table of contents journal«* medicine · l.c. pi e n departments cme credit test 383 • visi outr...

2
MAY 2000 VOLUME 67 • NUMBER 5 • ISSN 0891-1150 TABLE OF CONTENTS FROM THE EDITOR Caveat tester The unintended consequences of scattershot testing. J.D. CLOUGH 312 1-MINUTE CONSULT How should a patient 315 with an isolated GGT elevation be evaluated? Given GGT's extremely low specificity, do not get on a merry-go-round of testing when this liver enzyme is elevated. W.D. CAREY MEDICAL GRAND ROUNDS Screening for renal artery stenosis: 318 Which patients? Which test? For a patient with persistently high blood pressure despite multiple medications, which screening test for renovascular hypertension is best? D.G. VIDT CURRENT DRUG THERAPY Using viral load, CD4+ levels, and clinical response to guide antiviral therapy for HIV A summary of the most recent guidelines from the International AIDS Society. L.H. CALABRESE REVIEW 321 Recognizing and managing depression 329 in women throughout the stages of life To treat depression in women effectively, one needs to appreciate how it is linked to the cycle of women's lives. J.M. CARANDANG, K. FRANC0-BR0MS0N, AND S. KAMAREI CONTINUED ON PAGE 311 DEDICATED T O L I F E L O N G LEARNING JOURNAL«* MEDICINE JOHN D. CLOUGH, MD Editor-in-Chief BRIAN F. MANDELL, MD. PHD Deputy Editor LINDA K. HENGSTLER Editor and Publisher PHILLIP E. CANUTO Executive Editor RAY BORAZANIAN Managing Editor OAVD A. HUDDLESTON Manuscript Editor LOUISA R. PASKERT Editorial Assistant AUDRA BUTDORF Editorial Assistant/Reprints JESSICA ANCKER Editorial Services BRUCE M. MARICH Production Manager JOHN E. PRESSELLO Art Director ROBERT J. DEMAREST Medical Art Director NANCY HEIM, CMI Medical Illustrator EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD MUZAFFAR AHMAD, MD WILMA FOWLER 8ERGFELD, MD EMMANUEL L. BRAVO, MD RAY W. GIFFORD, JR. MD WILLIAM R. HART, WD ERIC A. KLEIN, MD FLOYD D. LOOP, MD DOUGLAS S. MOODIE, MD RICHARD H. NODAR, PHD WILLIAM L. PROUDFIT, MD WILLIAM C. SHELDON, MD ERIC I. TOPOL, MD HERBERT P, WIEDEMANN, MD ASSOCIATE EDITORS ALEJANDRO C. ARROLIGA, MD DAVID BRONSON, MD BEN H. BROUHARD, MD MARIE BUOEV, DO WILLIAM D. CAREY, MD WILLIAM A. CHILCOTE, MD BRIAN G. DONLEY, MD GARY FRANCIS, MD KATHLEEN FRANCO-BRONSON, MD STEVEN M. GORDON, MD BRIAN GRIFFIN, MD HITINDER GURM, MD GARY HOFFMAN, MD BYRON J. HOOGWERF, MD MANI S. KAVURU, MD MANDY C. LEONARD, PHARMD ANGELO A. LICATA, MD, PHD DAVID L. LONGWORTH, MD STEPHEN MAHONEY, MD MAURIE MARKMAN, MD ATUL C. MEHTA, MD NEIL B. MEHTA, MD FRANKLIN A. MICHOTA, MD STEVEN NISSEN, MD ROBERT M. PALMER, MD NORMAN B. RATLIFF, MD S. SETHU K. REDDY, MD MARK ROTH, MD DOUGLAS SEIDNER, MD CATHY A. SILA, MD FRANCK SKOBIERANDA, MD HOLLY L. THACKER, MD JAMES THOMAS, MD DONALD G, VIDT, MD WILLIAM S. WILKE, MD MARC WILLIAMS. MD JAMES B. YOUNG, MD ZOBAIR YOUNOSSI, MD CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION DIVISION OF EDUCATION ANDREW J. FISHLEDER, MD Chairman PHILLIP R. GARD Administrator The Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine {ISSN 0891-1150) is published 12 times yearly by The Cleveland Clinic Foundation. STATEMENTS AND OPINIONS expressed in the Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine are those of the authors and not necessarily of The Cleveland Clinic Foundation or its Board ofTrustees. AUTHOR DISCLOSURES: Current guidelines state that participants in CME activities should be made aware of any affiliation or financial interest that may affect an author's article as well as any discussion of off-label drug therapies. All authors, except those indicated with an asterisk and a footnote with the article, have disclosed that they do not have a conflict of interest or will not discuss off-label therapies. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: U.S. and possessions: personal $85: institutional $108, single copy/back issue SI 3. Foreign: $108; single copy/back issue $13. Institutional (multiple-reader rate) applies to libraries, schools, hospitals, and federal, commercial, and private institutions and organizations. Individua! subscriptions must be in the names of, billed to, and paid by individuals. POSTMASTER ADDRESS CHANGES: Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine. NA32,9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195 SUBSCRIPTIONS, EDITORIAL, REPRINTS, AND PRODUCTION: (same address as above) Phone (216) 444-2661 • Fax (216) 444-9385 • E-mail [email protected] http://www.ccjm.org ADVERTISING: Joseph Dennehy, Director, Sales and Marketing, 120 Castle Ridge Rd, Manhassel, NY 11030 • Phone (516) 365-8640 • Fax (516) 365-0587 CLEVELAND CLINIC JOURNAL OF MEDICINE VOLUME 67 • NUMBER 5 MAY 2000 3 COIYRIGHT© 2000 THE CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION PRINTED IN U.S.A. on August 31, 2020. For personal use only. All other uses require permission. www.ccjm.org Downloaded from

