tadao ando prsntn

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TADAO ANDO

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Presentation on life & work of tadao ando

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Page 1: Tadao Ando Prsntn

TADAO ANDO

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My aim is to limit materials, simplify expression to the maximum, eliminate all non-essentials, and in the process interweave in my spaces the totality of the human being.”—Tadao Ando

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“I was never a good student. I always preferred learning things on my own outside of class. When I was about 18, I started to visit temples, shrines and tea houses in Kyoto and nara; There's a lot of great traditional architecture in the area. I was studying architecture by going to see actual building, and reading books about them.”

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TADAO ANDO

Born on September 13, 1941, in minatoku, Osaka, Japan.

from ages 10 to 17 Ando spent his time mostly making wood modelsof ships, airplanes, and moulds, learning the craft from a carpenterwhose shop was across the street from his home.

 Worked as a truck driver and boxer prior to settling in the profession of architecture, despite never having taken formal training in the field.

Self educated in architecture , travelled to USA , Europe & Africa before establishing his office Tadao Ando Architects & Associates , in Osaka, in the year 1969.

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Works primarily in exposed cast-in-place concrete and is renowned for an exemplary craftsmanship which invokes a Japanese sense of materiality, junction and spatial narrative through the pared aesthetics of international modernism

-1979 the annual prize from the architectural institute of Japan-1985 5th alvar alto medal, Finnish association of architects-1989 gold medal, French academy of architecture-1992 Carlsberg architectural prize, Denmark-1995 pritzker architecture prize-1997 royal gold medal, royal institute of British architects;

AWARDS

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AwardOrganization/Location

Country

Year

Annual Prize (Row House, Sumiyoshi) Architectural Institute of Japan

Japan 1979

Cultural Design Prize (Rokko Housing One and Two)

Tokyo Japan 1983

Alvar Alto Medal Finnish Association of Architects

Finland 1985

Gold Medal of Architecture French Academy of Architecture

France 1989

Carlsberg Architectural Prize (International)

Copenhagen Denmark

1992

Japan Art Academy Prize Tokyo Japan 1993Pritzker Architecture Prize (International)

Chicago United States

1995

Chevalier de l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres

Paris France 1995

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Praemium Imperial First «FRATE SOLE” Award in Architecture

Japan Art Association

Japan 1996

Officier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres Paris France

1997

Royal Gold Medal RIBA Great Britain

1997

AIA Gold Medal American Institute Of Architects

United States

2002

UIA Gold Medal International Union of Architects

France

2005

Neutra Medal for Professional Excellence Cal Poly Pomona College of Environmental Design

United States

2012

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Philosophy•Considered a patron of Minimalism but doesn’t compromises with the design• Pure space enveloped in concrete rectangular forms - pure space and simple form• The column has become merely a symbol that addresses culture and history• Extensive use of Concrete and glass in the pure form• Interior of the building are the form itself, ridicules the idea of masking it• Simplified , rectilinear forms and bare, naked concrete walls that define the spaces within• Style- element of Light, Water through concrete and glass

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THE ARCHITECTURE OF TADAO ANDO

Tadao Ando has created more than 150 works of architecture. Examination & analysis of these works yield to us their distinguishing characteristics. Using these characteristics Ando’s work can be classified into three types:

1)Monistic works2)Dualistic works3)Pluralistic works

Architecture refers to a box whose creation has two objectives.One objective is an ideal, the other an ambition . Architecture’s ideal is to form a model of the world. Its ambition is to awaken men’s sensibilities.

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Monistic work

It can be defined as pure space enveloped in concrete rectangular forms– pure space & simple form . Ando manifested architectural will to pierce the superficial modern membrane covering Japanese society & declared an individual’s resolve to destroy the myth of group. Anger & sorrow are , in this sense , the theme of Ando’s architectural expression.

His monistic architecture was born from the spirit of social criticism & personal emotion.

On the other hand , Ando’s architecture displays primitive strength & craft precision.Natural phenomenon arising within the pure space enclosed by his beautiful walls receive concrete substance and stimulate our consciousness , inspiring us to abstract heights.

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Monistic architecture best exemplified by-

Church of light

Chapel on Mount Rokko

Row House, sumiyoshi (Azuma house)

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In these buildings , space has properties both of tranquility & intensity.Spatial intensity signifies the rule of tension & centripetal force over space & the visual & spiritual depth of space.These spatial depths are created by its simple forms, homogenous materials & monotone colors. The restraint in use of materials & the utter simplicity of the forms produce an austere mood & imbue space with tranquil tension. Then suddenly there comes light, transforming pure space into dramatic space. Light & shadow impart movement to space , loosen its tension & endow geometric space with corporeality.

