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TADM10_1SAP NetWeaver AS

Implementation & OperationI

SAP NetWeaver

Date

Training Center

Instructors

Education Website

Participant HandbookCourse Version: 72Course Duration: 10 Day(s)Material Number: 50106939

An SAP course - use it to learn, reference it for work

Copyright

Copyright 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without theexpress permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice.

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THESE MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED BY SAP ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND SAP EXPRESSLYDISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR APPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUTLIMITATION WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULARPURPOSE, WITH RESPECT TO THESE MATERIALS AND THE SERVICE, INFORMATION, TEXT,GRAPHICS, LINKS, OR ANY OTHER MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS CONTAINED HEREIN. INNO EVENT SHALL SAP BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL,CONSEQUENTIAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER, INCLUDINGWITHOUT LIMITATION LOST REVENUES OR LOST PROFITS, WHICH MAY RESULT FROMTHE USE OF THESE MATERIALS OR INCLUDED SOFTWARE COMPONENTS.

g201111162373

About This HandbookThis handbook is intended to complement the instructor-led presentation of thiscourse, and serve as a source of reference. It is not suitable for self-study.

Typographic ConventionsAmerican English is the standard used in this handbook. The following typographicconventions are also used.

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Example text Words or characters that appear on the screen. Theseinclude field names, screen titles, pushbuttons as well asmenu names, paths, and options.

Also used for cross-references to other documentationboth internal and external.

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Example text Screen output. This includes file and directory namesand their paths, messages, names of variables andparameters, and passages of the source text of a program.

Example text Exact user entry. These are words and characters thatyou enter in the system exactly as they appear in thedocumentation.

Variable user entry. Pointed brackets indicate that youreplace these words and characters with appropriateentries.

2011 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. iii

About This Handbook TADM10_1

Icons in Body TextThe following icons are used in this handbook.

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For more information, tips, or background

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iv 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 2011

Contents

Course Overview ............................................................................. viiCourse Goals.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viiCourse Objectives ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii

Unit 1: The Big Picture ........................................................................1

The SAP Software Portfolio .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2SAP NetWeaver .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17SAP Release Strategy ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Unit 2: Navigation ............................................................................ 41

Navigation in SAP Systems ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Advanced Navigation in the SAP GUI ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Appendix - Personalizing the User Interface ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Unit 3: The System Core .................................................................... 89

Principal Architecture of the SAP NetWeaver AS ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Logon Groups in AS ABAP... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113AS ABAP Processes ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119Fundamental Concepts of Java... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152AS Java Processes... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .166Java Cluster Architecture .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .174The Internal Structure of the AS Java... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

Unit 4: Starting and Stopping SAP Systems ..........................................195

System Start: Process ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .197System Start: AS ABAP and AS ABAP+Java Process... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .204System Start: AS Java... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .212Tools for Starting and Stopping SAP Systems... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .216System Start: AS ABAP Logs... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235Java Startup and Control Framework ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .240Logs of the Start and Stop Processes of the AS Java ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .250Appendix: Downtime Management .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .256

Unit 5: Introduction to System Configuration ........................................265

How the System Evaluates Its Parameters .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .267How to set Profile Parameters .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276

2011 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. v

Contents TADM10_1

Setting up Operation Modes ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .287Administration and Configuration Tools of the AS Java ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .300General Configuration of the AS Java Cluster with the Config Tool.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .321General Configuration of the AS Java Cluster with the Visual Administrator .. . . .340Other Administration Tools .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .359Selected Configurations ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .374

Unit 6: Setting up SSL for AS Java......................................................395

Setting up SSL ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .396

Unit 7: Software Development in SAP Systems......................................427

Data Structure of an SAP System and Software Logistics .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .429Accessing and Editing ABAP Repository Objects .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .440Importing Transport Requests .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .459Introduction to SAP NetWeaver Development Infrastructure (NWDI) .. . . . . . . . . . . . .466

Glossary .......................................................................................487

Index ............................................................................................497

vi 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 2011

Course OverviewCourse TADM10 is the foundation for various, further training courses for consultants.After TADM10, you can continue your training either by taking course TADM12 tofurther expand your knowledge of SAP NetWeaver AS, or by training to become a(Technical) PI or Portal Consultant.

