symbiotic relationships in coral reefs
DESCRIPTION
Symbiotic Relationships in Coral Reefs. Symbiosis. “Living Together”. Types of Symbiosis. Mutualism Both the symbiont and host benefit. Commensalism The symbiont benefits with little effect on the host. Parasitism The symbiont benefits to the detriment of the host. Aegism - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Symbiotic Relationships in Coral
Reefs
Symbiotic Relationships in Coral
Reefs
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SymbiosisSymbiosis
“Living Together”
“Living Together”
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Types of SymbiosisTypes of Symbiosis• Mutualism
– Both the symbiont and host benefit.
• Commensalism– The symbiont benefits with little
effect on the host.
• Parasitism– The symbiont benefits to the
detriment of the host.
• Mutualism– Both the symbiont and host
benefit.
• Commensalism– The symbiont benefits with little
effect on the host.
• Parasitism– The symbiont benefits to the
detriment of the host.
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• Aegism– An association for protection
• Inquilism– One organism shelters within another
organisms
• Endoecism– One org shelters in the burrow or defensive
shelter of another
• Phoresis– One org uses another for transportation
• Epizoism- A sessile org lives on top of another
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Obligate Versus Facultative
Relationships
Obligate Versus Facultative
Relationships
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Obligate Relationship:Relationship is necessary for organism to surviveEx. coral and zooxanthellae
Facultative Relationship:Can survive without symbiont, but not as wellEx. anemone fish and anemone
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MutualismMutualism
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zooxanthellae and coralszooxanthellae and corals
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Zooxanthellae give corals:• Increase coral growth by enhancing
calcification process• Provide energy• Give oxygen
Coral give zooxanthellae:• Nitrogen waste• A place to live• Carbon dioxide waste• Protection through their hard skeletons and
stinging cells• Harmful UV light is filtered by coral
pigments
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Trapezia crab coming out of its
host coral (Pocillopora
damicornis) to attack the arm of an invading Crown of
Thorns Starfish
Trapezia crab coming out of its
host coral (Pocillopora
damicornis) to attack the arm of an invading Crown of
Thorns Starfish
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anemonefish and sea anemones
anemonefish and sea anemones
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goby shrimp and the Hawaiian shrimp gobygoby shrimp and the
Hawaiian shrimp goby
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cleaner wrasse cleaning stations
cleaner wrasse cleaning stations
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banded coral shrimpbanded coral shrimp
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scarlet cleaner shrimp
scarlet cleaner shrimp
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pompom crabs and sea
anemones
pompom crabs and sea
anemones
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anemone hermit crab and sea anemones
anemone hermit crab and sea anemones
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Decorator Crab Sponge crab
Camouflage
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Hunting strategies
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Mangrove and sponges
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CommensalismCommensalism
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sea cucumber crab and sea cucumberssea cucumber crab and sea cucumbers
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Christmas tree worms and Porites corals
Christmas tree worms and Porites corals
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coral shrimps and coralscoral shrimps and corals
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gall crabs and pocilloporid corals
gall crabs and pocilloporid corals
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petroglyph shrimp and Porites lobatapetroglyph shrimp and Porites lobata
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squat anemone shrimp and sea
anemones
squat anemone shrimp and sea
anemones
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crabs and sea anemonescrabs and sea anemones
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sea star shrimp and sea stars
sea star shrimp and sea stars
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urchin shrimp and sea urchinsurchin shrimp
and sea urchins
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shrimpfish & sea urchinsshrimpfish & sea urchins
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Barnacles on whale
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Remora on whale shark (open water)
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ParasitismParasitism
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Epitomium snails andmushroom corals
Epitomium snails andmushroom corals
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parasitic flatworms and rice
coral
parasitic flatworms and rice
coral
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parasitic nudibranc
hs
parasitic nudibranc
hs
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coral “zits” on Porites compressa
coral “zits” on Porites compressa
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bacterial diseases on corals
bacterial diseases on corals
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Ewa “fangtooth” blenny
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Cookie-cutter shark
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Inquiry
1. Define mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism.
2. Provide examples of each.3. What are the benefits the
zooxanthellae and coral receive?