Krusenberg Herrgård12 June 2007

L Nordh/Mats André

Swedish Report to ILWS

2

Swedish ILWS in short

Swedish scientist are active in a range of ILWS-related studies, involving observations from both space and the ground (Eiscat). The studies address the following:

The Earth’s upper atmosphere The Earth’s Ionosphere and Magnetosphere The environments of solar system bodies Space weather, including the Sun itself

Satellite Objective Operation

Viking Investigation of plasma physics and the auroral phenomena

1986-1987

Freja High-resolution measurements in the upper ionosphere and lower magnetosphere (co-operation: Germany)

1992-1996

Astrid-1 Investigation of near plasma with emphasis on neutral particle phenomena

1995

Astrid-2 High-resolution measurements of electrical and magnetic fields in the auroral region

1998/1999

Munin Equipped with instruments for auroral studies 2000

Odin Combined astronomy and aeronomy mission (together with France, Canada and Finland)

2001 - …

PRISMA Technology demonstration for Formation Flying.Tests also a MEMS-based particle detector. Together with France, Germany and Denmark

2008(9)

PREMIER Proposal to ESA for studies of the Earth’s atmosphere.Assessment study on-going. Will, if successful, include a Swedish radiometer. UK PI.

2014 (?) -…

The ”national” satellite programme

4

ESA ”ILWS Satellites” with Swedish participation or interest

In operation

- Cassini/Huygens

- Cluster and Double Star (IRF-U, IRF- K)

- SOHO (IRF-Lund; space weather)

- Mars Express (IRF- K)

- Venus Express (IRF- K)

- Rosetta (IRF- U, IRF- K; Uppsala Astronomy)

Decided or planned

- Bepi Colombo (MMO and MPO); IRF, KTH

- Solar Orbiter (in-situ and remote sensing); IRF, KTH, Alba Nova Astronomy

- SWARM (IRF-U)- ExoMars

5

Other ”ILWS Satellites” with Swedish participation or interest

Data analysis/in operation/on-going

Interball Polar Hinode (IRF-Lund; space weather) Chandrayaan – 1 (2008; IRF-K;

Particles) MMS (2013; IRF-U, KTH/Alfvén

Laboratory; fields and waves) UNAMSATMAI (late 2007; test of

miniaturised plasma instruments on a Mexican-Russian nanosatellite; IRF, KTH)

Planned or considered participation

SCOPE (Japan), together with Solar Orbiter

Solar Sentinels (together with Solar Orbiter)

Yinghou-1 and Phobos-Grunt (IRF-K; Mars studies)

SDO (IRF-Lund; space weather)

6

”ILWS missions” proposed for Cosmic Vision 2015-25

- Cross-Scale/SCOPE

- TANDEM (Titan and Enceladus Mission)

- MEMO (Mars Environment and Magnetic Orbiter)

- EVE (European Venus Explorer)

- A mission to Europa and the Jupiter system

- PHOIBOS (Probing Heliospheric Origins with an Inner Bound)

- WARP (Waves and Relativistic Particles)

- IHP (Interstellar Heliopause Probe)

7

Future ”Opportunity Missions”

Small dedicated plasma science spacecraft

For example, piggy-back to planet or moon

8

Studies of:Star and planet building Ozone destruction and global warming throughobservations of trace gases

Participacting statesSweden, Finland, France and Canada

InstrumentRadiometer (487-575 GHz; 119 GHz) and optical/IR spectrometer

In operation since 20 February 2001.

”Third-party ESA-mission since January

2007.

An Aeronomy and Astronomy Mission

9

Example of Odin results

10

Cluster 2000/on-going Electric fields and waves (IRF-Uppsala)

Temporal evolution of auroral electric fields

(Marklund et al. Nature, 2001)

11

Discovery of Alfvén vortecies(Sundkvist et al., Nature, 2005)

Magnetic reconnection in turbulent plasma(Retinò et al., Nature Physics, 2007)

12

Mars Express 2003/on-going Charged and neutral particles (IRF-Kiruna)

• Small atmospheric outflow

(Barabash et al. Science, 2006)• Aurora on Mars

(Lundin et al. Science, 2006)• Atmospheric outflow

(Lundin et al. Science, 2004)

13

Venus Express

2005/on-going Ions, electrons, and neutral particles (IRF-Kiruna) Compositon of the escaping plasma (IRF-Kiruna) Global structure of the interaction region ( 4 papers for

PSS special issue)

Before IMB After IMB At PS

14

Space Weather on VEX / MEX

Solar flare in December 2006 observed at Venus and Mars (Futaana et al., 2007)

Rosetta

OSIRIS -- UAO

LAP -- IRF Uppsala

ICA -- IRF Kiruna

Rosetta

16

Titan atmospheric outflow (Wahlund et al., Science, 2005)

E-ring, dust-plasma, andastrophysical accretion discs

Cassini 1997/2004 on-going Plasma density and temp

(IRF-Uppsala)