This training content is largely independent of the type of operating system anddatabase technology.

Like the other TADM courses, TADM10 comprises several individual courses (orparts thereof), which are arranged here in a way that will enable you to gain theknowledge you require as an SAP Technology Consultant as efficiently as possible.

Week 1 of course TADM10 is based on content taken from the following courses:

1. SAPTEC

2. ADM100

3. ADM200

Week 2 of course TADM10 is based on content taken from the following courses:

1. SAPTEC

2. ADM100

3. ADM102

4. ADM200

Target Audience

This course is intended for the following audiences:

SAP Technology Consultants (Associate Level)

Course Prerequisites

Required Knowledge

Basic knowledge of IT

Basic knowledge of operating systems and databases

2011 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. vii

Course Overview TADM10_1

Course GoalsThis course will prepare you to:

Work as an Associate Consultant (Junior Consultant) within the SAP technologyenvironment

Configure and manage SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP

Configure and manage SAP NetWeaver AS Java

Course Objectives

After completing this course, you will be able to:

Process basic tasks within the technology environment of SAP systems

viii 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 2011

Unit 1The Big Picture

Unit OverviewThis unit provides an overview of the SAP solutions first. You will then learn moreabout SAP's release strategy. Finally, we will talk about the application and integrationplatform SAP NetWeaver.

Unit ObjectivesAfter completing this unit, you will be able to:

List the key components of the SAP solutions

Explain the differences between an application and a component

Explain the basic concept of SAP NetWeaver

Describe the central role played by the SAP NetWeaver Application Server

Describe the SAP software delivery process

Explain the SAP maintenance strategy

Find out when SAP software releases will become available

Unit ContentsLesson: The SAP Software Portfolio .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2Lesson: SAP NetWeaver .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Lesson: SAP Release Strategy ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Exercise 1: SAP Release Strategy... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

2011 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 1

Unit 1: The Big Picture TADM10_1

Lesson: The SAP Software Portfolio

Lesson OverviewThis unit provides an introduction to the structure of SAP's software solutions, at thecenter of which is the SAP Business Suite.

Lesson ObjectivesAfter completing this lesson, you will be able to:



Business ExampleYour company plans to introduce SAP software. You, as a member of the projectteam, need an overview of the entire SAP portfolio.

SAP Strategy at a GlanceThe overall goal for SAP is to deliver instant value to organizations and peopleeverywhere by expanding its solution portfolio with innovations that reach out tothe many people that need IT in their daily work and daily life, while maintainingmaximum consistency of data, processes, and applications. Therefore, SAP focuseson the following key areas:


TADM10_1 Lesson: The SAP Software Portfolio

Figure 1: SAP's Key Areas

Scale the Customers Core Business (On Premise)

SAP plans to continue to evolve and strengthen its core business of providing solutionsfor all industries and market segments. The offered solutions will scale the customerscore business and deliver instant value to them. To ease the consumption of thesesolutions, they will be as preintegrated as possible and able to be implemented in anondisruptive way, and they will be developed using timeless software principlessuch as decoupling, layering, componentization, abstraction, and design.

Via service-oriented architecture (SOA), other independent solutions will be able tointegrate consistently with the customers core business processes.

One major deliverable within this area, SAP Business Suite 7 software, is alreadyavailable, and more are planned to follow in the next years.

Innovate via Extensions (On Demand)

Besides offering solutions that scale the customers core business, SAP plans toprovide rapid innovations that deliver extended functionality for a specific line ofbusiness.

These extensions will be delivered on demand. In this way, customers can consumethe innovations instantly without the need for on-site IT to manage the infrastructure.

As these extensions will integrate smoothly with the customers core businessprocesses, customers will benefit from end-to-end business process integration.



Extend Our Customers Reach (On Device)

In addition, SAP intends to extend the customers reach by:

Enabling end users to consume SAP data and processes from different deviceseverywhere (SAP applications for mobile business)

Providing end users with information from both inside and outside the enterpriseso that they can make decisions based on a broad array of data according to theirindividual use case (analytical capabilities)

Helping end users to cooperate and optimize performance across a dynamicbusiness network of people (tools for collaboration)

Enabling partners, customers and end-users to extend the functionality of SAPand build own user experiences.

