t-86.5141 enterprise systems architecture · 2007-10-11 · u john stark product lifecycle...
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Copyright © 2007 Variantum OyFile: PDM_071007 Slide—1
T-86.5141ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE:
Product Data Management
Asko MartioVariantum Oy, www.variantum.com
9.10.2007
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Variantum Oy
u New Finnish company, established 2002, 9 ownersu Roots in Product Data Management Group (PDMG) of HUT,
established in 1992u First big project: EDMS for KONE Oyj, first remarkable document
management system in Finland. Today’s status: over 1 000 000 documents, over 3000 active users. PDM and configurable product related research projects with approx. 20 Finnish companies.
u Best imaginable technological know-how¬ 2 D.Sc. (Tech), dissertations within configuration domain, 1 Lic. Sc.
(Tech), 4 M. Sc. (Tech)¬ approx. 50 man-years of industrial experience in different management
positions
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Variantum products
System productsu VariSelect, Product family selection tool to highlight product
properties and their differences u VariSales, Sales configurator for sales order definitionu VariProd, Production configurator that creates Bill of Materials
required by the specified product variant (configuration) for the ERP system
u VariPDM, PDM system for product, document, product model and workflow management
Service and support productsu Expert services for consultation, system training and implementationu After sales support services
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Contents
u References, terminologyu Definition of PDMu Background, motivation for PDMu PDM Functionalityu Architectureu Summary
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References
u Kenneth G. McIntoshENGINEERING DATA MANAGEMENTA Guide to Successful Implementation, McGraw-Hill Inc.
u Antti Sääksvuori, Anselmi ImmonenTuotetiedonhallinta PDM,Talentum Media 2002
u Hannu Peltonen, Asko Martio, ReijoSulonenPDM - Tuotetiedon hallinta,IT Press 2002
u M. Eigner, R. StelzerProduktdatenmanagement-Systeme, Springer 2001
u I. Crnkovic, U. Asklund, A. P. DahlqvistProduct Data Management and Software Configuration Management, Artech House, Inc. 2003
u John StarkProduct Lifecycle Management, Paradigm for 21st century Product realisation, Springer 2004
u Rodger BurdenPDM: Product Data Management,Resource Pub 2003
u www.cimdata.com
u www.pdmic.com
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Terminology: PDM
Almost any combination of terms is used, PDM (Product Data Management) and PLM (Product Life-cycle Management) seem to be most common
PDM
PIM
EDM
TDM
TIMProduct
Data
Management
Information
Engineering
Technical
DocumentEnterprise
PDT
Technology
Electronic
cPDm
Collaborative
Asset
DefinitionLifecycle
PLMPAM
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Definition: Product
u Result of industrial activity general conceptu Product family, brand, model, abstract class (cannot
type, product class, be manufactured) configurable product
u Product configuration, concrete class fixed product (can be manufactured)
u Product individual physical artifact, service activity
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Definition: Product Data (CIMdata)
u All product related information ¬ Paper documents¬ Digital files:
l Document files: specifications, configurations, purchase orders
l CAD drawings, models, assemblies, parts lists
l CAE analysis, NC programs and plans
¬ Information stored in data bases
u PDM manages three different product data life-cycles¬ Product type life-cycle:
l product developmentl approval and change processesl beginning and end of production
¬ Product individual life-cycle:l engineeringl production, maintenance, recycling
¬ Product process life-cycle
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Definition: PDM
u ISO 13584-10 Parts Library:A representation of facts, concepts, or instructions about one or more products in a formal manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing by human beings or by automatic means.
u Crnkovic, Asklund, Persson Dahlqvist (2003):PDM is the discipline of controlling the evolution of a product and providing other procedures and tools with the accurate product information at the right time in the right format during the entire Product Life Cycle
u PDT (Product Data Technology)-advisory group:Product Data Technology includes all aspects of the definition and methods of processing information pertinent to product throughout its development and operational lifecycle.
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Definition: PLM (CIMdata)
What is Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)?A strategic business approach that applies a consistent set of business solutions in support of the collaborative creation, management, dissemination, and use of product definition information across the extended enterprise from concept to end of life –– integrating people, processes, and information
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PDM system status today
u PDM systems coverage is more restricted:¬ Current PDM systems do not include commercial data (stocks,
purchase orders, invoices, cost accounting, etc.) of the company. They are managed by Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems.
¬ Main interest of PDM lays on product support processes (R&D, etc.)
