«systematic innovation» in education and research in the...

« Systematic Innovation » in Education

and Research in the International Context:

A kind of quest for the Holy Grail!

Prof. J-M. LE LANN*

*Dean of INP-ENSIACET, Former President of Federation Gay-Lussac

University of Toulouse (INP-ENSIACET),

Laboratoire de Génie Chimique(LGC: B. Biscans), UMR CNRS 5503

EFCE: WP CAPE from 1987(Prof. Jiri Klemes), WP Education from 2006

(Prof. M. Pitt), Scientific Vice President From 2014

NE190407ESCAPE17.ppt

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion

The INP-ENSIACET engineer:

- invent and design the chemical PRODUCTS,

MATERIALS , PROCESSES & SERVICES for today

and tomorrow

-design, build and operate the FACTORIES

of the future

- manage technological INNOVATION and give answer

to the societal problems

MOLECULE technical

PROCESSEQUIPMENTS MARKETPRODUCT

ACE forum, Porto, 5th May 2014: « Systematic Innovation » in Education and Research in the International Context


Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion

The INP-ENSIACET (A7) engineer

- receive a strong general engineering background

- understand the WHOLE PROCESS

(From molecule to the delivery to the market

and more ….)

- acquire an extensive knowledge in one SPECIALITY

- is aware and/or found of Research activities

(CIRIMAT, LCA, LCC, LGC; 12 Meuros/year)



Introduction : Some general aspects (HSS)

Everybody has his or her own definition of innovation ?

but there is agreement on the fact that:

• It is distinct from Discovery, Invention and Creativity

• It is an end-to-end process whose objective is the

generation of value

• It is not a sporadic act and leading organizations try to

treat innovation as a systemic and systematic activity

(PSE)

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



• Discovery: Result of observations based on existing

data or information (not really the result of an inventive

activity, even if this one is creative): ie penicillin,

Radium,…

•Invention: Technical solution of a Technical problem.

It is possibly patent but should be « novel, not really a

direct result from technical status and must be used in all

types of industries »

Most of inventions didn’t know and never reach the

status of Innovation

•Creativity: Much more an human being attitude


ACE forum, Porto, 5th May 2014: « Systematic innovation » in Education and Research in the international context


Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion

Introduction : Concepts about Innovation

« Common shared definition »:

• Innovation is a process which allows any enterprise or

system to obtain substantial advantages on a market by a

significant evolution in its organization via new methods

or tools, or by the deliverance on the market of a novel

(creative) product, process or services enhancing

satisfaction for everybody

« It integrates the best of knowledge in a product or creative

service which allows to go further in the satisfaction for

everybody use it »


Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Concepts about Innovation

•Examples: Simple to more elaborate

Post-it (3M,1980: recycle of labels with defectuous glue)

VHS to DVD (Laser) ……

Internet: Unique resulting product issued from a military

strategy, scientific cooperation and controverse

innovation

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Two Types of innovation:

•Disruptive innovation(J. Schumpeter): completely new

concept, entire change in the way to be used and/or

including a technological disruption (ie: argentic

photography(Kodak, Ilford), numerical photography)

•Incremental innovation (« Kaizen innovation »): din’t

change too much the way of use, the technological status

but bring continuous and significant improvement (ie:

mobile phone(2G, 3G)---> Iphone (hand-touch screen)


Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Some general «approaches » for Innovation

• Edward de Bono and the (« lateral thinking »)

• The brainstorming

• The « Six thinking hats »

• Blue ocean strategy /Red Ocean strategy

→ Innovation-added value

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Example of “Blue ocean product” :

The solar circus: “a totally new

approach”New public : children / adults,

enterprises

New spectacle : sophisticated,

musical, feeric



Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion

General concepts on Innovation

Innovation change the society: « Creative disrupting

break » (J. Schumpeter)

• May appear in graps of innovations, after a major

innovation( Edison, steam power engine, integrated

electronic devices, internet, nanotechnologies,…)

•May affect the overall system on an economical point of

view: cycle of improvement/ killing phases



Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion


Innovation has to be adopted on a societal point of view:

To bring significant advantages, compatible with existing

technologies and with our competencies

Must be viewed as not too much complex in order to be

easily tried

Innovation is a result of a process comparative with a

pandemia (big role of communication and marketing,

classical medias, viral medias as blogs, early adopter

experiences,..)

A difficult and complicated process to manage

on a systematic way



Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion

Innovation is the end-to-end process by which

improved, renewed, or replacement products, solutions

and services are delivered in practice, generating new

« top line » business value

It should be driven by a comprehensive process

engineering approach less reliant on unreliable, sporadic

and ad-hoc creativity


Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Business

model

Finance

Networking

2. Networkingenterprise’s structure/value chain

1. Business modelhow the enterprise makes money

Channel

Delivery

Brand Customer

experience

10. Customer experience

how you create an overall

experience for customers

8. Channelhow you connect your offerings to your customers

9. Brandhow you express your offering’s benefit to customers

Core

process

Process.

