system controllers

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SYSTEM CONTROLLERS

A NAVYA VISHNU1210410304



Electronic warfare (EW) refers to any action involvingthe use of the electromagnetic spectrum or directedenergy to control the spectrum, attack an enemy, orimpede enemy assaults via the spectrum.EW includes three major subdivisions: Electronic

Attack (EA), Electronic Protection (EP), and Electronicwarfare Support (ES).

ELECTRONIC WARFARE



The objective of the project is to design a systemcontroller which can interface the following: Can interface USART module: with RS-485, RS-232 support

Eight Single ended Analog sensors interface In-Circuit Serial (ICP)Programming Eight Pulse counting sensors interface

PROJECT DESCRIPTION



BLOCK DIAGRAM



The project is used in the Electronic Warfare to checkand control the status of different modules and tocommunicate through serial communication, usingRS232, RS485 and CANBus.

APPLICATION



Microcontroller CAN interface USART–

RS-232,RS-485 In-Circuit Serial Programming Sensors

MAIN CONSTITUENTS



A microcontroller is a small computer on a singleintegrated circuit containing a processor core,memory, and programmable input/outputperipherals.Micro suggests that the device is small, and controller

suggests that it is used in control applications.

MICROCONTROLLER



Micro controller used in this project is PIC18F2580PIC is a family of modified Harvard architecturemicrocontrollers made by Microchip Technology.PIC18F2580 has integrated CAN module.



CAN-Controller Area NetworkCAN bus is a vehicle bus standard designed to allowmicrocontrollers and devices to communicate witheach other within a vehicle without a host computer.CAN was initially created by German automotivesystem supplier Robert Bosch in the mid-1980s forautomotive applications as a method for enablingrobust serial communication.

CAN INTERFACE



The CAN bus has a multimaster structure where each deviceon the bus can send or receive data. Only one device can

send data at any time while all the others listen. If two ormore devices attempt to send data at the same time, theone with the highest priority is allowed to send its datawhile the others return to receive mode.



RS-232 is a standard interface approved by theElectronic Industries Association (EIA) for connectingserial devices.In serial I/O, data can be transmitted as either currentor voltage.

When data is transmitted in the form of voltage, RS-232 is the commonly used standard.

RS-232



RS-232 Serial Port



The driver used is MAX233.This is an RS232 <=>TTL interface chip that needs no externalcapacitors.

The MAX233 uses no external components andare recommended for applications whereprinted circuit board space is criticalApplications:

Portable computersLow power modems



MAX 233



When communicating at high data rates, or

over long distances in real worldenvironments, RS-485 is used.This standard is published by ELECTRONICINDUSTRIES ALLIANCE (EIA).It can offer data transmission speeds of35Mbits/s upto 10m and 100Kbits/s at1200m.

RS-485



ADM489 is used as a driver and enablecontrol for RS485 communication.ADM489 is chiefly intended for balanceddata transmission.

The ADM489 is low power, differential linetransceiver suitable for communication onmultipoint bus transmission lines.

Applications: Local area networksData multiplexers



In Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP) is a method ofdirectly programming PIC microcontrollers.

Micro-controllers are typically soldered directly to aprinted circuit board and usually do not have thecircuitry or space for a large external programmingcable to another computer. A separate piece ofhardware, called a programmer is required to connectto an I/O port of a PC on one side and to the PIC onthe other side.

In-Circuit Serial Programming



Examples of analog sensors:

PotentiometersProximityAccelerometers

Pulse sensors count the number of pulses and give a

digital output in TTL range. This information can beused by the microcontroller and can be used forfurther accessing of data.Example: counters



The hardware design of the project is implementedby using a Computer Aided Design (CAD) tool. TheCAD tool used in the project is OrCAD.OrCAD is a proprietary software tool suite usedprimarily for electronic design automation. The

software is mainly used to create electronicschematics and electronic prints for manufacturingprinted circuit boards.

Hardware Design



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The software design of the project is implemented byby using Mikroc PRO for PIC programmer. The mikroCPRO for PIC is an user-friendly and intuitiveenvironment. The mikroC PRO for PIC is a powerful,feature-rich development tool for PICmicrocontrollers. It is designed to provide theprogrammer with the easiest possible solution to

developing applications for embedded systems,without compromising performance or control.

