syntax the ordering of the words in a sentence according to their meaning in the sentence. the boy...

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Syntax The ordering of the words in a sentence according to their meaning in the sentence. The boy gives roses to the girl. The Subject The Verb The Direct Object The Indirect Object

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Page 1: Syntax The ordering of the words in a sentence according to their meaning in the sentence. The boy gives roses to the girl. The Subject The Verb The Direct

Syntax

The ordering of the words in a sentence according to their meaning in the sentence.

The boy gives roses to the girl.The Subject

The Verb

The Direct ObjectThe Indirect Object

Page 2: Syntax The ordering of the words in a sentence according to their meaning in the sentence. The boy gives roses to the girl. The Subject The Verb The Direct

Syntax

English can be strict, but…

The boy gives the girl roses.The Subject

The Verb

The Direct ObjectThe Indirect Object

Page 3: Syntax The ordering of the words in a sentence according to their meaning in the sentence. The boy gives roses to the girl. The Subject The Verb The Direct

Syntax

In Latin, syntax is not so strict, so a sentence could be written as…

Poēta puellae magnās rosās dat.

The SubjectThe Verb

The Direct ObjectThe Indirect

ObjectThis is probably the most This is probably the most popular order for the Latin popular order for the Latin sentence, but you must be sentence, but you must be ready for something…ready for something…

Page 4: Syntax The ordering of the words in a sentence according to their meaning in the sentence. The boy gives roses to the girl. The Subject The Verb The Direct

Syntax

such as this…

Magnās rosās puellae poēta dat. The Subject

The Verb

The Direct ObjectThe Indirect

Object

Page 5: Syntax The ordering of the words in a sentence according to their meaning in the sentence. The boy gives roses to the girl. The Subject The Verb The Direct

Syntax

And this…

Puellae poēta dat magnās rosās.

The SubjectThe VerbThe Direct

Object

The Indirect Object

Page 6: Syntax The ordering of the words in a sentence according to their meaning in the sentence. The boy gives roses to the girl. The Subject The Verb The Direct

Syntax

You could probably get away with this…

Dat poēta magnās rosās puellae.

The Subject

The Verb

The Direct Object The Indirect

Object

Page 7: Syntax The ordering of the words in a sentence according to their meaning in the sentence. The boy gives roses to the girl. The Subject The Verb The Direct

Syntax

This is why you must memorize the cases and their use in the

sentence to know what the Latin says!

Page 8: Syntax The ordering of the words in a sentence according to their meaning in the sentence. The boy gives roses to the girl. The Subject The Verb The Direct

So, you have to…

1. Read the sentence completely before starting to translate.

2. Find the verb.3. Find a stated subject (sometimes in

verb only)4. Figure out the part of speech of the

other words and decide what they might modify…

5. Define the words and translate.

Page 9: Syntax The ordering of the words in a sentence according to their meaning in the sentence. The boy gives roses to the girl. The Subject The Verb The Direct

Deciphering the Sentence

Fortūnam et vītam antīquae patriae saepe laudās sed recūsās

Find the Verb

Does it have a Subject expressed?

What part of speech are the other words and what do they modify?

NO

Page 10: Syntax The ordering of the words in a sentence according to their meaning in the sentence. The boy gives roses to the girl. The Subject The Verb The Direct

Deciphering the Sentence

Obdūrō, mea puella – sed sine tē nōn valeō

Find the Verb

Does it have a Subject expressed?

What part of speech are the other words and what do they modify?

NO