sustainable transportation: electric vehicles and more
TRANSCRIPT
James M. ShannonIEC President
IEVE20 March 2017Jeju, Korea
IEC, the electric car and beyond
• Rapid urbanization requires sustainable transport
• Paris climate agreement • IEC International
Standards published• New battery technologies
EV: broad adoption?
Adoption slower than expected• 2016: 2 million electric cars (from 6 000 in 2009)• Total 2016 sales = 0.86% of 90 million new cars/
trucks• 2040 EV sales projections: 6 % to 40%
Traditional car: self-contained, proprietary – full controlEVs directly impact existing electricity grids:• Add flexibility (slow
power transfer)• Add strain (fast power
transfer)
EVs: part of a bigger world
Many different chargers • Charging
infrastructure underdeveloped – different proprietary systems
• 162 000 public slow power transfer outlets
• 28 000 public fast power transfer outlets – 65% in China and Japan
Fast power transfer issuesReinforcements of electricity grid neededBattery technologies Focus on minimal charging time: hinders peak demand management IEC Standards for DC charging are availableBattery exchange = good alternative – strong opposition by car makers
EV = expensiveBatteries: 1/3 of total cost of ownership of electric vehicleBy 2022: unsubsidized electric car will be less expensive than traditional car
How far will it drive?Battery autonomy + charging time = range anxiety2015: Significant battery improvements to 295 Wh/l from 60Wh/l (2008)= EV ranges of >350 km/single charge
Path to mass marketInternational Standards for infrastructure, electricity supply, electric vehicle = investment securitySystems approach within Smart Energy, Smart Grid IEC expertise for EV safety; new technologies
Far beyond the carGrowing opportunity for electrification of many types of vehicles• Manufacturing• Warehouses• Airports• Mines• Public transportation
Sustainable mobility solutions neededUrban transport focussed on private vehicles = limited value for developing countries (World Bank)
High travel demand = extremely fast infrastructure development
Congestion: loss of millions of person hours – severe impact on economic development and health
Drivers for sustainable solutions• Rapid urbanization +
increased motorization
• Low quality public transportation
• Lack of hierarchical road and street systems – little road space
• Pollution
Peter O’Neill, Lead Infrastructure Specialist, World Bank
More expected
• Developing country megacities: today two-thirds of trips are by foot or bicycle
• Increased economic development = explosion in additional traffic demand
Peter O’Neill, Lead Infrastructure Specialist, World Bank
Electrification of transport• 2050: 70% of people
will live in cities• Asia 4.7 billion
population: crucial role in planning and implementing sustainable transport
• Buses, light rails, subways, cable cars need to be electrified
China to increase public transport• 40% in megacities• 30% in big cities• 20% in medium and small cities• Majority of 173 000 electric buses are in China (IEA)• 2020: 200 000 electric buses and 4000 charging
stations
Battery exchange: buses
• Jeju and Korea pioneering
Underpinning traffic infrastructure
• Transportation technologies by land, sea and air
• Smart Grid• Integration of
renewable energy • Energy storage• Battery and fuel
cell technology
James M. ShannonIEC President
IEVE20 March 2017Jeju, Korea
IEC, the electric car and beyond