Tabernacle and WorshipTabernacle and Worship

By

Prof. Jintae Kim, Ph.D.

Alliance Theological Seminary

The OT Worship PatternThe OT Worship Pattern

TypologyTypology

1 Cor 10:11 These things happened to them to serve as an example (typicos), and they were written down to instruct us, on whom the ends of the ages have come.

TabernacleTabernacle

The Door: for Jews OnlyThe Door: for Jews Only

The Door of the Outer CourtThe Door of the Outer Court

The Door of the Outer Court was a large curtain, made of fine linen, colored in blue, purple, red and white. The curtain was supported by wooden pillars that were based in brass sockets, with silver capitals, just like the other pillars of the outer court curtain. The door curtain was fastened to the pillars with gold hooks.

The Door is the only way in, The Door is the only way in, inviting and attractive. inviting and attractive.

Jesus said "I am the Door; if any man enters through Me he shall be saved" (John 10:9) and "I am the way, the truth and the life; no man comes to [God] the Father except through Me" (John 14:6).

The Apostles’ CreedThe Apostles’ Creed I believe in God the Father Almighty, Maker of

heaven and earth; And in Jesus Christ His only Son, who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, dead, and buried. He descended into hell; the third day He rose again from the dead; He ascended into heaven, and sitteth on the right hand of God the Father Almighty; from thence He shall come to judge the quick and the dead. I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Holy Universal Church; the communion of saints; the forgiveness of sins; the resurrection of the body; and the life everlasting. Amen.

How do we enter the gate?How do we enter the gate?

Psalm 100:4 Enter his gates with thanksgiving, and his courts with praise. Give thanks to him, bless his name.

Thanksgiving forWho God isWhat God has done for us through Jesus

Christ. – Now the door is open because of Jesus’ atoning death at the cross.

For who He isFor who He is

Rev 4: 8 And the four living creatures, each of them with six wings, are full of eyes all around and inside. Day and night without ceasing they sing,

"Holy, holy, holy, the Lord God the Almighty, who was and is and is to come."

Hymn #9Hymn #9

Holy, Holy, Holy! Lord God almighty; Early in the morning our song shall rise to Thee;

Holy, Holy, Holy! Merciful and Mighty! God in three Persons, blessed Trinity

2’nd stanza2’nd stanza

Holy, Holy, Holy! All the saints adore Thee, Casting down their golden crowns around the

glassy sea; Cherubim and seraphim falling down before Thee, Which wert, and art, and evermore shall be.

3’rd stanza3’rd stanza

Holy, Holy, Holy! Tho’ the darkness hide Thee,

Tho’ the eye of sinful man Thy glory may not see,

Only, Thou art holy; there is none beside Thee,

Perfect in Pow’r, in love, and purity.

4’th Stanza4’th Stanza

Holy, Holy, Holy! Lord God Almighty!All Thy works shall praise Thy name, in

earth, sky, and sea;Holy, Holy, Holy! Merciful and Mighty!God in three Persons, blessed Trinity!

Amen.

For what he has doneFor what he has done

Rev 4:10-11 the twenty-four elders fall before the one who is seated on the throne and worship the one who lives forever and ever; they cast their crowns before the throne, singing, 11

"You are worthy, our Lord and God, to receive glory and honor and power, for you created all things, and by your will they existed and were created."

Outer CourtOuter Court

The bronze laver and bronze altar were located in the outer court. 

How to enter the courts?How to enter the courts?

Psalm 100:4 Enter his gates with thanksgiving, and his courts with praise. Give thanks to him, bless his name.

Praise God for two primary Praise God for two primary works of graceworks of grace

Two Important objects: Laver and Burnt Altar

(1) Burnt Altar: Atoning sacrifice of Christ at the cross Justification of believers

(2) Laver: Cleansing of our conscience and soul Freedom from guilt of sins

LaverLaver

The Laver and Its FunctionThe Laver and Its Function

The Laver was a large bronze basin containing water.

Having entered through the door into the Tabernacle's Outer Court, the priests had to wash their hands and feet at the Laver before they could either enter into the sanctuary building or make any offering to the Lord at the burnt offering altar. God warned Moses that if the priests did not wash they would die (Exodus 30:20-21).

Confession for our sinsConfession for our sins

Every worshipper must confess one’s sins before God’s presence.

Our original sin and the sins we committed for the week or the day in action and thought.

This can be done in the form of congregational prayer or individual prayer.

The Lord’s PrayerThe Lord’s Prayer

Our Father which art in heaven, hallowed be Thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done, on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. For Thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, forever. Amen.