Orchestration

To ensure that all these layers fit together perfectly, an orchestration layer that worksacross all applications within a customer landscape is required. Therefore, SAP plansto continue to invest in the areas of lifecycle management, master data management,and process orchestration. The goal is to reduce the cost of ownership continuouslyand to help ensure data consistency and process management across multiple layers ofapplications.

Offers for Companies of All SizesSAP offers a vast range of products for companies of all sizes. SAP has scalableproducts, ensuring that they can be adjusted to any size and adaptable to thecontinuously changing processes of a company.



Figure 2: Different Sizes Different Products

The following offerings are available to small and mid size business customers:

SAP Business One

SAP Business One is a comprehensive, integrated ERP application with an interfacesimilar to Windows, which has been developed specifically for small and midsizecompanies. It distinguishes itself by simple navigation and expansion options,innovative Drag&Relate functions as well as integration with Microsoft Wordand Excel. The software enables you to uniformly manage the most importantbusiness areas such as sales, distribution and finances with one single, integratedapplication. This enables SAP Business One to provide an up-to-date overview ofyour company's most important data at any time. This information helps you meetcustomer requirements even more quickly, which is an important prerequisite forprofitable growth.

SAP Business One is the ideal solution for small companies with up to 100 employeeswho are looking for an affordable system that covers their core processes (suchas finance, sales, customer service and operations), thus ensuring successful andprofitable operations. The solution can be used as a local software or hosted by apartner with an average implementation time of less than two months. SAP BusinessOne is sold exclusively through a global partner network of currently 1,150 certifiedand experienced partners. They offer 24 hour support, which also covers the morethan 550 enhancements from independent software providers. SAP Business One iscurrently being used by more than 20,000 customers in over 40 countries.

Hint: For more, see http://www.sap.com/solutions/sme/businessone.



SAP Business ByDesign

SAP Business ByDesign is SAP's latest solution for small and midsize companies withbetween 100 and 500 employees, who want to use an on-demand solution to improvetheir core processes and at the same time benefit from lower entry and operating costs.It is aimed, in particular, at midmarket companies who are not yet using integratedbusiness software.

The solution combines the advantages of an integrated, end-to-end application withthe low risk potential and the low total operating costs of an on-demand solution. Anon-demand solution that distinguishes itself through integrated service and support,adaptability and more user friendliness and also guarantees transparency and theobservation of legal requirements all this on the basis of an Enterprise SOA bydesign. SAP Business ByDesign is the most complete, fully integrated on-demandsolution. More than a pure niche solution, it supports the requirements of midsizecompanies in all areas such as effective management of finances, human resources,projects, production as well as supplier and customer relationship management andregional and local legal requirements, and compliance management as core designprinciples. It was not developed with the traditional categories of business applicationsor customer relationship management and others. Instead, it was developed forbusiness processes in the entire company with user interfaces that are customized tothe user roles. SAP Business ByDesign offers end-to-end processes for the workcenter of the future.

Hint: For more, see http://www.sap.com/solutions/sme/businessbydesign.

SAP Business All-in-One

All software has to be adapted to the specific company. A midsize company with fewemployees and comparatively stable processes can use preconfigured SAP systems.SAP All-in-One is the brand name for vertical (industry-specific or country-specific)applications that are based on the technology of SAP NetWeaver and were developedin conjunction with SAPs' partners.

SAP Business All-in-One is the ideal solution for small and midsize companies (up to2,500 employees) with very industry-specific requirements who have several divisionsand a mature IT infrastructure. The software lets you deploy core enterprise resourceplanning (ERP), customer relationship management (CRM), and business intelligencefunctionality. It also allows you to leverage the best practices of industry leaders allat an affordable fixed price on a platform your business will not outgrow.

The solution can be used as a local software or hosted by a partner and it is basedon a variety of SAP products (with a focus on SAP ERP, SAP CRM and the SAPBusiness Objects Portfolio). It provides an industry-specific function portfolio based



on SAP Best Practices. SAP Business All-in-One is affordable and can be plannedand, thanks to preconfigured business scenarios and implementation accelerators, itcan be implemented quickly (8 to 16 weeks).