¬ Many PDM systems do not support configurable products and product individual and production process life-cycles
u PDM system does not create new product data
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u Increased competitionu Global markets, aggressive market behaviouru Shrinking budgets, lower production costsu Products are becoming more complex, exploiting more
technologies and built in vast number of variantsu Quality requirements (ISO 9000 etc) and customer responsiveness
are increasingu Global manufacturing (expanded teaming)u Government and industry standardsu Less time and money for hasslingu Requirement for more efficient R&D: Concurrent Engineering
PDM motivation:Changing business environment
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PDM motivation:Data integration by system integration
CAD
Design/Engineering Purchasing & Finance
Production Process/Plant
MRP System
Customers Suppliers
Project Management
Manufacturing
Sales/Marketing& Customer Service
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u PDM system benefits¬ direct cost savings¬ faster time-to-market benefits¬ change management savings¬ indirect cost savings
l improved quality
¬ other savingsu PDM system costs¬ hardware, software licences¬ system tailoring, system integration, installation, training¬ system maintenance
PDM costs and benefits
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PDM Benefits, example
Experience of a communication satellite programMetric Standard C.E. Delta (%)
Design Hours 5337 5929 4460 16%/25%
Span Time (months) 21 19 11 48%/42%
Tooling Costs $79,461 $49,993 $42,057 47%/16%
No. Changes (15 mo.) 16 24 6 63%/75%
No. Changes (30 mo.) 22 28 6 73%/79%
No. Quality Reports 23 37 4 83%/89%
No. Waivers 36 40 2 94%/95%Mark Knodle, General DynamicsSpace Systems Division
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PDM market forecast
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PDM Functions
Basic functionsu Item management
¬ Item classification¬ Item query and reporting¬ Item individual management¬ Item manufacturer and vendor
management
u Document managementu Product structure
managementu Workflow management
¬ Change management
Advanced functionsu Product family managementu Master data harmonizationu Variant configurationu Cost and mass calculationu Spare part managementu Requirement managementu Configuration model
verification
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Data vault
u Central storage for¬ Documents¬ Product configuration data¬ Product model data¬ Product individual data
u Maintains revision and status data (e.g. electronic approval)
u Files (drawings, documents, etc.) are managed as “objects”
u Check-out and check-in controlu Query, browsing and reporting
u Benefits¬ Secure, distributed storage of
data¬ Elimination of redundant files¬ Managed data sharing among
team members¬ Managed electronic review and
approval¬ Management of data
relationships
u Based often on commercial relational data bases
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Data vault
PDM Server
Meta-Database
data
Managed referenced files
Object: DocumentDate: 1/1/95Project: MotorPart #: 8893-0ARevision: 2.3ADocument #: 4569-29File: A:\PDM\doc\motor\...Application: MS-Word 6.0
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u Item definition¬ Items from the PDM point of
view are those product related business objects which are frequently referred in product related processes, e.g. products, materials, documents, resources, activities. Use of standard items makes management and business transactions easier
PDM items
u PDM corner stonesu Item categories¬ Physical items
l systems, assemblies, parts, components, accessories
¬ Document items¬ Product models and
software¬ Service items
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Item views
u Life-cycle view¬ Item revisions
u Classification (type) view¬ Classification according to
product properties¬ Classification hierarchy
u Status view¬ Item approval level¬ Item efficiency
u Language view
u Structure view¬ Structures dependent on
processesl Sales (offer, sales order)
structurel Design structurel Manufacturing structurel Delivery structurel Installation structurel Maintenance structure
¬ Physical product structure ¬ Functional structure¬ Spatial structure
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u Specifying code
u Parametric class hierarchy
A Basic mechanical materials and components
A2 Non-ferrous metals- A20 Sheets and strips
• A202 Coated sheets and strips
Fasteners (Length, diameter)
Screws (Length, diameter, thread length)
- Cross head screws (Length, diameter, thread length, head diameter, standard)
u Required to search and browse items efficientlyu Standards: ISO 13584 Part Libraries, IEC 61360 electric
components classification scheme standardu Examples:
Item classification
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Basic item data
u Identification¬ Generally approx. 8 character
code¬ Classifying v. non-classifying¬ Local v. enterprize wide
u Description¬ Generally approx. 40
characters of cler text
u Classification¬ Helps to find items
u Revising¬ Revising method¬ Revision identification
u Status (recommendation class)
u Manufacturers, vendorsu Other data
¬ Big systems: approx. 300 fields/item
¬ Item is specified to the level that is required by its user
¬ Reference documents
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Item revisions
uWarning: there is no approved terminologyuWhen an item is changed a new version, which is also an item,
is created. It is¬ Revision. An item of this type is generated to replace its predecessor
immediately or after a transition period. Therefore, the new revision must be compatible (form, fit and function) with its predecessor.
¬ Variant. Variant concept is sometimes used for products, parts and items with small differences. An item in this group is related to a higher-level product type.