Enabling

process

3. Enabling processassembled capabilities

4. Core processproprietary processes that add value

6. Product systemextended system that surrounds an offering

Product

performance

Offering

Product

system

Service

7. Servicehow you service your customers

5. Product performancebasic features, performance and functionality

From D O B L I N



http://www.fedex.com/us/search/?link=1

Core

process

Process.

Enabling

process

Business

model

Finance

Networking Product

performance

Offering

Product

system

Service Channel

Delivery

Brand Customer

experience

Source: Doblin analysis

Big investment

on Product Innovation

Volume of innovation effortsLast 10 years

Lo

Hi



Hi

Lo

Creation of added value —10 past years

Source: Doblin analysis

Core

process

Process.

Enabling

process

Business

model

Finance

Networking Product

performance

Offering

Product

system

Service Channel Brand Customer

experience

Less than 2% projects contribute

to more than 90% for value…

But for added value……



And in chemistry/Chemical Engineering (Rhodia/Solvay)…..

Silicates for “green”

tyres with little

resistance to motion

High technical plastics for

thermal applications to

replace metal spareparts

New generation of

catalysts for removal

of fine gasoil

particules

New “eco-friendly”

industrial solvents

(no toxicity or ecotoxic,

biodegradability)

Rhodiasolv®

RHODIA ENERGY SERVICES

Technology for reducing N2O

exhausts

Valorisation of CO2 exhausts

credits

RHODIA SILCEA

New process " green gaiacol "

mark of quality and

environmental label on the site

of Zhenjiang

Innovation is not only devoted to product,….



Effort for innovation at different phases of life cycle for

product/technology are quite different

Product/technology life cycle



Break

Free wheel

use of chain

1879 HJ Lawson

Steel structure, Direction, breaks,

steel wheel + latex

Use of chain via the rear wheel

Generation 1

1885 JK Starley

Rover Safety Bicycle

Modern Bicycle

De-multiplexer

1895 J Loubeyre

De-multiplexer(Polycelere)

Generation 2



Basic components for Process of Innovation

Technologies (cross technologies)

Strategy for…

Marketing/communication

Law aspects (patents,…)

Financial aspects

Planification and Project management(Gate strategy,

Go/No Go)

To try to driven, anticipate or fit to the market needs

(ex: Iphone = Innovation = Cult object)

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Solution

Trial n+1Error 1

Error n+1

Methods for solving problems:Trial and Error method

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Problem

SolutionIdea 2

Vision 1

Vision 2

Interaction

Method for solving problems : Brainstorming

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Tests

Retained

Solution

Problem

to be

solved

Problem

to be

solved

Idea 1

Idea 6

Idea 22

Idea 28

Idea 32

Idea 42

Idea 60

Filtre 2

Idea 1

Idea 2

Idea 3

.

.

.

Idea 20

.

.

.

Idea 57

Idea 58

Idea 59

Idea 60Hazard

Idea 1

Idea 6

Idea 14

.

.

.

Idea 42

Idea 51

Idea 55

Idea 60

Filter 1

Management of the

hazard

Method for problem solving: Divergent solving process



Any exploration research in unknown domains

Hazard process

No forecasting on product evolution

No inventive dimension

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



• Framework of Knowledge and tools in order to systematically

solve problems

• Theory for avoiding compromise and trial/error

• Based on 3 axioms :

TRIZ: Theory for solving inventive problems

(Genrich Altshuller, 1926-1998)

Axiom 1 : Notion of contradiction

Any problem may be formulated under a contradiction

Axiom 2 : Laws of evolution

Technical systems are driving by laws of evolution

Axiom 3 : Specific conditions

solving must be in agreement with restrictions due to the specificities of the

problem

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Patents

Behaviour of great inventors

Scientific literature Evolution of technical systems

Methods and existing tools

Tools, Notions , Methods (ARIZ), Knowledge Based System,….



Problem

to be

solved

Problem

to be

solved

Data

retrieval

Status of the

problem

Identify the

contradiction

Solve the

contradiction

Implement the

solution

proposed

Solution

TRIZ: Theory for solving inventive problems

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion

TRIZ/Contradictions:

Behind each problem in inventive design there is a

conflict to solve

TRIZ

Contradiction: Technical or Physical



Management of Innovation at INP-ENSIACET

Reuse Past Experiences

Method : Case Based Reasoning (affinity with human learning)

Drawback : Incremental Innovation (low level)

Knowledge Capitalization(KBM):

Use of TRIZ tools to propose innovative Solutions

Drawback : no learning and storage of the solving process

Creativity / Innovation:

Aim : Synergy between CBR and TRIZ

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion

Problem Space

Solution Space

Stored problem

Associated solution

Target problem

Proposed solution

CBR Description

Case Base

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



CBR Cycle : 5 R

Case base

Target problem

RepresentNew

CaseRetrieve

New

CaseRetrieved

Case

Reuse

Solved

Case

Retain

Learned

case

Validated Solution

Revised

and tested

Case

Revise

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



CBR Conclusion

Produce Rapidly a solution : Accelerate Design

Facility of use and maintenance

Ability to learn and Manage a huge amount of information

Specificity in one domain

Solution with low level of innovation (based on past experiences)

No retrieved solution if no similar problem faced before

Advantages :

Drawbacks :

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



TRIZ theory, methodology and tools

Innovation Situation Questionnary : Problem Identification

Ideal Final result : Problem Formulation and Criterion

Contradiction : Problem Formulation

Contradiction Matrix : Problem Resolution

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



TRIZ Conclusion

Eliminate barriers between domains : Accelerate Design

Simulate Creativity of every person

Reduce Time to produce a solution

Good practice of the theory

Redeployment of the whole process of Resolution (each time)

Advantages :

Drawbacks :

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Synergy Presentation

Complementarity of both Methods

Propose a Method and a Tool to accelerate Innovative Problem

Solving/improvement

Systematic Proposition of innovative idea(s)

A structure to index the memory

Triz brings:

Simplicity to model and store knowledge

technique to accelerate problem research and comparison

CBR brings:

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Synergy Cycle

Target Problem Problem Description IFR

Contradiction

Retrieved

Case

InterpretationProposed Solution

Solved Case

Previous Case

Contradiction MatrixRetrieve

Associated Principles

No

CreateYesReuse

Learned Case

Repair

Retain

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Chemical Engineering Example

Chromatographic Separation :

Continuously separate a multi component mixture

Industrial interest (biotechnology, pharmaceutical…)Zone 1

Zone 2

Zone 3

Zone 4

Extract

Feed

Raffinate

Liquid

Solid

Eluent

True Moving Bed

TMB process :

Liquid and solid in counter current flow

Liquid (mixture to separate) recycled in zone 1

Solid recycled from zone 1 to 4

2 inlets (eluent, feed), 2 outlets (Extract, Raffinate)

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion




Application of ISQ :

Drawback : circulation of the solid phase

Contradiction :

Reduce the circulation of the solid phase without decreasing the

separation performance and increasing the operating cost.

Improved parameter : 33, convenience of use

Damaged parameter : 19, Energy spent by a moving object

Principles : 1 Segmentation, 13 Inverse, 24 Intermediary

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion




Principle 1 : Segmentation

Idea : separate the process in

independent zone

Principle 13 : Inverse

Sub-principle « make movable parts

fixed and fixed parts movable »

Eluent

Feed

ExtractRaffinate

Simulated Moving Bed

Idea : Solid becomes static, inlets and

outlets in a rotating way

Switching

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



CAI 2.0

Open

Innovation

Methods for solving

innovative pbs

(TRIZ)

Framework

collaborative

(Web 2.0)

Engineering,

Sciences,

HSS…

Knowledge Based

Management

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Some ideas:

Product/Process Design continuum:

Routine Innovative thinking

Creativity/Improvement/innovation : a vital link

( Success stories blinded leaders): Ilford, Kodak,

IBM,….)

There is no age for Creativity and Innovation

(Coco Chanel 71 years; Eiffel 57 years; Leonardo di Vinci…….)



Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



What could/should we do and how?

To develop a real strategy for …(notion of Task Force?!)

« Think Tank » on EcoIndustrial

Systems, Eco-innovation, Eco…, Digital plant,…

To develop spirit and methods for more innovative

sustainable technologies (but by the way of cross

technologies)

Each of us must have an emphasis on

Technological sustainable Innovation aspect

(Cartography, success stories, REX, F3 factory, Process

intensification,….)--->moving to a closer

connected approach in the intradomain

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion




Strategy for innovation with a cross point of view with

HSS/IE/management people interdisciplinary approach(Extra domain)

To promote interface culture and spirit in Engineering

Education (« to learn and practise to think

outside/out of », open the mind,…)

To propose new framework/methodologies/tools by

enhancing Research between us for a better integration

between scales(system view to nanoview), HSS,…)

To look at the ingredients of R(e)volution in

Aeronautics, Automotive Industry, Materials, networks…

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion




To question industrial people about what they need in

the next future( Industrial Ecosystems,….)

« Future Engineer has to act as clever coordinator

between Chemist/biotechnology, mechanics, physician,

System Engineering more than acting as blinded leader »

To come back to the roots as Innovation is coming from

fruithful exchange at the interfaces

To change the Education, the mind, the behaviour in each

by promoting a New way of Thinking

We have to make our R(e)volution

Introduction

Innovation

Methods for…

Proposal for:

CBR

TRIZ

Synergy

Example

Conclusion



Questions ?

Thank you very much for your attention!



«systematic innovation» in education and research in the...

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