Today more than 13,000 small and midsize customers in more than 50 countries runSAP Business All-in-One. You can rest assured that SAP, as one of the worlds leadingproviders of business software, will be around for a long time to come. More than1,000 SAP partners around the world deliver local implementation and customizationsupport for SAP Business All-in-One, giving you access to expert assistance no matterwhere you are located.

Hint: For more, see http://www.sap.com/solutions/sme/businessallinone.

Profile of SAP's SME Solutions

The following table shows a comparison of SAP's offerings for small businessesand midsize companies:

SAP Business One SAP BusinessByDesign

SAP BusinessAll-in-One

Overview A single, integratedapplication tomanage an entirebusiness

Single, integratedbusinessmanagement solutiondelivered as softwareas a service (SaaS)

A comprehensive,integrated industrysolution to power abusiness end to end

Best fit forcompaniesthat...

Have outgrownpackagedaccountingonlysoftware and needto replace multiple,nonintegratedapplications

Need to replacepoint solutions,manual processes,and spreadsheets

Have outgrown pointsolutions, legacy orcustom applications,or current ERPsoftware

Have currentsolutions thatmay not meetindustry-specificrequirements or thatlack cross-borderfunctionality

Are experiencingincreasing businessprocess complexity



SAP Business One SAP BusinessByDesign


and need systemsthat can scale to meetgrowth plans

Companysize

Up to 100 100500 Up to 2,500

Availability Available in 40countries, 20languages

Available in theUnited States,Germany, France,the United Kingdom,China, and India

Available in 50countries

IT staff andcapabilities

Have limited oroutsourced ITresources

Have limited oroutsourced ITresources

Have in-house ITstaff

Deploymentmodel

On premise or hostedby partner

On demand On premise or hostedby partner

Implementa-tion time

Approximately 68weeks



SAP Business Suite in DetailThe SAP Business Suite is an extended family of business applications that enablescompanies to manage their entire value chains. The included business applicationsprovide users with consistent results throughout the entire company network andgive your company the flexibility it needs in today's dynamic market situations. Theapplication consists of a number of different products that support cross-companyprocesses.

Hint: For more, see http://www.sap.com/solutions/business-suite.

SAP's software portfolio is constantly extended, optimized, and tailored to the needsof the market and of customers. SAP has therefore, for example, developed manyindustry-specific applications over the years. The topic of integrating differentbusiness systems (even from different vendors and across company boundaries) hasbecome increasingly important recently. Products for small to midsize businesses havealso been added to SAP's family of software solutions.



The SAP Business Suite, a complete business software package that is uniqueworldwide, plays a central role. Many companies are already profiting from thecomprehensive and flexible business applications with highly evolved functions:complete integration, industry-typical functions, unlimited scalability and smoothcollaboration via the internet.

The SAP Business Suite provides:

A complete spectrum of business solutions

A technological infrastructure that combines openness and flexibility withmaturity and stability

Interfaces for integrating non-SAP products

Components that can be adapted to meet multiple business requirements

Numerous industry-specific functions

The next graphic illustrates the key components of the SAP Business Suite:

Figure 3: SAP Business Suite: Architecture

The components that make up SAP Business Suite are described in the followingsections.



Core Applications

The core applications of SAP Business Suite are a set of business applications thatsupport all the essential business processes of an enterprise. They are summarizedhere.

SAP ERP is a market-leading application for optimizing business and IT byreducing IT complexity, increasing adaptability, and delivering more IT valueat a lower cost than traditional enterprise resource planning (ERP) solutions. Itsupports mission-critical, end-to-end business processes for finance, human capitalmanagement, asset management, sales, procurement, and other essential corporatefunctions. SAP ERP also supports industry-specific processes by providingindustry-specific business functions that can be activated selectively via the switchframework, which keeps the application core stable and helps to ensure maximumperformance.

Hint: For more, see http://www.sap.com/solutions/business-suite/erp.

