tactical-deception-driven defense.key
TRANSCRIPT
Deception Driven Defense
Greg Foss
Head of Security Operations
OSCP, GAWN, GPEN, GWAPT, GCIH, CEH, CYBER APT
# whoami
Diversion & Deception in Warfare
Draw Attention Away From True Attack Point
Mislead With False Appearance
Gain Advantage Over Enemy
“All war is based on deception” -Sun Tzu
Operation Mincemeat - 1943
Operation Zeppelin - 1944
Battle of Megiddo - 1918
Operation Bodyguard - 1942
Operation Anadyr - 1962
..and many more
Diversion & Deception in Warfare
Operation Mincemeat - 1943
Germans find British corpse from sunken enemy warship
1.
Operation Mincemeat - 1943
Corpse holds Plans to upcoming attack in Greece
2.
Operation Mincemeat - 1943
Germans move defenses from Sicily to Greece
3.
Operation Mincemeat - 1943
Allied Nations invade Sicily
4.
9
Apply this to InfoSec?
In Practice
Network
Data HumanDefense
First things first…Baseline security controls!
Warning banners are critical and assist in the event prosecution is necessary / desired.
HoneypotsEasy to configure, deploy, and maintain
Fly traps for anomalous activity
You will learn a ton about your adversaries. Information that will help in the future…
Subtle Traps
Catch Internal Attackers
Observe Attack Trends
Decoy From Real Data
Waste Attackers Time
Honeypot Use Cases
Fake Web Applications
github.com/gfoss/phpmyadmin_honeypot
$any-web-app
Custom + Believable, with a Hidden Motive
Passive Honeypots
19https://chloe.re/2015/06/20/a-month-with-badonions/
Passive Honeypots
20https://chloe.re/2015/06/20/a-month-with-badonions/
Passive Honeypots
21https://chloe.re/2015/06/20/a-month-with-badonions/
Honey Tokens and Web Bugs
Issues with Document Tracking
Issues with Document Tracking
Issues with Document Tracking
Zip BombsAdobeFlash.zip
42 bytes 4.5 petabytes
www.unforgettable.dk
Keys to Success
Real World Awareness Training
Use a Blended Approach to Exercises
Gather Metrics for Program Improvements
Note: Never Punish or Embarrass Users!
Scope Social Habits
Public Information
Username Correlation
Application Usage
“Private” Information
Examine Network Usage
“Free” Coupons!QR Destination as training or
phishing site
Print > Place on Cars in Lot
Rate of Connections
Rate Reported to Security
Track via internal IP address
Targeted Spear Phishing
Open Attachment Rate
Open Message Rate
Martin Bos & Eric Milam SkyDogCon 2012 - Advanced Phishing Tactics
Beyond User Awareness
Defense Success / Failures
Response / Exploitation Rate
Rogue Wi-Fi
Setup Wi-Fi Access Provide Fake Landing Page Get Credentials!
Connection Rate Credential Submission Rate Report to Security Rate
www.slideshare.net/heinzarelli/wifi-hotspot-attacks
https://youtu.be/v36gYY2Pt70
USB Drop Case Study
Building a Believable CampaignUSB Human Interface Device (HID) attacks are too obvious. A dead giveaway that the target just compromised their system.
http://hakshop.myshopify.com/products/usb-rubber-ducky-deluxe?variant=353378649
Building a Believable Campaign
Use Realistic Files with somewhat realistic data
Staged approach to track file access and exploitation
Webbug file opened from within your company network?
Correlate using Network Security Tools to find out who it was
Tracking File Access
Who Opened the File?
Compress the PowerShell Script
You may want to use a bogus email address, unlike I did here…
I know, I know, Bad OpSec…
Send email when macro is run
“Nobody’s going to run an executable from some random USB” - Greg
At least they didn’t run it as an Admin
But… We now have our foothold…
Macro Attack Detection
Malware Beaconing Detection
Red Teaming
Not Penetration Testing!
No Scope Restrictions
Offensive Honeypots
All of these tools have something in common…
● Configuration Management Systems
● Vulnerability Scanners
● System Health Checks
They tend to log in to remote hosts!
Simulate SSH service
Stand this up during internal penetration test
Catch Credentials...
#!/bin/bash
attempts=$(cat /opt/kippo/log/kippo.log | grep 'login attempt' | wc -l);
echo ""
echo $attempts" => login attempts"
echo "--------------------"
cat /opt/kippo/log/kippo.log | \
grep 'login attempt' | \
cut -d "," -f 3,4,5 | \
awk '{print "["$1" "$4}'
echo "--------------------"
echo ""
Social Engineering
Social Engineering
WYSINWYC
http://thejh.net/misc/website-terminal-copy-paste
DEMO
Post-Exploitation Tricks
Use Deception to:
Elevate Privileges
Access Protected Resources
Pivot and Move Laterally
Etc.
OS X - AppleScript
fuzzynop.blogspot.com/2014/10/osascript-for-local-phishing.html
DEMO
Windows - PowerShell
github.com/gfoss/misc/blob/master/PowerShell/popuppwn.ps1
DEMO
Attack Security Tools
● Generate False and/or Malformed Logs
● Spoof Port Scanning Origins
$ sudo nmap -sS -P0 -D sucker target(s)
● Block UDP Port 514 or disable logging service
● Capture Service Account Credentials
● Wear AV like a hat and backdoor legitimate programs on the shares…
https://www.shellterproject.com/
Target IT Staff…
It’s broken. :-(
I don’t know what
happened…
Can you fix it?
github.com/clymb3r/PowerShell/tree/master/Invoke-Mimikatz
In Conclusion
Network
Data HumanDefense
Recommended ResourcesRed Team: How to Succeed By Thinking Like the Enemy Micah Zenko
Offensive Countermeasures: The Art of Active Defense Paul Asadoorian and John Strand
Reverse Deception: Organized Cyber Threat Counter-exploitation. Sean Bodmer
Second World War Deception: Lessons Learned from Today’s Joint Planner Major Donald J. Bacon, USAF
Thank You!
Questions?
Greg Fossgreg.foss [at] LogRhythm.com
@heinzarelli