synergies between catalysis & energy storage · and cost intensive. 8 power generation fuel for...
TRANSCRIPT
Norbert Ringer, Stephan Eckle
Clariant BU Catalysts
03.12.2014
Synergies between Catalysis & energy storage
Clariant at a Glance
A globally leading company in specialty chemicals
Employees 2014Employees 2014
Business AreasBusiness AreasNet result 2014 (CHF m)from continuing operationsNet result 2014 (CHF m)from continuing operations
Sales 2014 (CHF m)from continuing operationsSales 2014 (CHF m)from continuing operations
6116 235 4
17 003EBITDA 2014 (CHF m) before exceptionalsEBITDA 2014 (CHF m) before exceptionals
867 110 in 60companies countriescompanies countries
A globally leading company in specialty chemicals
Confidential2
Confidential3
Business Unit Catalysts - former Süd-Chemiebecomes one of the leading global catalyst suppliers
One of the leading global catalyst suppliers with a broad portfolio of products for many chemicals and fuels processes, including those that enable the use of alternative raw materials, such as natural gas, coal and biomass.
SPECIALTY CATALYSTS PRODUCTION, SALES & R&D
SYNGAS PETROCHEMICALS
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2050: 80% electricity from PV + Wind fluctuating charactere
mismatch between supply and demand
Contribution of Renewable Energies to power consumptionSource: German ministry of environment
Power Sector Germany - Goals
2030 with ~ 50% power from renewables: the demand for energy storage is expected to rise
CO2 reuse in chemical industry < 1 % of CO2 emissions
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Utilization of CO2 in Industrial Applications
Biggest applications:• CO2 in Chemical products (Urea, MeOH, ….)• CO2 for Enhanced Oil Recovery (mainly USA) • CO2 in beverages, as extraction medium…..
110 Miot60 Mio t
< 20 Mio t∑ 190 Mio t
CO2 reuse relative to emissions < 1 %
CO2 emissions 2014
CO2 emissions (source: IEA)CO2 concentration in the atmosphere
~34 Gt / year400 ppm
→ potential to reuse CO2 in fuels significantly higher → Power to Gas / Liquids
Options for Energy Storage
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Power to Liquids:CH3OH, DME….LOHC: liquid hydrocarbons
Energy storage 100GWh – 100 TWh > 1 month:
Power to Gas H2 / CH4 or Power to Liquids CH3OH
-0,2 EU-0,2 EU
What is Power to Gas / Liquids about?
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Energy Content
1 EU(EU = EnergyUnit) 0,8 EU
H2~ 0,60 EU(for MeOH, fossil CO2
separation included)
CH4
CH3OH
ElectrolysisH2 + CO2Catalysis
RepoweringCH4
Mobility
Potential of Methanol� Renewable Base-Chemicals
� Renewable Fuels:
Methanol in Gasoline
Methanol to Gasoline
Methanol to DME
Methanol for Biodiesel / Fuel Additives
CH3OH
CO2
Separation / Purification
Separation of greenCO2 less energyand cost intensive
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Power generationFuel for mobilityHeating
CO / H2
CH4
CH3OH
-(CH2)-
Util
izat
ion
Diesel like fuels
Base-ChemicalsMTP,….Fuels DMEMeOH to GasolineMTBE
Established technologies
for SynGas Conversion
based on CLARIANT catalysts
Fossile Resources
Clariant / AL / Lurgi
MegaMethanol
Clariant / AMEC Foster Wheeler
Vesta Process
Catalysis based on SynGas
SynGas
Fischer Tropsch
Steam Reforming
Coal Gasi-fication
Heavy Residue
Gsification
Off Gases
Fossil Resources
Natural Gas
Coal
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CO CO2 / H2
CH4
CH3OH
-(CH2)-
Synthetic Natural Gas
Contribution of CLARIANT BU Catalysts
SynthesisGas
Fischer Tropsch
Established technologies for the conversion of Synthesis Gas based on CLARIANT catalysts
Nickel basedCatalysts
Methanol
Cobalt based Catalysts
Copper/Zincbased
Catalysts
Steam Reforming
Coal Gasi-fication
Heavy Residue
Gsification
Off Gases
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Catalysis for Chemical Energy storage
H2
CH4
CH3OH
Ele
ctro
lysi
s
Flu
ctua
ting
rege
nera
tive
ener
gies
Wind
Sun
Water
CO2
Fossile Resources Current activities to adapt to CO2
as abundant raw material
Util
izat
ion
BiogasFlue gasesetc
CO2
-(CH2)-
Distribution via gas grid
Power generationFuel for mobilityHeating
Base-ChemicalsMTP,….FuelsDMEMeOH to GasolineMTBE
Power Transition: Methane vs. Methanol
• Suitability of a CO2 based Methanol technology under intermittent availability of Hydrogen not demonstrated yet.
• Little experience available yet for start / stop behaviour etc
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?Renewable CH4
> 90% Conversion
Per pass
CO2 conversion per pass ~ 40%
CO2 + 3H2 ⥨ CH3OH + H2O
∆HR = - 49.3 kJ/mol
CO2 + 4H2 ⥨ CH4 + 2 H2O
∆HR = - 164.9 kJ/mol
CO2 based MeOH technology better suited for continuos state of operation?
Source: Lurgi
Demonstration task for renewable Methanol: Suitability for intermittent operation
CO2 based Methanol technology needs recycle of non reacted feedgas because ofreduced thermodynamic driving force → more complex process technology
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Renewable CH4 > 90% Conversion per pass
CO2 conversion per pass ~ 40%
CO2 + 3H2 ⥨ CH3OH + H2O
∆HR = - 49.3 kJ/mol
CO2 + 4H2 ⥨ CH4 + 2 H2O
∆HR = - 164.9 kJ/mol
The dynamic range of a renewable MeOH plant will strongly influence the economics for storage of excess energy
Source: LurgiGöhna, König
Cu
ZnO
MeOH from CO2 - MegaMax® Cu/ZnO/AlOx
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� Overall reaction less exothermic� High catalyst activity also in CO2 mode� High H2O content ⇒ Adaption of Processtechnology� Higher selectivity, less byproducts� Deactivation similar to high CO conditions� Lower productivity compared to CO conditions
Norbert Ringer, Stephan Eckle
Clariant BU Catalysts
03.12.2014
Economic Analysis ofPower to Gas CH4
Power to Liquid CH3OH
Indicative scenario of specific methane production costs
Scenario parameters: 2,2GW Electrolysis / 1.150€/kW / 2,64 Mio.m3/day Methane capacity
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High CAPEX:Electrolysis ~ 70 - 80%
Power to Gas needs appropriate incentives
Indicative scenario of specific methanol production costs
Scenario parameters: 2,2GW Electrolysis / 1.150€/kW / 5.000 mt/day Methanol
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High CAPEX:Electrolysis ~ 70-80%
Similar situation as Power to Gas
Specific methanol/methane production costs
Normalization on energy content €/GJ
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5 ct/kWh
3 ct/kWh
1 ct/kWh
: methanol: methane
Basic Cost Scenario for methane / methanol very similar
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o Catalyst technology
� Catalysts commercially available for both Power to gas and Power to Liquid
(Methanol) applications
� Results show very stable performance
o Demonstration plant Power to Gas / Power to Liquids (Methanol)
� Power to Gas: achieved
� Power to Liquid: still ongoing
o Techno economic comparison
� Major cost driver: H2 – costs, plant utilization, energy price
� Regulatory environment
Summary