Upload: others

Post on 16-Jul-2020

0 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: TABLE OF CONTENTS JOURNAL«* MEDICINE · L.C. PI E N DEPARTMENTS CME Credit Test 383 • VISI OUTR WEB SIT AE T HTTP:// • The Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine is peer-reviewed

MAY 2000 VOLUME 67 • NUMBER 5 • ISSN 0891-1150

T A B L E OF C O N T E N T S FROM THE EDITOR

Caveat tester The unintended consequences of scattershot testing.

J.D. C L O U G H

312

1-MINUTE CONSULT

How should a patient 315 wi th an isolated GGT elevation be evaluated? Given G G T ' s extremely low specificity, do not

get on a merry-go-round of testing when this liver enzyme is elevated.

W . D . C A R E Y

MEDICAL GRAND ROUNDS

Screening for renal artery stenosis: 318 Which patients? Which test? For a patient with persistently high blood pressure despite multiple medications, which screening test for renovascular hypertension is best?

D.G. V I D T

CURRENT DRUG THERAPY

Using viral load, CD4+ levels, and clinical response to guide antiviral therapy for HIV A summary of the most recent guidelines from the International A I D S Society.

L .H. C A L A B R E S E

REVIEW

321

Recognizing and managing depression 329 in w o m e n throughout the stages of life To treat depression in women effectively, one needs to appreciate how it is linked to the cycle of women's lives.

J . M . C A R A N D A N G , K. F R A N C 0 - B R 0 M S 0 N , AND S. K A M A R E I

CONTINUED ON PAGE 311

D E D I C A T E D T O L I F E L O N G L E A R N I N G

JOURNAL«* MEDICINE

JOHN D. CLOUGH, MD Editor-in-Chief

BRIAN F. MANDELL, MD. PHD Deputy Editor

LINDA K. HENGSTLER Editor and Publisher

PHILLIP E. CANUTO Executive Editor

RAY BORAZANIAN Managing Editor

OAVD A. HUDDLESTON Manuscript Editor

LOUISA R. PASKERT Editorial Assistant

AUDRA BUTDORF Editorial Assistant/Reprints

JESSICA ANCKER Editorial Services

BRUCE M. MARICH Production Manager

JOHN E. PRESSELLO Art Director

ROBERT J. DEMAREST Medical Art Director

NANCY HEIM, CMI Medical Illustrator

ED ITOR IAL ADVISORY B O A R D MUZAFFAR AHMAD, MD WILMA FOWLER 8ERGFELD, M D EMMANUEL L. BRAVO, MD RAY W. GIFFORD, JR. MD WILLIAM R. HART, WD ERIC A. KLEIN, MD FLOYD D. LOOP, MD DOUGLAS S. MOODIE, MD RICHARD H. NODAR, PHD WILLIAM L. PROUDFIT, MD WILLIAM C. SHELDON, MD ERIC I. TOPOL, MD HERBERT P, WIEDEMANN, MD

ASSOCIATE EDITORS

ALEJANDRO C. ARROLIGA, MD DAVID BRONSON, MD BEN H. BROUHARD, MD MARIE BUOEV, DO WILLIAM D. CAREY, MD WILLIAM A. CHILCOTE, MD BRIAN G. DONLEY, MD GARY FRANCIS, MD KATHLEEN FRANCO-BRONSON, MD STEVEN M. GORDON, MD BRIAN GRIFFIN, MD HITINDER GURM, MD GARY HOFFMAN, MD BYRON J. HOOGWERF, MD MANI S. KAVURU, MD