The SAP Customer Relationship Management (SAP CRM) application providesa comprehensive platform for marketing, sales, and service professionals to obtaincomplete customer intelligence that they can leverage to effectively managecustomers and customer-related processes. SAP CRM enables multichannel customerinteractions, including mobile smart phones, the internet, and social media, and alsooffers a dedicated communications infrastructure that helps to connect all usersanytime, anywhere.

Hint: For more, see http://www.sap.com/solutions/business-suite/crm.

The SAP Product Lifecycle Management (SAP PLM) application helps companiesmanage, track, and control all product-related information over the complete productand asset lifecycle as well as throughout the extended supply chain. SAP PLMfacilitates creativity and frees the process of product innovation from organizationalconstraints.

Hint: For more, see http://www.sap.com/solutions/business-suite/plm.

The SAP Supplier Relationship Management (SAP SRM) application providesa procurement platform that helps organizations in all industries improve theircentralized sourcing and contract management and interact with suppliers through



multiple channels. SAP SRM accelerates and optimizes the entire end-to-endprocure-to-pay process by supporting integrated processes and enforcing contractcompliance, resulting in realizable savings.

Hint: For more, see http://www.sap.com/solutions/business-suite/srm.

The SAP Supply Chain Management (SAP SCM) application allows companiesto adapt their supply chain processes to an ever-changing competitive environment.SAP SCM transforms traditional supply chains from linear, sequential processesinto open, configurable, responsive supply networks in which customer-centric,demand-driven companies can sense and respond more intelligently and more quicklyto demand-and-supply dynamics across a globally distributed environment.

Hint: For more, see http://www.sap.com/solutions/business-suite/scm.

Industry Applications

SAP addresses the requirements of specific business processes for many industries bycomplementing the basic business processes common to all large enterprises. Supportfor these industry-specific processes is delivered as part of SAP ERP or as a separateindustry application (for example, the SAP Dealer Business Management applicationor the SAP Reinsurance Management application) that integrates with the otherapplications of SAP Business Suite. The architecture and business functionality of theindustry applications are a result of SAPs in-depth understanding of industry-specificbusiness requirements and the resulting business processes. SAP industry portfoliosare continuously enhanced by adding new applications that address the highlyspecialized business needs of customers in very targeted markets.

The following table lists the industry portfolio (as of Q3 2011):

Industry Sector Industry Portfolio

Discrete Industries SAP for Aerospace & DefenseSAP for AutomotiveSAP for Engineering, Construction & OperationsSAP for High TechSAP for Industrial Machinery & Components

Process Industries SAP for ChemicalsSAP for Life SciencesSAP for Mill ProductsSAP for MiningSAP for Oil & Gas



Industry Sector Industry Portfolio

Consumer Industries SAP for Consumer ProductsSAP for RetailSAP for Wholesale Distribution

Service Industries SAP for MediaSAP for Professional ServicesSAP for TelecommunicationsSAP for Transportation & LogisticsSAP for Utilities

Public Services SAP for Defense & SecuritySAP for HealthcareSAP for Higher Education & ResearchSAP for Public Sector

Financial Services SAP for BankingSAP for Insurance

Supplementary Applications

Supplementary applications include applications that drive specialized businessprocesses common to a large number of industries. They deliver a short time to value,appeal to specialized business users, and offer a high degree of process flexibility.Supplementary applications include, for example, manufacturing applications, SAPsolutions for auto-ID and item serialization, and applications for mobile business.

SAP NetWeaver

The SAP NetWeaver technology platform is the reliable, secure, and scalablefoundation to run business applications like SAP Business Suite and SAPBusinessObjects applications to help ensure that large enterprises can performmission-critical business processes. As the technical foundation for service-orientedarchitecture, SAP NetWeaver delivers a comprehensive set of middleware functionsin a modular software environment with the aim of reducing IT complexity andincreasing business flexibility across heterogeneous IT landscapes. SAP NetWeaverprovides IT organizations with the lowest cost of operation and best businessavailability for SAP applications across heterogeneous IT landscapes through unifiedlifecycle management, identity management, secure communications, and end-to-endmonitoring.



