SYNTHETIC FABRICS

TEXTILE HISTORY 8TH GRADE

THE WORD TEXTILE COMES FROM THE LATIN WORD ¨TEXERE¨ THAT MEANS

¨TO WEAVE¨. TEXTILE REFERS TO A FLEXIBLE MATERIAL COMPRISING TO A NETWORK OF NATURAL OR ARTIFICIAL FIBERS KNOWN AS YARN. TEXTILES ARE FORMED BY WEAVING,KNITTING,CROCHETING,KNOTTING AND PRESSING FIBERS TOGETHER.

TEXTILES ARE OLD AS HUMAN CIVILIZATIONS.IN THE 6th and 7th CENTURY BC THE OLDEST INDICATION OF USING FIBER COMES WITH THE INVENTION OF FLAX AND WOOL AT THE EXCAVATIONS OF SWISS LAKE INHABITANTS.

IN INDIA, THE CULTURE OF SILK WAS INTRODUCED IN 400 AD WHILE SPINING COTTON WAS AROUND 3000BC.

IN CHINA SPIN SILK METHODS STARTED IN 2640 BC.

IN EGYPT SPINNING LINEN AND WEAVING DEVELOPED IN 3400 BC.

IN IRAK AND IRAN TEXTILE MANUFACTURING BECAME SOPHISTICATED SINCE THEY STARTED ADDING GOLD AND SILVER TO THEIR CLOTHS.

IN THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES THE INVENTIONS OF MACHINES PROCESSING NATURAL FIBERS WAS A DIRECT OUTCOME OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION.

TEXTILE HISTORY 8TH GRADE

THE WORD TEXTILE COMES FROM THE LATIN WORD ¨TEXERE¨ THAT MEANS

¨TO WEAVE¨. TEXTILE REFERS TO A FLEXIBLE MATERIAL COMPRISING TO A NETWORK OF NATURAL OR ARTIFICIAL FIBERS KNOWN AS YARN. TEXTILES ARE FORMED BY WEAVING,KNITTING,CROCHETING,KNOTTING AND PRESSING FIBERS TOGETHER.

TEXTILES ARE OLD AS HUMAN CIVILIZATIONS.IN THE 6th and 7th CENTURY BC THE OLDEST INDICATION OF USING FIBER COMES WITH THE INVENTION OF FLAX AND WOOL AT THE EXCAVATIONS OF SWISS LAKE INHABITANTS.

IN INDIA, THE CULTURE OF SILK WAS INTRODUCED IN 400 AD WHILE SPINING COTTON WAS AROUND 3000BC.

IN CHINA SPIN SILK METHODS STARTED IN 2640 BC.

IN EGYPT SPINNING LINEN AND WEAVING DEVELOPED IN 3400 BC.

IN IRAK AND IRAN TEXTILE MANUFACTURING BECAME SOPHISTICATED SINCE THEY STARTED ADDING GOLD AND SILVER TO THEIR CLOTHS.

IN THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES THE INVENTIONS OF MACHINES PROCESSING NATURAL FIBERS WAS A DIRECT OUTCOME OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION.

THREAD AND YARN MACHINE

ANCIENT LOOMS MAKING TEXTILES

SYNTHETIC CLOTHS Rayon: This fiber is semisynthetic since its basic material is the

cellulose of the pulp of the wood.It is absorbent and soft. Used in clothing so as in medical and surgery products.Before known as artificial silk.Rayon imitates silk,wool,cotton and linen.

Its is mostly used for making men ties,men suits,curtains,and fancy dresses.

 Nylon: Made up of resines mixed with carbon ,air and water.Very resistent but it doesn’t have absorbency.Can’t resist any heat when ironed. Excellent durability.Bleach doesn’t affect its color.

