Systems of electronic commercetjtse56 2011

Jukka HeikkiläProfessor, Information Systems (eBusiness)

Vice Dean, Faculty of Information TechnologyJyväskylä University

e-mail: jups@jyu.fi tel: +358 50 581 8361

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Long transaction (Software AG, 1999)

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Networked components in practice

If everything was CORBA-compliant

– How to combine narratives and relevant states and transitions, when

– systems are distributed? – systems are asynchronous?– systems are independent?

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Interapplication (Integration) Spaghetti (Ovaska, 2003)

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Solution by

Integrating more?

Documenting better?

Standardising platforms?

Standardising interfaces?

Developing new systems?

...

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MDA (Oya, 2002)

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MDA (c.f. Oya, 2002)

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An example (Oya, 2002)

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An example (Oya, 2002)

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An example (Oya, 2002)

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An example (Oya, 2002)

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MDA (Oya, 2002)

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MDA (Oya, 2002)

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MDA (Oya, 2002)

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MDA (Oya, 2002)

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MDA (Oya, 2002)

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MDA (van der Krogt,

2008)

Actually, there is a third/fourth level of

abstraction, i.e., CIM, Computation Independent Model

(intended for business analysts)

So, we are backwhere we started,

QED :-)

PSM Bridge PSM Bridge

Code BridgeCode Bridge

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What is MDA? (1/2) (Kim, 2008)

> Next level of abstraction; model-based development

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Agile Development & Pragmatic MDA Using OptimalJ | © 2006 by Prashanth Shidlaghatta & Mike Sawicki19

User Interface

Business/Problem Domain

Persistence

DBDB DB

Legacy/Ext. Systems

Separation of Concerns

§ Employ architectural best practices

§ Formalize and store business logic

§ Architect for the future

§ Keep Technology at arm’s length

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Agile Development & Pragmatic MDA Using OptimalJ | © 2006 by Prashanth Shidlaghatta & Mike Sawicki20

Construction ConsistencyManaging Dual Architectures

Application Arch.

Features

Technical Arch.

SOA, Distr.,

Web App

Working App!

Construction GuidelinesPatterns,

Conventions

ConsistentVariable

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Agile Development & Pragmatic MDA Using OptimalJ | © 2006 by Prashanth Shidlaghatta & Mike Sawicki21

Agile Development

§ Shrink waterfall cycle into small iterations§ Ensure working application§ Demonstrate feature progress§ Make it simpler to embrace change§ Improve communication

between business and IT§ Deliver business value

faster and continuously

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Agile Development & Pragmatic MDA Using OptimalJ | © 2006 by Prashanth Shidlaghatta & Mike Sawicki22

Agile

Agile Development

#3

MDA – Bringing the Success Factors Together

User Interface

Business/Problem Domain

Persistence

DBDB DB

Legacy/Ext. Systems

Separation of Concerns

#1#2

Application Arch. Technical Arch.

Working App!

Dual Architecture

Construction Guidelines

MDA

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6

What is MDA? (2/2) (Kim, 2008)

> The Idea

* IIOP (Internet Inter-ORB Protocol) makes it possible for distributed programs written in different programming languages to communicate over the Internet.

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Mappings and transformations between models should be modelled too(Eeles & Williams, 2007)

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The role of MetamodelsEeles & Williams (2007)

•UML = Universal Modelling Language

•MOF = Meta Object Facility is an extensible model driven integration framework for defining, manipulating and integrating metadata and data in a platform independent manner. MOF-based standards are in use for integrating tools, applications and data.

•XML = eXtensible Markup Language

•XMI = XML Metadata Interchange

•CWM = Common Warehouse Metamodel

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MDA in practice (Wallin, 2006)

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Defining AssetsEeles & Williams (2007)

AssetClassification

Descriptors: Name/Value pairs

ContextDomain, Development, Test,

Deployment, and so on…

UsageUsage Instructions & ActivitiesFilling Variability Points

Related Assets

Association, Aggregation,

Dependency, Parent

Solution

Artifacts

Requirements

Models, Code, Tests

…Documents

Asset Overview

Name Desc Version State Profile

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IBM Software Group | Rational software

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Volvo IT – JNX Framework

Design Model

Domain Model

Implementation Model

Requirements

synchronize

Platform-specific Model

Platform-independent ModelModel

templates

Patterns

Patternstransform

extend

Patternsintegrate

validate

Code & TestBusiness

logic

RAS

Repository

Service

Reusable asset

(.ras file)

Reusable asset

(.ras file)

Reusable asset

(.ras file)

Reusable asset

(.ras file)

An Example: Eeles & Williams (2007)

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MDA in Practice (Kim, 2008)

> Reduced cost and complexity of application development.

• Model-oriented implementation.

> Improved application quality and validation at model level.

• Constraint based, generated test cases.

> Reuse of business models

> Platform independence

> Rapid inclusion of emerging technologies

• Take a business model (off the shelf).

• Take a implementation model (off the shelf).

• Describe links between them.

• Generate the system.

> Available modelling products

• ArcStyler, iUML, OptimalJ, ...

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Service orientation(IBM, c.f. Poutanen, 2006)

Existing Resources

Service Modeling

Services

Business Process

Components

QoS, Security, M

anagement &

Monitoring (Infrastructure Service)

Process Choreography

Simple and Composite Services

Enterprise Components

Package

Custom ApplicationCustom

Application

Package

ServiceC

onsumer

ServiceProvider

Integration Architecture

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Patterns revisited

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CBM ∪ SOA ⇒ SOMA(Service Oriented Modeling and Architecture IBM, 2006)

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summary: SOMF 2.0 (BeLL, 2008;

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Summary of How-to: IBM (2006)

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