Suwannee & Santa Fe Suwannee & Santa Fe TMDLTMDL

Suwannee Suwannee & Santa Fe & Santa Fe

Planning Planning Units & Units & WBIDsWBIDs

Suwannee Suwannee & Santa Fe & Santa Fe STORET STORET StationsStations

Consent Decree TimelineConsent Decree Timeline

EPA must propose TMDL by EPA must propose TMDL by September 30, 2008September 30, 2008 unless, unless,• EPA approves FDEP adopted TMDLEPA approves FDEP adopted TMDL

FDEP must issue draft TMDL in early FDEP must issue draft TMDL in early JulyJuly• 30-Day Comment Period30-Day Comment Period

Propose TMDL in early AugustPropose TMDL in early August

Impaired WBIDsImpaired WBIDsPlanning UnitPlanning Unit WBIDWBID Water Segment NameWater Segment Name

WaterbodyWaterbodyTypeType

1998 303(d)1998 303(d)Parameter ofParameter of

ConcernConcern

ParametersParametersAssessed Using Assessed Using

thetheIWRIWR

Priority for TMDLPriority for TMDLDevelopmentDevelopment

Lower SuwanneeLower Suwannee 34223422SUWANNEE RIVER SUWANNEE RIVER

(LOWER)(LOWER) STREAMSTREAM   Nutrients (Hist Nutrients (Hist

Chlorophyll)Chlorophyll) HighHigh

Lower SuwanneeLower Suwannee 3422R3422R MANATEE SPRINGSMANATEE SPRINGS STREAMSTREAM    Nutrients (Algal Mats)Nutrients (Algal Mats) MediumMedium

Lower SuwanneeLower Suwannee 3422S3422S FANNING SPRINGSFANNING SPRINGS STREAMSTREAM    Nutrients (Algal Mats)Nutrients (Algal Mats) MediumMedium

Lower Suwannee Lower Suwannee 3422D3422D

LOWER SUWANNEE LOWER SUWANNEE ESTUARYESTUARY ESTUARY ESTUARY    ChlorophyllChlorophyll HighHigh

Middle SuwanneeMiddle Suwannee 3422J3422J BRANFORD SPRINGBRANFORD SPRING STREAMSTREAM    Nutrients (Algal Mats)Nutrients (Algal Mats) MediumMedium

Middle SuwanneeMiddle Suwannee 3422L3422L RUTH SPRINGRUTH SPRING STREAMSTREAM    Nutrients (Algal Mats)Nutrients (Algal Mats) MediumMedium

Middle SuwanneeMiddle Suwannee 3422T3422T TROY SPRINGTROY SPRING STREAMSTREAM    Nutrients (Algal Mats)Nutrients (Algal Mats) MediumMedium

Middle SuwanneeMiddle Suwannee 3422U3422U ROYAL SPRINGROYAL SPRING STREAMSTREAM    Nutrients (Algal Mats)Nutrients (Algal Mats) MediumMedium

Middle SuwanneeMiddle Suwannee 3422Z3422Z FALMOUTH SPRINGFALMOUTH SPRING STREAMSTREAM    Nutrients (Algal Mats)Nutrients (Algal Mats) MediumMedium

Santa Fe RiverSanta Fe River 3605A3605A SANTA FE RIVERSANTA FE RIVER STREAMSTREAM    Nutrients (Algal Mats)Nutrients (Algal Mats) HighHigh

Santa Fe RiverSanta Fe River 3605C3605C SANTA FE RIVERSANTA FE RIVER STREAMSTREAM    Nutrients (Algal Mats)Nutrients (Algal Mats) HighHigh

Santa Fe RiverSanta Fe River 3605A3605A SANTA FE RIVERSANTA FE RIVER STREAMSTREAMDissolvedDissolvedOxygenOxygen Dissolved OxygenDissolved Oxygen HighHigh

Santa Fe RiverSanta Fe River 3605C3605C SANTA FE RIVERSANTA FE RIVER STREAMSTREAMDissolvedDissolvedOxygenOxygen Dissolved OxygenDissolved Oxygen HighHigh

Santa Fe RiverSanta Fe River 3605F3605F ALTHO DRAINAGEALTHO DRAINAGE STREAMSTREAMDissolvedDissolvedOxygenOxygen Dissolved OxygenDissolved Oxygen HighHigh

