THE PERIODIC TABLE

Groups are the vertical columns in

the periodic table. The

group number is

located above each

column.

Periods are the horizontal rows. The number is located on the left of each row.

Groups are the most common way of classifying elements, but there are some regions of the periodic table where the

horizontal trends and similarities in properties are more significant than vertical

group trends

METALSGood conductors of heat and electrical conductors MalleableShinyHave lusterDuctileMostly solids at room temperature

Metals are located on the left side and the middle of the periodic table.

NONMETALS

Poor thermal conductorsPoor electrical conductorsBrittle SolidsLittle or no metallic luster

The nonmetals are located on the upper right side of the periodic table.

Nonmetals are separated from metals by a line that cuts diagonally through the periodic table.

LANTHANIDES

Silvery metals that tarnish easily Relatively soft metals, with high melting and

boiling points React to form many different compounds

Lanthanides are in the top row of the 2 rows located underneath the main body of the periodic table.

ACTINIDESRadioactive with positively charged ionsCombine directly with most nonmetals React with boiling water or dilute acid to release hydrogen gasTarnish readily in air

Actinides are in the row below the Lanthanides.

NOBLE GASESFairly nonreactive because they have little tendency to gain or lose electronsComplete valence shellHigh ionizatoin energies Very low electronegativitiesLow boiling points, all gases at room temperature

Noble gases are located in Group 18, on the far right of the periodic table