t8-1 soil science & management, 4e chapter 8 water conservation
TRANSCRIPT
T8-1 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Chapter 8
Water Conservation
T8-2 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Objectives• Explain the source of our fresh water
supplies• Explain the need for water conservation• Describe ways to make better use of water• Discuss water quality
T8-3 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Terms to Know• Aerationturf• Antitranspirants• Aquifer• Arid climate• Buffer strips• Conservation tillage• Consumptive use• Contour tillage• Evapotranspiration• Furrow-diking
• Groundwater Hydrologic cycle
• Hydrophilic gel polymers
• Mulch• Non-point sources• Point sources• Precipitation• Runoff
T8-4 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Terms to Know• Semiarid climate• Soil pitting• Strip-cropping• Stubble-mulching• Subsoiling• Surface water• Syringing• Terrace• Water table• Water-use efficiency
T8-5 Soil Science & Management, 4E
The Hydrologic Cycle
Figure 8-1
T8-6 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Water Resources in the United States
Figure 8-2
T8-7 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Figure 8-4
Water Resources in the United States
T8-8 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Reasons for Conservation
Figure 8-5
T8-9 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Reasons for Conservation
• Preservation of water resources
• Increased yields
• Reduced runoff
T8-10 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Water Use Efficiency
• Capture more water from precipitation
• Reduce consumptive use
• Improve irrigation systems
T8-11 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Capturing Water in Soil
• Improve filtration
• Lower percolation
T8-12 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Capturing Runoff
• Improving water intake rate
Figure 8-10
T8-13 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Capturing Runoff
• Capturing snowfall
• Reducing percolation
T8-14 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Reducing Consumptive Use
• Reducing evaporation
• Reducing transpiration
T8-15 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Reducing Consumptive Use
• Improving plant-use efficiency
Figure 8-13
T8-16 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Water Quality
• Water quality is as important as water quantity
T8-17 Soil Science & Management, 4E
Summary• Major water supplies
– Rainfall– Fresh surface water– Groundwater
• Best water use increases yields• Erosion controlled• Improve water use efficiency• Consumptive use reduced• Attention to contribution to water pollution