MANDY C. LEONARD, PHARMD ANGELO A. LICATA, MD, PHD DAVID L. LONGWORTH, MD STEPHEN MAHONEY, MD MAURIE MARKMAN, MD ATUL C. MEHTA, MD NEIL B. MEHTA, MD FRANKLIN A. MICHOTA, MD STEVEN NISSEN, MD ROBERT M. PALMER, MD NORMAN B. RATLIFF, MD S. SETHU K. REDDY, MD MARK ROTH, M D DOUGLAS SEIDNER, MD CATHY A. SILA, M D FRANCK SKOBIERANDA, MD HOLLY L. THACKER, MD JAMES THOMAS, MD DONALD G, VIDT, M D WILLIAM S. WILKE, MD MARC WILLIAMS. MD JAMES B. YOUNG, MD ZOBAIR YOUNOSSI, MD

C L E V E L A N D C L I N I C FOUNDAT ION D I V I S I O N OF E D U C A T I O N ANDREW J. FISHLEDER, MD Chairman PHILLIP R. GARD Administrator

The Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine {ISSN 0891-1150) is published 12 times yearly by The Cleveland Clinic Foundation.

STATEMENTS AND OPINIONS expressed in the Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine are those of the authors and not necessarily of The Cleveland Clinic Foundation or its Board ofTrustees.

AUTHOR DISCLOSURES: Current guidelines state that participants in CME activities should be made aware of any aff i l iat ion or f inancial interest that may affect an author's article as wel l as any discussion of off- label drug therapies. All authors, except those indicated w i th an asterisk and a footnote w i t h the article, have disclosed that they do not have a confl ict of interest or w i l l not discuss off-label therapies.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES: U.S. and possessions: personal $85: institutional $108, single copy/back issue SI 3. Foreign: $108; single copy/back issue $13. Institutional (multiple-reader rate) applies to libraries, schools, hospitals, and federal, commercial, and private institutions and organizations. Individua! subscriptions must be in the names of, billed to, and paid by individuals.

POSTMASTER ADDRESS CHANGES: Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine. NA32,9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195

SUBSCRIPTIONS, EDITORIAL, REPRINTS, AND PRODUCTION: (same address as above) Phone (216) 444-2661 • Fax (216) 444-9385 • E-mai l [email protected] h t t p : / / w w w . c c j m . o r g

ADVERTISING: Joseph Dennehy, Director, Sales and Marketing, 120 Castle Ridge Rd, Manhassel, NY 11030 • Phone (516) 365-8640 • Fax (516) 365-0587

CLEVELAND CLINIC JOURNAL OF MEDICINE VOLUME 67 • NUMBER 5 MAY 2000 3 COIYRIGHT© 2000 THE CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION PRINTED IN U.S.A.

on August 31, 2020. For personal use only. All other uses require permission.www.ccjm.orgDownloaded from

Page 2: TABLE OF CONTENTS JOURNAL«* MEDICINE · L.C. PI E N DEPARTMENTS CME Credit Test 383 • VISI OUTR WEB SIT AE T HTTP:// • The Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine is peer-reviewed

MAY 2000

UPCOMING FEATURES

• W h i c h pat ients t o screen fo r BRCA m u t a t i o n s

• Improv ing c o m m u n i c a t i o n a b o u t DNR orders

• H o w l o w should t h e LDL go? A d e b a t e

• N e w f ind ings in t rea t ing t h e acute respiratory distress s y n d r o m e

• Keep ing t h e very o ld hea l thy

• In h e a r t - h e a l t h y ea t ing , m o d e r a t i o n kills

• TEE: T h e n e w s tandard in aort ic i m a g i n g

• Effect ive t r e a t m e n t o f A l z h e i m e r disease

• T h e ALLHAT trial: A l p h a blockers a n d hear t fa i lure risk

CONTINUED FROM PACE 306

UPDATE ON ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES

'Rescue' angioplasty for fai led thrombolysis 341 Although data are few, a strategy of angioplasty-after-thrombolysis seems reasonable and beneficial.

D. M U K H E R J E E AND S.G. ELLIS

REVIEW

Infective endocarditis: 353 Prevention, diagnosis, t reatment , referral With proper diagnosis and treatment, the cure rate for this challenging condition is over 80%.

T.F. KEYS

CARING FOR OLDER PATIENTS

Rapid assessment of rehabil i tat ion options 361 for functional disability A simple, stepwise protocol to rapidly assess functional disabilities.

H. H O E N I G , D.R. GATER, AND J. G A L B R A I T H

CURRENT DRUG THERAPY

Appropr iate use of second-generation 372 antihistamines T h e newer antihistamines, with little or no effect on the central nervous system, have largely replaced older agents.

L .C. PI E N

DEPARTMENTS

CME Credit Test 383

• VISIT OUR WEB SITE AT HTTP://WWW.CCJM.ORG

• The Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine is peer-reviewed and indexed in Index Medicus.

CLEVELAND CLINIC JOURNAL OF MEDICINE VOLUME 67 • NUMBER 5 MAY 2000 3 1 1

on August 31, 2020. For personal use only. All other uses require permission.www.ccjm.orgDownloaded from