Psalm 51:10 Create in me a clean heart, O God, and put a new and right spirit within me. 11 Do not cast me away from your presence, and do not take your holy spirit from me. 12 Restore to me the joy of your salvation, and sustain in me a willing spirit. 13 Then I will teach transgressors your ways, and sinners will return to you. 14 Deliver me from bloodshed, O God, O God of my salvation, and my tongue will sing aloud of your deliverance. 15 O Lord, open my lips, and my mouth will declare your praise. 16 For you have no delight in sacrifice; if I were to give a burnt offering, you would not be pleased.

Burnt AltarBurnt Altar

The altar was 7.5 feet square and 4.5 feet high, was made of acacia wood overlaid with bronze, and had a horn on each corner.  The fire on the altar was to be kept burning at all times and the daily sacrifices were offered in the morning and afternoon.

Repentance & Offering Repentance & Offering ourselves as Living Sacrificeourselves as Living Sacrifice

A Living SacrificeA Living Sacrifice

Romans 12:1 I appeal to you therefore, brothers and sisters, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worship. 2 Do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your minds, so that you may discern what is the will of God-- what is good and acceptable and perfect.

SanctuarySanctuary

Sanctuary in Two PartsSanctuary in Two Parts

1. The first room, on the East side (right), was called the Holy Place; the priests would enter the Sanctuary via the entrance door curtain on the East side (far right);

The veil (middle, left of center) separated the Holy Place from the inner room

2. The inner room, to the West (left), was called the Holy of Holies, where only one man (the High Priest once per year was permitted entry; this was where God's presence and glory resided over the Ark of the Covenant.

Difference between the two Difference between the two holy places in the OTholy places in the OT

Service in the Holy PlaceGive thanks to God and bless His Name in

the Holy of holies.

The NT Christian WorshipThe NT Christian Worship

Hebrews 10:20 by the new and living way that he opened for us through the curtain (that is, through his flesh), 21 and since we have a great priest over the house of God, 22 let us approach with a true heart in full assurance of faith, with our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water.

The Holy PlaceThe Holy Place

This sacred area was occupied by the golden lampstand, incense altar and table of showbread.  The lampstand (menorah) was beaten and fashioned out of a single block of gold and had three branches coming out of each side of the central shaft.  The seven lamps on top of the branches were likely round saucers with pinched rims which held the wick and olive oil.

Lampstand (Menora): Lampstand (Menora): Presence of Presence of the Holy Spiritthe Holy Spirit

The LampstandThe Lampstand

The Lampstand was made of solid, pure gold, beaten out of a single piece. It was placed towards the left side of the Holy Place, the South side. The lampstand was like a tree of gold. "In Him was life and the life was the light of men" (John 1:4).

Table of Showbread: The Table of Showbread: The Word of Word of TruthTruth

Table of ShowbreadTable of Showbread

Opposite the menorah was the table of showbread.  Built of acacia wood and overlaid with solid gold, the table had a surface of 3 x 1.5 feet.  

Twelve loaves of bread were placed on the table on Shabbat and were replaced by fresh bread the following Shabbat.  The high priestly line would eat the replaced bread.

Altar of Incense: Altar of Incense: PrayerPrayer

Altar of IncenseAltar of Incense

Also known as the "golden altar" or the "inner altar," this three foot high altar was the location of regular incense offerings.  Every morning and evening when tending the light of the menorah, the priests would offer a mixture of frankincense and other aromatic gums.  On the Day of Atonement, the high priest would sprinkle blood on the horns of this altar.

The Holy of Holies: True and The Holy of Holies: True and most Intimate Fellowshipmost Intimate Fellowship

The Veil: SeparationThe Veil: Separation

The VeilThe Veil

The Veil is the final door to pass through, to enter into the presence of God in the Holy of Holies. Entry was forbidden to all except one, the high priest, and his access was not free: he was permitted entry once only per year, on the Day of Atonement, when he brought the blood of the sacrificed goat to sprinkle on the lid (called the Mercy Seat) of the Ark of the Covenant.

Ark of CovenantArk of Covenant

The Ark of CovenantThe Ark of Covenant

The only object in the Holy of Holies, the sacred ark contained the two tablets with the Ten Commandments, the rod of Aaron that blossomed and the pot of manna.  The ark was covered by the "mercy seat" on which the high priest sprinkled the blood of the goat seven times on the Day of Atonement.  The ark represented the footstool of God's throne.

Aaronic Benediction (Num 6)Aaronic Benediction (Num 6)

22 The LORD spoke to Moses, saying: 23 Speak to Aaron and his sons, saying, Thus you shall bless the Israelites: You shall say to them, 24 The LORD bless you and keep you; 25 the LORD make his face to shine upon you, and be gracious to you; 26 the LORD lift up his countenance upon you, and give you peace. 27 So they shall put my name on the Israelites, and I will bless them.