sustainable performance improvement in thermal power plants · 2019-03-14 · cenpeep sustainable...
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CenPEEP
Sustainable Sustainable Performance ImprovementPerformance Improvement
in Thermal Power Plantsin Thermal Power Plants
Center for Power Efficiency & Environmental Protection (CenPEEP)
Feb 20, 2009
D.K. Agrawal GM (CenPEEP) NTPCM.K.S. Kutty DGM (CenPEEP) NTPC
CenPEEP
• To meet the Challenges in the Competitive Environment a utility needs to have continued improvement in Operating Efficiency.
• Efficiency Improvement also addresses environmental concerns by reducing GHG emissions.
• It leads to better availability and improved profit margin.
Importance of Performance Improvement
CenPEEP
• Having the Margins Available Stations can Substantially Contribute to meet the Peaking Requirement.
• Study by CEA on 56 stations covering a capacity of 38600 MW shows operating HR deviations in the range of about 19.3%.
• Substantial Improvement Potential is Available Even in the Best Run Stations (as per CEA study deviation in HR of some of the best operating stations ranges from 2.05% to 3.60%.
Importance of Performance Improvement
CenPEEP
An average increase of 1% in Efficiency across Indian Power Utilities would result in:
• Coal savings of approx. 11 million tons per annum
• Cost savings worth Rs.16,100 Million ($ 350 Million)
• 3% CO2 reduction per annum (approx.13.5 million tons per annum)
• Higher productivity from the same resources is equivalent to capacity addition
• Lower generation cost per kWh
Impact of Efficiency Improvement Indian Scenario
Installed Capacity (31.12.2008) – 1,47,403 MWThermal – 93393 MW (Coal 77459, Gas 14734, Oil 1200)
Data source:CEA
CenPEEP
CenPEEP Role CenPEEP Role &&
MethodologyMethodology
Performance Improvement Activities
CenPEEP
Global ConcernsGlobal Concerns• GHG Emissions / warming• Emissions from coal usage• Sustainable growth
Utility ConcernsUtility Concerns• Efficiency improvement• Availability improvement • O&M costs - Profitability
Center for Power Efficiency & Environmental Protection (CenPEEP)
CenPEEP
Established by NTPC in collaboration with USAID with a mandate to reduce GHG emissions per unit of electricity generated by improving the overall
performance of coal-fired power plants.
The Centre functions as a Resource Centre for acquisition, demonstration & dissemination of state-of-the-art technologies and practices for performance improvement of coal fired power plants for the entire power sector of India.
CenPEEP
GEPPartners
• USDOE• NETL• EPRI• TVA• GP• Storm Tech.• Structural Int.• Domain Experts
CenPEEP
CenPEEP Partners
Guided byGuided byAdvisory Board & Executive CommitteeAdvisory Board & Executive Committee
Consisting of NTPC, USAID and members from Govt of India, State & Private Power Utilities, industry association, research institutes, etc.
• NTPC• Guj. Gen Co• Maha Gen Co• AP Gen Co• PSEB• UPRVUN• WBPDCL• MPGENCO• IPGCL
CenPEEP
Training &Technology
Dissemination
TechnologyDemonstration
TechnologySelection &AcquisitionTechnology
Transfer
CenPEEP Approach
State-of-the art technology & practices for GHG reductionStateState--ofof--the art technology & practices for GHG reductionthe art technology & practices for GHG reduction
Knowledge is not enough, implementation brings real benefitKnowledge is not enough, implementation brings real benefit
Sustainability Sustainability through through
Implementation ofImplementation ofSystems & Systems & ProceduresProcedures
CenPEEPPlant Performance Optimization
Better EfficiencyLower Emissions• Focus on each
sub-system & component
• Health of each component determines health of the equipment
HR
Unit availability
Boiler Turbine
Air Pre Htrs.