¬ Independent item. An item in this group is neither a variant nor a revision of any other item. The relation to its origin is lost. Example: a new independent product
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Document management
u Which document types?u Identification method for
documents, document revisions and variants
u Approval of documentsu Security archivesu Document tool integration to
PDMu WWW user interfaces
u Document structure¬ Document revisions¬ Document variants
l Equivalence of documents written in different languages
l Multilingual documents
¬ Subdocumentsl Multipage drawingsl Figure filesl 3D models
¬ Representationsl Original,, viewing and printing
formats
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© 2003 Crnkovic, Asklund, Persson Dahlqvist, ”Implementing and Integrating Product Data Management and Software Configuration Management”
Figure 2.5 Quantified BOM of a bicycle.
Tire HubSpoke
1 32 1
Saddle
Bicycle
Pedal WheelsHandlebars Frame
1 2 1 2 1
Product structure
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Product (breakdown) structure -general
u All structure items represent elements which can be delivered with the product. They are often physically attached to it. Product requisites like coatings, paints, welding wires, packages, adhesives, lubricants, chemicals are often left out of product structures.
u All items are identified with a code. A clear text description is required as support information.
u Physical products include only physical objects as components:¬ non-decomposable (atomic) component, e.g. bolt, integrated circuit,
cardboard package box, user manual¬ multipart component
l subassembly, e.g. phone receiverl kit (group, no assembly process), e.g. installation accessories
¬ other material, e.g. 50 m rope, 3 l oilu most common views: product (design/manufacturing), location and function
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Product structure references
Documents are linked to products:u Product - parts list, assembly
drawing¬ Often this link is built into the
identification system
u Product - other manufacturing documents¬ Assembly instructions¬ Test instructions¬ Product specifications, etc.
u Product - deliverable documents¬ deliverable documents are items in
product structure
In addition to document links other type of items can be attached to product structures¬ Product - jigs, fixtures¬ Product - tools¬ Product - embedded
software¬ Product - NC software
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1 Quality2 Attributes3 Materials4 Process
1 Quality2 Attributes3 Materials4 Process
Assembly drawing and BOM
Test Data
Analysis Report
Marketing Definition
Phone Receiver
Revision A
Revision B
Revision A
Revision B
Revision A
Revision B
Revision A
Revision ARevision A
Revision A
Revision A
Product structure links, revisions
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Modelling concepts
itemdescription
componentspecification
relationshippositioncondition
has partquantity
component 123description = …specification = …
component 456description = …specification = …
position = …condition = …quantity = …
document has document
document 234description = …
position = …condition = …
object types
objects
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Workflow management
u Defined and automated workflow/processes¬ By project, status level, product type, ...¬ Sequential, parallel, conditional steps¬ Voting rules and time-outs¬ Folder/package maintenance¬ Notification and distribution¬ Audit processes and actions “triggers”
u Process browse/reportingu Only for stable processes
¬ Change management¬ Document approvals¬ etc
u Change process phases¬ Change request (ECR,
Engineering Change Request)l Internal and external product
claims and messages
¬ Change proposal (ECP)l Consolidation of change
requestsl Evaluation of change effects
¬ Change order (ECO)l Decided change actions
¬ Change follow-upl Registration of accomplished
actions
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u Communications, E-mail u Data transportu Data translationu Viewing and annotationu Image servicesu Administration
¬ System security control¬ System management¬ Password management
Utility functions
u Data security services¬ data redundancy, disk
mirroring¬ fault tolerant disks, RAID-
technology (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks)
¬ automatic back-ups¬ data encryption
u Authentication servicesu Authorisation services
¬ viewing authorisation¬ change authorisation
(approvals, document creation and changes, etc.)
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PDM system architecture
Application UserCAD/CAM, NC, Purchasing
Documentation, Etc.
CADPrivate Files
Managed Files
PDM Server
Meta-Database
data
PDM UserMultiple Applications
datadata
control
WEB server
WEBUser
IntranetObject: DocumentDate: 1/1/95Project: MotorPart #: 8893-0ARevision: 2.3ADocument #: 4569-29File: A:\PDM\doc\motor\...Application: MS-Word 6.0
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PDM system selection andimplementation
u Project definitionu Evaluation of the current
statusu System scope definitionu Prioritised requirements/
feature summary / configuration plan
u Short list selection evaluationu Request for proposalsu Demonstration / benchmark
requirements
u Demonstration / benchmark Evaluation
u Reference visit agendau Reference visit evaluationu Proposal evaluationu Pilot project definitionu Pilot project implementation
logu Pilot project analysis (vs.
benefit targets)u Final evaluation summary and
report
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PDM Summary
u Organisations which do not take PDM seriously will face difficulties
u The following factors increase PDM importance:¬ organisation size¬ internationality¬ product complexity¬ number of product variants
u PDM system implementation without management support becomes a failure