Upper SuwanneeUpper Suwannee 33413341SUWANNEE RIVER SUWANNEE RIVER

(UPPER)(UPPER) STREAMSTREAMDissolvedDissolvedOxygenOxygen Dissolved OxygenDissolved Oxygen HighHigh

Impaired Impaired WBIDsWBIDs

Photograph of filamentous algae at Branford 2000

Macroalgal bloom in Suwannee estuary winter 2000

Macroalgal mats on the lower Santa Fe River WY2000

Lower Suwannee River – 2000Lower Suwannee River – 2000At Fowler’s BluffAt Fowler’s Bluff

Middle Suwannee River - 2000Middle Suwannee River - 2000Above BranfordAbove Branford

Lower Santa Fe River - 2001Lower Santa Fe River - 2001

Lower Santa Lower Santa Fe River at Fe River at

Rum Island - Rum Island - 20062006

LSFR below Rum Island Spring - 2006LSFR below Rum Island Spring - 2006

Rum Island Spring 2006Rum Island Spring 2006

Lower Santa Fe River – 2000Lower Santa Fe River – 2000Below Devil’s ComplexBelow Devil’s Complex

Lower Santa Fe River – 2000Lower Santa Fe River – 2000Below Devil’s ComplexBelow Devil’s Complex

Trends in Nitrate (NOTrends in Nitrate (NO33))

Historic Trends in NOHistoric Trends in NO33Historic Nitrate Data for Branford FL Site

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Year

Nitr

ate

(mg/

L)

OF

W D

esig

natio

n

Historic FlowsHistoric FlowsBranford Histroic Flow Data

0.00%

20.00%

40.00%

60.00%

80.00%

100.00%

0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000 50000Flow(cfs)

Qu

anti

les

1931-2007

1931-1971

1972-2007

Lines of EvidenceLines of Evidence

Lines of EvidenceLines of Evidence Change Point Analysis of the Suwannee Change Point Analysis of the Suwannee

River Algal Data (FDEP 2007)River Algal Data (FDEP 2007)

Nutrient TMDLs for the Wekiva River & Nutrient TMDLs for the Wekiva River & Rock Springs Run (FDEP 2007)Rock Springs Run (FDEP 2007)

Ecological Condition Of Algae & Nutrients Ecological Condition Of Algae & Nutrients In Florida Springs: The Synthesis Report In Florida Springs: The Synthesis Report (Stevenson et al, 2007)(Stevenson et al, 2007)

Change Point Analysis of the Change Point Analysis of the Suwannee River Algal DataSuwannee River Algal Data

A positive relationship A positive relationship between periphyton cell between periphyton cell density & NOdensity & NO33 concentration was concentration was identified in Suwannee identified in Suwannee River (Hornsby et al. River (Hornsby et al. 2000)2000)

The change point The change point ((0.286 mg/L0.286 mg/L) is the ) is the NONO33 concentration concentration causing the switch of causing the switch of cell densitycell density

Mean NOx (Mg/L)

Me

an

Ce

ll D

en

sity

(/S

qu

are

-CM

)

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

02*

10^5

4*10

^56*

10^5

8*10

^510

^6

Nutrient TMDLs for the Wekiva River & Rock Nutrient TMDLs for the Wekiva River & Rock Springs Run 2007Springs Run 2007

A negative A negative correlation was correlation was observed between observed between the NOthe NO33 concentration & the concentration & the ecological ecological efficiency (Knight efficiency (Knight 2005)2005)

Using the summer Using the summer time reference time reference creek ecological creek ecological efficiency as the efficiency as the target, the target target, the target NONO33 concentration concentration is is 0.293 mg/L0.293 mg/L

y = -0.2034x + 0.3096

R2 = 0.6692

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

0.5

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4

Nitrate concentration (mg/L)

Ec

olo

gic

al

eff

icie

nc

y (

g O

2/m

ol)

Target NOx = 0.293 mg/L

Nutrient TMDLs for the Wekiva River & Rock Nutrient TMDLs for the Wekiva River & Rock Springs Run 2007 -ContinuedSprings Run 2007 -Continued

Nutrient amendment Nutrient amendment studies on studies on Lyngbya Lyngbya wolleiwollei were conducted were conducted by Cowell & Dawes by Cowell & Dawes (2004).(2004).

