢ Palm oil development is the highest cause of deforestation
➢ Provides some guide as to the type of actions that can be taken as part of SDG 15 to address Mountains
THANK YOU...