Used in shirts,dresses,panty hoses, womens interior clothe,and in furniture. . Nylon Rayon Rayon

POLIESTER: It is made from petroleum. This cloth never wrinkles.It accumulates electric static,dries extremely

fast.very resitent,Resists bleaches. Mostly used for pillow filling and comforters so as for clothe. Lycra : It is an elastic fiber. Not absorbent and has lots of

durability.Resists bleach and sun.Dries very fast. Used in swimming suits,sport clothe,socks and interior clothe.   LYCRAPOLIESTER

THREAD MACHINE

REMOVING STAINS REMOVING STAINS FROM CERTAIN CLOTHES

CAN BE VERY HARD AND SOMETIMES THE RESULTS ARE UNSATISFACTORY. THERE ARE SEVERAL SUBSTANCES AT HOME THAT CAN BE USED IN ORDER TO REMOVE THEM WITHOUT DAMAGING YOUR CLOTH.

OIL : ADD TALC OR BODY POWDER TO YOUR SPOT. LET IT STILL FOR A SHORT WHILE UNTIL THE POWDER ABSORBS THE OIL.THEN WASH THE PORTION WITH HOT WATER AND LAUNDRY SOAP.

GUM: SCRUB WITH ICE THE PORTION OF CLOTH THAT HAS GUM UNTIL IT IS TAKEN OUT.

GREASE: ADD GASOLINE TO THE BLACK STAINS .LET IT STAY FOR A WHILE AND THEN WASH THE PORTION WITH HOT WATER.

KETCHUP : LET THE PIECE SOAK IN DISHWASHER SOAP AND WATER. THEN WASH THROUGHLY.

CHOCOLATE: LET YOUR PIECE SOAK IN WARM WATER AND THEN WASH IT WITH DETERGENT.

INK : SOAK THE PIECE IN MILK OR IN LEMON JUICE. TRANSPIRATION: SOAK PIECE IN IN HOT WATER AND

VINEGAR BEFORE WASHING IT. OIL PAINT: SOAK PIECE IN TURPENTINE OIL AND LET

IT DRY. BRUSH IT OFF AND WASH. WATER PAINT: WASH IN WITH HOT WATER AND

BRUSH THE PAINT OFF. COFFEE OR TEA:LET THE PIECE SOAK IN WARM

WATER.

THE METRIC BANDTHE METRIC BANDTHIS INSTRUMENT IS USED FOR MEASURING PARTS OF YOUR BODY WHEN MAKING A PATTERN TO MAKE ANY TYPE OF CLOTHE .IT HAS TWO SIDES;ONE IS IN INCHES AND THE OTHER ONE IS IN CENTIMETERS. A YARD HAS 36 INCHES, HALFOF A YARD HAS 18 INCHES AND

ONE FOURTH OF A YARD HAS 9 INCHES.

DIVISION OF AN INCH: AN INCH IS DIVIDED IN 8/8 AN INCH IS DIVIDED IN 2/2 AN INCH IS DIVIDED IN 4/4 ½ INCH IS DIVIDED IN 4/8 0F INCH. ½ INCH IS DIVIDED IN

2/4 OF AN INCH.

Inches or centimeters can be used for making a pattern.The measurements taken must be exact.When taking measurements the person must be standing up straight and not moving around.When making a pant,skirt or short the following measures must be taken: Waist: Measure around the thinnest part of your torso. Hip: Measure around the widest part of your hips. Height hip: Measure sideways from your waist to the

most predominant point off your buttock. Length: Measure from the waist to the length desired. Hem: Measure around the width of the lower part of

your pant. Tiro: Sit on a chair and measure from the waist to the

seat of the chair.

EVALUATION   Piñata 30 pts. . 2 placemats 30 pts. Cooking lab 10 pts.     Partial exam 30 pts.

Placemats : 30 pts. Following instructions : 6 pts

Effort : 20 pts

Cleaness : 4 pts

Cooking Lab: 10 pts. Bringing cap and apron: 3 pts.

Bringing materials : 3 pts.

Following instructions : 4 pts. Leaving kitchen clean