Significant increase in Significant increase in biomass of biomass of Lyngbya Lyngbya wolleiwollei was observed was observed when when NONO33 concentration reaches concentration reaches 0.3 mg/L.0.3 mg/L.

Further decrease of Further decrease of NONO33 below 0.3 mg/L did below 0.3 mg/L did not cause dramatic not cause dramatic decrease in biomass.decrease in biomass.

Suggested Suggested NONO33 target: target: 0.300 mg/L0.300 mg/L

Ecological Condition Of Algae & Nutrients In Ecological Condition Of Algae & Nutrients In Florida Springs: The Synthesis Report Florida Springs: The Synthesis Report

(Stevenson et al, 2007)(Stevenson et al, 2007) The saturating concentrations for The saturating concentrations for

nitrate(NOnitrate(NO33), are the concentrations at ), are the concentrations at which growth was predicted to be elevated which growth was predicted to be elevated by 90% above which no effects of nutrient by 90% above which no effects of nutrient reduction would be expectedreduction would be expected

Saturating concentrations of NOSaturating concentrations of NO3 3 atat 0.230 0.230 (mg/L)(mg/L) and and 0.261 (mg/L)0.261 (mg/L) for two taxa of for two taxa of common macroalgae that occurred in common macroalgae that occurred in extensive growth. extensive growth.

(Stevenson et al, 2007)(Stevenson et al, 2007)

SummarySummaryNitrate Concentration TargetNitrate Concentration Target

Suwannee River periphtyon study: Suwannee River periphtyon study: 0.286 0.286 mg/L.mg/L.

Wekiva River & Rock Springs Run Wekiva River & Rock Springs Run ecological efficiency study: ecological efficiency study: 0.293 mg/L0.293 mg/L

L. wolleiL. wollei nutrient amendment study: nutrient amendment study: 0.300 0.300 mg/Lmg/L

Saturation Study: saturating concentrations Saturation Study: saturating concentrations of NOof NO3 3 atat 0.230 (mg/L)0.230 (mg/L) and and 0.261 (mg/L) 0.261 (mg/L)

The final nitrate concentration target for The final nitrate concentration target for this TMDL is: this TMDL is: 0.286 mg/L0.286 mg/L

The target is a monthly average targetThe target is a monthly average target

Calculating ReductionCalculating ReductionNitrate (NONitrate (NO33))

Nitrite + Nitrate concentrations in Nitrite + Nitrate concentrations in Mainstem WBIDs over the 1999 – Mainstem WBIDs over the 1999 –

2006 period2006 period

YearYear JANJAN FEBFEB MARMAR APRAPR MAYMAY JUNJUN JULJUL AUGAUG SEPSEP OCTOCT NOVNOV DECDEC

199919990.750.75

88 0.3130.3130.620.62

44 0.6850.6850.730.73

55 0.7610.761 0.6850.685 0.6560.656 0.6660.666 0.8330.833 0.6710.671 0.8170.817

200020000.850.85

44 0.7730.7730.560.56

00 0.2050.2050.620.62

33 0.4150.415 0.4710.471 0.4190.419 0.3650.365 0.5140.514 0.8840.884 0.8280.828

200120010.370.37

00 0.4260.4260.400.40

77 0.2130.2130.590.59

66 0.5460.546 0.3190.319 0.2890.289 0.6870.687 0.7960.796 0.8410.841 0.8430.843

200220020.800.80

77 0.7160.7160.140.14

33 0.3990.3990.600.60

99 0.5630.563 0.3950.395 0.5030.503 0.5890.589 0.6600.660 0.5090.509 0.4240.424

200320030.200.20

44 0.6200.6200.050.05

44 0.1380.1380.530.53

88 0.5860.586 0.3390.339 0.3550.355 0.3690.369 0.9860.986 0.5280.528 0.9200.920

200420040.850.85

99 0.2090.2090.270.27

00 0.8160.8160.830.83

77 0.8000.800 0.4960.496 0.5530.553 0.0510.051 0.0060.006 0.4960.496 0.3840.384

200520050.400.40

44 0.5810.5810.110.11

99 0.0220.0220.350.35

00 0.4470.447 0.1900.190 0.1900.190 0.7190.719 0.9440.944 1.0211.021 0.7200.720

200620060.110.11

44 0.0790.0790.280.28

33 0.9460.9460.880.88

11 0.8250.825 0.7720.772 0.6590.659 2.2752.275 0.5480.548 0.8210.821 0.7970.797

AverageAverage0.540.54

66 0.4650.4650.300.30

88 0.4280.4280.640.64

66 0.6180.618 0.4580.458 0.4530.453 0.7150.715 0.6610.661 0.7210.721 0.7160.716

Maximum of monthly Maximum of monthly averagesaverages

0.720.7211

Percent Reduction 60.36%

Middle Suwannee

Total Phosphorus (TP)Total Phosphorus (TP)