Software Design



// Test Configuration : MCU : PIC18F2580 OSCILLATOR : HS, 10 MHz A/D Conversion Clock : 312.5KHz(Fosc/32) Acquisition time : 12.8usec Software : mikroc PRO for PIC VREF+ : AVDD VREF- : AVss// ******** A/D CONVERTER MODULE *********** void ADCINIT(){ TRISA=0x2F; // Initializing AN0-AN4 as input ports TRISB=0x13; // Initializing AN8-AN10 as input ports ADCON1=0x00; // configuring all 8 analog pins with VREF- = AVss and VREF+ =AVdd ADCON2=0x12; // result : left justified ; Tacq=4TAD ; a/d clock :fosc/32;}unsigned int ADCREAD(unsigned char ch){

switch (ch) { case(0): ADCON0=0x00; // AN0 is selected break; case(1): ADCON0=0x04; // AN1 is selected break;



case(2): ADCON0=0x08; // AN2 is selected break; case(3): ADCON0=0x0C; // AN3 is selected break; case(4): ADCON0=0x10; // AN4 is selected break; case(5): ADCON0=0x20; // AN8 is selected

break; case(6): ADCON0=0x24; // AN9 is selected break; case(7): ADCON0=0x28; // AN10 is selected break; } ADON_bit=1; //switch on the adc module GO_DONE_bit=1; //Start conversion while(GO_DONE_bit); //wait for the conversion to finish ADON_bit=0; //switch off adc return ADRESH; // return the result of a/d conversion

}



// Test Configuration :// MUC : PIC18F2580// OSCILLATOR : HS , 10 Mhz// BAUD RATE : 9600// Software : mikroc PRO for PIC

// ****** USART MODULE ******* void main() { char read ; int i; char str[20]="hello world" ; TRISC = 0xFF; // initializing port c as input port PORTC = 0xFF; Usart_Init(9600); // initializing usart module(library function in mikroc PRO for PIC) while(1) { for (i=0;i<=strlen(str);i++) { Usart_Write(str[i ]); // sending the character string “hello world” delay_ms(100); read=Usart_Read(); // receiving the data sent

delay_ms(100); Usart_Write(read); // resending the data received delay_ms(100); } } }



// File name : CAN.c// Test Configuration :// MUC : PIC18F2580// OSCILLATOR : HS , 10 Mhz// Software : mikroc PRO for PIC // ***** CAN INTERFACE MODULE ***** unsigned short x, y, len, z;unsigned short data[8];long id;unsigned short zr, cont, oldstate; void main(){ PORT A = 0; TRISA = 0; PORTB = 0;



TRISB = 0; x = 0; y = 0; z = 0; y = CAN_TX_PRIORITY_0 & CAN_TX_XTD_FRAME &

1. CAN_TX_NO_RTR_FRAME; x = CAN_CONFIG_SAMPLE_THRICE & CAN_CONFIG_PHSEG2_PRG_ON &

CAN_CONFIG_STD_MSG &

CAN_CONFIG_DBL_BUFFER_ON & CAN_CONFIG_VALID_XTD_MSG & CAN_CONFIG_LINE_FILTER_OFF; data[0] = 0;

CANInitialize(1,1,3,3,1,x); CANSetOperationMode(CAN_MODE_CONFIG,0xFF); id = -1;



CANSetMask(CAN_MASK_B1,ID,CAN_CONFIG_XTD_MSG); CANSetMask(CAN_MASK_B2,ID,CAN_CONFIG_XTD_MSG); CANSetFilter(CAN_FILTER_B2_F3,3,CAN_CONFIG_XTD_MSG); CANSetOperationMode(CAN_MODE_NORMAL,0xFF); PORTB = 0xFF; id = 12111; CANWrite(id,data,1,y); while (1) { oldstate = 0; zr = CANRead(&id, data , &len, &z); if ((id == 3) & zr) { PORTB = 0xAA; PORTA = data[0]; data[0]++ ;

if (len == 2) PORTB = data[1]; data[1] = 0xFF; id = 12111; CANWrite(id, data, 2,y); } }



The importance and robustness of serialcommunication and its implementation throughdifferent interfaces like CAN BUS, RS232,RS485 wasstudied. For hardware implementation of the project ,a detailed research was made on the OrCAD softwaretool. Similarly to implement software, Mikroc Pro forPIC was well studied and used. As a result , the

product has been successfully developed.

CONCLUSION

system controllers

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