Mills & Burners Condenser & CW System
HP& IP Turbine
BFP & HP/LPHeaters
Boiler Pressure parts
Coal handling system Gen; X-mer & switchyardHuman Element
CenPEEP
Performance EvaluationPerformance Evaluation
Performance Performance OptimisationOptimisation
Recovery of Efficiency LossRecovery of Efficiency Loss
Sustainability through Sustainability through InstitutionalisationInstitutionalisationof Programof Program
Approach for sustainable improvement of Performance of power plants
CenPEEP
• Performance tests techniques using high accuracy test instruments Boiler efficiency, HP/IP efficiency, Condenser, HP/LP heaters, BFP
• Computational software for tests
• High Velocity Thermocouple (HVT)
• Dirty pilot kit• Helium Leak detection
Condenser air-in-leak detection• Water powered cleaners for Condenser tubes• CW Flow measurement & Cooling Tower
performance optimization
• Eddy current Induction heating
• IR Thermography & Acoustics as diagnostics technologies
Low Cost, High benefit Techniques Demonstrated
CenPEEPTypical HR Loss Areas
Indian Power Plants
High loss category (20-60 kcal/kWh)Dry Flue Gas Loss Condenser Unaccountable
Medium loss category(10-20 kcal/kWh)• HP/IP Turbine• RH Spray • Cooling TowerLow loss category (<10 kcal/kWh)• Unburnt Loss• MS & HRH Temperature deviations• Feed water Temperature deviations
Typical Break Up of HR Losses
RH Spray,9%
Turbine (HP & IP),19%
Condenser,15%
Dry Flue Gas Loss,
16%
Others,5%Cooling
Tow er,16%
Unaccountables,20%
CenPEEPThrust Areas - Condenser
Major Concerns• Tube Fouling• Air Ingress• High CW Inlet temperature• High Heat Load
Remedial Measures• Regular & Effective Tube Cleaning• On-line Assessment of Air Ingress• Better Performance of Cooling Tower• Monitoring of High Energy Drains passing
WATER
TUBE
WATER
STE
AM
TUBE
FOULEDSURFACE
CenPEEPApproach For Condenser Performance Improvement
Say O/H O/H
15 mm HG(~ 30 kcal/kWh)
12 mm HG
30 mm HG (~ 60 kcal/kWh)(no cleaningbetween OH)
MiddleApril Oct Apr Next Yr
Effective Condenser tube cleaningduring opportunity S/D – 12 mm HG
improvement
18 mm HG (~ 36 kcal/kWh)(cleaningbetween OH)
22.5 mm HG10.5 mm HG2nd half average loss
6 mm HG (~12 kcal/kWh)Net Improvement
15 mm HG9 mm HGAverage loss for the year
7.5 mm HG7.5 mm HG 1st half average loss
Without cleaningWith CleaningDescription
3 mm HG
CenPEEP
Improved Heat Transfer• Clean boiler surface and Air Heater
baskets during Boiler overhauls• Optimized Soot blowing & LRSB
operation• Replacement of AH Baskets, seals &
sector plates• Coal burners & PF pipe orifices• Excess air Optimization• Minimize Tempering Air • Representative Measurements• Reduction in Air Ingress
Thrust Areas - Dry Flue Gas Loss
O2 & temp sensors relocated / increased at many stations for better feedback & control
CenPEEPMapping of oxygen % in flue gas path
Oxygen in Flue Gas (%) - 200 MW (Aug 08)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Furnace Exit Eco Outlet AH Inlet AH Outlet ID Fan Outlet
Eroded gas ducts, expansion joints & hoppers cause air ingress in boilers
‘What can not be measured can not be saved’
CenPEEP
• 125 Workshops on Boiler & Turbine Performance Analysis & Improvement; Diagnostics and Knowledge based Maintenance
• 14000 Training man days - Participants from NTPC, DVC, GSCEL, UPRUVNL, TNEB, APGENCO, PSEB, RRUVNL, MSEB, IPGCL etc.
• 319 Demonstrations - Hands-on trainings
• Guidelines on Thrust areas
• Papers at various conferences
• Dissemination of new techniques through ‘Optimisers’
• Customized training programs organized at SEBs as per their needs
Quarterly newsletter
Optimisersavailable on NTPC website
Capability BuildingCapability BuildingNational LevelNational Level
It’s important to capture & share the O&M Expertise & ExperienceIt’s important to capture & share the O&M Expertise & Experience
CenPEEPPerformance Improvement Potential
Typical Case StudyTypical Case Study
CenPEEP
Expected kcal/kwh
Actual Kcal/kwh
Total losses Kcal/kwh
Losses Million Rs
1957 2094 137 76.9 ($1.7 million)
Acountable Losses
106 --- 59.5 ($1.3 million)
Unaccoun- table losses
31 --- 17.4 ($0.4 million)
Gross Turbine Cycle Heat Rate (GTCHR)Gross Turbine Cycle Heat Rate (GTCHR)
Case Study - Turbine & AuxiliariesPotential demonstrated in a 210 MW Unit
Glow Sign : Some Utilities have very low losses
CenPEEP
Accountable Losses Accountable Losses –– 106.2 kcal/106.2 kcal/kwhkwh
Description Loss kcal/kwh
Loss Million Rs
Cond. Vac. 28 15.7
HP Turbine Eff. 19.41 10.9 IP Turbine Eff. 10.74 6.1 HP Heater 5 & 6 30.8 17.3
RH Spray 11.58 6.5
Case Study - Turbine & Auxiliaries Potential demonstrated in a 210 MW Unit
Unaccountable Losses 30.8 kcal/Unaccountable Losses 30.8 kcal/kwhkwhCauses - Passing of High Energy Drains, L.P. Turbine Performance, L.P. Heaters, Uncertainty of Instruments
CenPEEP
Awards & RecognitionsAwards & Recognitions
CenPEEP
CTI’s World CTI’s World Climate Climate
Technology Technology Award 2002Award 2002
USEPA USEPA CLIMATE CLIMATE
PROTECTION PROTECTION AWARD 2003AWARD 2003
Awards & RecognitionsAwards & Recognitions
CenPEEP IS A SYMBOL OF SUCCESSFUL INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION FOR GHG REDUCTION
CenPEEP
CenPEEP
• High Potential for Efficiency Improvement in Some Plants
• Potential for Efficiency Improvement even in Best Run Plants
• Correct Performance Assessment is an Essential Pre-requisite
• Focus on Individual Equipment Degradations
• High Benefits with limited Investment
• Quantum Improvements Through Replacement & Upgrades
• Sustainable Performance Improvements Through Testing and Establishing Optimum Regimes of Operation
In Conclusion
CenPEEP
Thanks