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DESIGN STRATEGIES-Monistic reduction of pure spaces-simplified forms-negation of form (allowing architecture only in the simplest of form)-- Uses the direction of light, the path of the wind , Vanishing point of perspective & the traffic line

When using a rectangular form or cube , or sphere, a centre is born& a centripetal vector arises . Such geometric forms are both lucid & monotonous. In order that simplicity does not degenerate to mediocrity , the directionality of space is vital. Ando therefore employs division to convert simplicity to strength & tension.

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DUALISTIC WORKS

It comprises a territory of contemporary architecture that is entirely his own.In the dualistic work Ando expresses the unresolved conflicts & contradiction of two terms in a visible architectural statement.Ando has conceived his dualistic architecture as an allegory based on geometry of ellipse.Whereas monistic works find expression in allegories base on circle or sphere ,i.e. they condense simple outer form to an imagined central pointMonistic works have a point of accumulation of force or an axis of force. Whereas in dualism ,there is a clean division of the centre possessed by monistic works & strive to set up loss of centre through polarity.Dualistic space, divides the central point into two poles in an endeavor to produce unstable & fluid space.

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Dualistic architecture best exemplified by-Koshino House

Time’s I & II

Nara conventional Hall

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In Ando’s work , section & plan are inherently different in character & compose a dualism in themselves: A dualism in other words , of the abstractness of plan & the concreteness of section , the geometry plan & natural curve of section , or the diffusive openness of the plan & the measured compactness of section. An abstract geometry claims the foremost role in plan , whereas a section has human scale & reflects the character of concrete daily life.

DESIGN STRATEGIES

-Dualism of plan & section translate , by means of columns & wall, into the context of construction & composition.-Construction denotes the vertical development of gravity resistant order, while composition denotes the horizontal development of geometry.

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Forest of tombs museum , Kumamoto

Chikatsu Asuka historical museum, Osaka

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PLURALISTIC WORKS

In these projects, typically sited on vast tracts of land ,the architecture is arranged in sweeping configuration, that at times rises up to startle the surrounding while elsewhere subsiding into lush vegetation.Though low density in its distribution , the architecture sets up moments of spicy tension & inscribes orbits of diffusion & accumulation that are orchestrated to draw our awareness to tranquil scenery.-It is characterized in plan by multiple poles that are scattered & connected with-Long corridors.-Produces space that is ruled not by attractive forces as in monism & dualism but by centrifugal force Pluralism architecture is an architecture of diffusion , escape, flight & liberation.It is illuminated light weight & fast.This architecture style is distinguished by frequent use of curves & its variety of intersecting angles.

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Pluralistic architecture best exemplified by-

Naoshima contemporary Art museum

Nakanoshima project IIChildren’s museum , Hyogo

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If we were to analogize architecture of monism, dualism & pluralism to allegories based on quadratic curves , then whereas monism corresponds to a circle or a straight line , dualism to ellipse & pluralism corresponds to a hyperbola or parabola.

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PROJECTS-: Atelier in Oyodo , Osaka

Rokko Housing I, II, III, Kobe

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Rose Garden, Kobe

Museum of Literature , Himeji

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The Pulitzer Foundation for Arts

Hyogo Prefectural Museum of Art , Kobe

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Church on water

Church of light

Chapel on Mt Rokko

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IMPORTANT PROJECTS

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CHURCH ON THE WATER

"Covered in snow from December to April, the area becomes a beautiful white expanse of

land. Water has been diverted from a nearby river, and a man-made pond 90x45 meters has

been created. The depth of the pond was carefully set so that the surface of the water

would be subtle affected by the wind, and even a slight breeze would cause ripples."

Tadao Ando

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Architect: Tadao Ando

Committee: local government

Location: Tomamu, Hokkaido, Japan

Project: 09.1985-04.1988

Completion: 04.1988-09.1988

Structural engineer:Ascoral Engineering

Associates

Building company: Obayashi Corporation Co.

Structure: Reinforced concrete

Built area: 344.9 sqm

Total area: 520 sqm

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•The chapel is placed on a mountain plateaucentral Hokkaido, the coldest region in Japan, where nature is wild. •The entire area, is green from spring to summer, and in winter strips turned into a white expanse. •In plan, the chapel is formed by the overlapping of two squares, one small and one large, and overlooks a pond made by diverting a stream that flows through the vicinity. •A wall independent, L-shaped around the rear of the building and on one side of the pond. •The chapel is entered from the back and along the path approaching the wall. •The murmur of the water takes visitors along the way, without, however, that they see the lake.•After a hundred and eighty degree turn, go up a gently sloping path to reach an area of access to the Chapel is closed on four sides by glass, a kind of container of light. •Travelled to scale curve that leads to the chapel, the visitor finds the view of the lake through the glass wall in front of the altar you can see the expanse of water and a large cross.