Historic Trends in TPHistoric Trends in TP

TP at Middle Suwannee

0.000

0.050

0.100

0.150

0.200

0.250

0.300

0.350

0.400

0.450

0.500

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Year

TP

(m

g/L

)

TP Lower Suwannee

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Year

TP

(m

g/L

)

TP Lower Santa Fe

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Year

TP

(m

g/L

)

TP Upper Santa Fe

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Year

TP

(m

g/L

)

= OFW Designation 1984= Target Years

TP concentrations in Mainstem TP concentrations in Mainstem WBIDs over the 1999 – 2006 WBIDs over the 1999 – 2006

periodperiod

Percent Reduction 22.73%

Middle SuwanneeYear JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

1999 0.197 0.130 0.123 0.150 0.125 0.095 0.171 0.147 0.103 0.215 0.331 0.143

2000 0.111 0.167 0.133 0.136 0.113 0.070 0.116 0.189 0.179 0.133 0.096 0.112

2001 0.106 0.088 0.133 0.122 0.140 0.135 0.203 0.221 0.210 0.232 0.241 0.202

2002 0.195 0.297 0.278 0.250 0.195 0.261 0.251 0.246 0.280 0.157 0.185 0.340

2003 0.109 0.136 0.237 0.166 0.159 0.190 0.175 0.161 0.188 0.197 0.153 0.131

2004 0.231 0.169 0.137 0.127 0.250 0.119 0.172 0.198 0.318 0.160 0.142 0.144

2005 0.146 0.146 0.181 0.140 0.154 0.184 0.183 0.180 0.169 0.145 0.141 0.209

2006 0.190 0.184 0.118 0.136 0.141 0.163 0.136 0.194 0.158 0.208 0.151 0.190

Average 0.161 0.164 0.167 0.153 0.160 0.152 0.176 0.192 0.201 0.181 0.180 0.184

Maximum of monthly averages 0.201

Planning Planning UnitUnit

Max Max Monthly Monthly Avg Avg (mg/L)(mg/L)

TargetTarget Percent Percent ReductionReduction

Middle Middle SuwanneeSuwannee

0.2010.201 0.1550.155 22.73%22.73%

Lower Lower SuwanneeSuwannee

0.1360.136 0.1100.110 19.41%19.41%

Lower Lower Santa FeSanta Fe

0.1540.154 0.080.08 48%48%

TPTP

TMDL & ReductionsTMDL & Reductions

NitrateNitrateTarget Target (mg/L)(mg/L)

TPTPTarget (mg/L)Target (mg/L)

Middle Middle SuwanneeSuwannee

0.286 0.286 0.1550.155

Lower Lower SuwanneeSuwannee

0.2860.286 0.1100.110

Lower Lower Santa FeSanta Fe

0.286 0.286 0.0800.080

Current ConditionsCurrent Conditions Maximum Monthly Average 0.065mg/L NO3

Maximum Monthly Average 0.721mg/L NO3 0.201mg/L TP

Maximum Monthly Average 0.838mg/L NO30.136mg/L TP

Lower Santa FeMaximum Monthly Average 0.535mg/L NO30.154mg/L TP

Upper Santa FeMaximum Monthly Average 0.197mg/L NO3

Percent ReductionsPercent ReductionsTo Reach Targets To Reach Targets

Upper Santa FePercent Reduction0.00% NO3

Percent Reduction0.00% NO3

Middle SuwanneePercent Reduction60.36% NO3

22.73% TP

Lower SuwanneePercent Reduction65.86% NO3

19.41% TP

Lower Santa FePercent Reduction46.54% NO3

0% TP

Summary & ConclusionSummary & Conclusion