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North ElevationPlan

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Section

Interior View

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CHILDREN’S MUSEUM

Architect: Tadao Ando

Committee: local government

Location: Hyogo, Japan

Project: 1988

Completion:1989

Structure: Reinforced concrete

Built area: 475sqm

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Sited on a hill overlooking a broad lake , the museum is a cultural facility for artistic education of children.The facility consists of 3 parts-The main museum -An intermediate plaza-A work shop complexAll connected by a long pathway marked by a series of walls which slice dramatically through the slope of the hill.The main museum is a multi-functional complex, containing a library, indoor & outdoor theatres, an exhibition gallery , a multi-purpose hall & a restaurant.It is composed of two staggered volumes, one of which connects a fan shaped volume housing the theatres.-A series of man-made pools surround the museum.-The intermediate plaza is a walled external space containing a grid of 16 ,9m high columns.-The workshop complex consists of two storey workshop building, square in plan & set within a plaza.

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Basement Plan

Ground Floor Plan

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First Floor Plan

Second Floor Plan

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Section

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PULITZER FOUNDATION OF ARTS

Architect: Tadao Ando

Owner: Emily Rauh Pulitzer

Location: St. Louis, Missouri

Project: 1992

Completion: 2001

Structural: Eqe-Theiss

Civil Engineer: Kuhlman Design Group, Inc.

Structure: cast-in-place, fine-finish, reinforced

concrete

Built area: 880 sqm

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-It is a deceptively simple composition of space and light.-It was intended from the outset as both a serene setting for the contemplation of art and a contribution toward revitalizing the urban landscape of historic St. Louis.-Ando himself thinks of the building as a "place of possibility" or a "place of mutual discovery." He says: "I see it as the creation of a space to inspire visitors and even expand their consciousness. I want to create a very stimulating place, where works of art are not exhibited merely as specimens but also speak to us as living things.“-A cantilevered roof slab extends from the higher wing over the lower, supported by a single column. -On the lower roof are a glass pavilion and roof garden. -Between the two wings is a reflecting pool.-The main entrance to the building is situated along the north facade, where it is shielded from Washington Boulevard by a porch area. - Double glass doors, located off-axis, admit the visitor into a low foyer and gallery in the building's west wing.  

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Between the two wings of the PFA building is a reflecting pool, perceived as longer than it really is because it is so narrow.

South Main Gallery

A torqued spiral sculpture by Richard Serra is named "Joe"

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The principal gallery in the east wing provides an unbroken flow of space for 52 meters, almost the full length of the building. It is day lit through a band of windows that look onto the pool and west wing.

"In the Pulitzer Foundation for the Arts, I have tried to get the maximum effect from this kind of composition. For example, the reflecting pool in the middle of the building is not very long, but you perceive it as long because the proportion is very narrow. A similar play of perception is involved in the asymmetry, or imbalance, of the building. You perceive each part in relation to another. Each part emphasizes what the other is”.

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The building consists of a set of two rectangular volumes having identical width of 24 feet (7.3 meters) and length of 216 feet and 204 feet respectively, arranged parallel to one another with a water court of the same width in between. The two volumes are different in height: the taller one encloses a double height (measuring 24 feet high) main gallery, and the lower one – having one level less than the former – accommodates the entrance hall, a library, various rooms for administration and research, and a roof top garden. The blank space caused by the difference of length of the volumes is roofed by deep eaves. It serves as an entrance to the museum and a lounge linking the two volumes. External spaces such as the water court, the rooftop garden, and terraces facing them keep a continuity with the gallery inside. Both spaces are regarded as a place of modern art exhibition. The indoor exhibition rooms adopt natural light to intensify the continuity with the outdoors. It is expressed as a space that breathes into Nature, displaying its changing facets as time and seasons pass by.

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First Floor Plan

Model of PFA

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Conceptual Sketch

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Elevation

Inside torqued Spiral structure“Joe”

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CONCLUSION

"An architect who explored the limits of humankind's relationship with nature through his original forms and structures“

-Using the medium of unfinished reinforced concrete, Ando has developed a unique mode of architectural expression infused with a sense of nature.-Combining modern Western architecture and the simple geometric forms of traditional Japanese architecture,

“Concrete, steel and glass are the materials that represent the 20th century and are available all over the world. I always seek new architectural possibilities that I can create with these universal materials. My aim always, is to create warm and rich human spaces, even while using materials that are usually considered cold or poor”

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