Enhancement Packages

Enhancement packages for innovation without disruption: SAP has a proven way tocontinuously deliver innovation for SAP Business Suite and SAP NetWeaver withoutdisruption. It comes in the form of enhancement packages that provide collectionsof new or improved business functions that companies can deploy in a modularfashion and on their own timetable. The strategy of enhancement packages enablingcompanies to take advantage of ongoing innovations while keeping their core softwarestable was introduced with the SAP ERP 6.0 application and has been proven withseveral enhancement packages since 2006.

All core applications of SAP Business Suite are now enabled for continuousinnovation through enhancement packages. In the future, SAP intends to continueto deliver enhancement packages for the core applications, minimizing the need forcompanies to engage in potentially disruptive upgrade projects.

SAP Licensing ModelSAP aims to offer software licenses that provide comprehensive solutions for businessscenarios. SAP has therefore grouped applications that support core businessprocesses into solution portfolios that serve the needs of customers in 24 industries.Each application within a portfolio has a clear connection to one or more businessscenarios of the respective industry solution map provided by SAP.



Figure 4: SAP Licensing Model

SAP licenses its software through a combination of package licenses and nameduser licenses. Package licenses entitle a licensee to deploy and use the specifiedsoftware functionality, provided that the appropriate users accessing the functionalityare licensed as well. Every user accessing the package license needs to have theappropriate named user license. SAP offers several user categories that depend on therole of the individual user. Additionally, some SAP BusinessObjects solutions may belicensed flexibly based on number of users and other metrics dependent on the solution.

There are three main categories in SAPs license portfolio: SAP Business Suite(including industry portfolios, enterprise extensions, and enterprise foundation), SAPBusinessObjects solutions, and SAP NetWeaver. For each category, SAP offers a setof package licenses that permit the use of the respective software. Note that the threemain categories correspond to the main sections of SAPs price list they do notnecessarily correspond to the technical solution view. For example, a package licensefor SAP Business Suite may include use rights for application components that, froma technical solution perspective, are branded as SAP NetWeaver.



Context of Applications and ComponentsNumerous applications for business challenges are provided in the context of the SAPBusiness Suite. However, many applications have similar or identical requirementsfor business functions in subareas. Different applications therefore contain similar(software) components in parts. A component is the smallest, separately producible,deliverable, installable, and maintainable software unit.

Components refer to, for example, an SAP ECC system, an SAP SCM system or alsoan SAP NetWeaver Portal system. The graphic provides an overview of this hierarchy(components as building blocks of solutions) using the SAP SCM application asthe example.

Figure 5: Applications and Components



Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:



Related Information

For more information, see the following SAP internet sites. All of these sites arefreely available, a few require you to register free of charge.

SAP Global Homepage, http://www.sap.com

SAP Help Portal, http://help.sap.com

SAP Service Marketplace, https://service.sap.com

SAP Info, http://www.sap.info

SAP Insider Online, http://www.sapinsideronline.com


TADM10_1 Lesson: SAP NetWeaver

Lesson: SAP NetWeaver

Lesson OverviewThis lesson explains the central role of the SAP NetWeaver Application Server inSAP NetWeaver.




Business ExampleYou want to find out more about SAP NetWeaver and the role that the SAP NetWeaverApplication Server (SAP NetWeaver AS) plays in SAP NetWeaver.

SAP NetWeaverThe SAP NetWeaver technology platform is the reliable, secure, and scalablefoundation to run business applications like SAP Business Suite and SAPBusinessObjects applications to help ensure that large enterprises can performmission-critical business processes. As the technical foundation for service-orientedarchitecture, SAP NetWeaver delivers a comprehensive set of middleware functionsin a modular software environment with the aim of reducing IT complexity andincreasing business flexibility across heterogeneous IT landscapes. SAP NetWeaverprovides IT organizations with the lowest cost of operation and best businessavailability for SAP applications across heterogeneous IT landscapes through unifiedlifecycle management, identity management, secure communications, and end-to-endmonitoring.

NetWeaver provides customers with a flexible way to integrate and extend businessprocesses that run across SAP, SAP -certified partner, and custom-built applications bydelivering prebuilt integration content and enterprise services, with rapid deploymentsupported by model-driven tools. With support for business process management,mission-critical business processes can be monitored for efficiency, integrity, andsecurity. Business users can also use SAP NetWeaver to define business rules to helpensure consistent processes across the business network.

SAP NetWeaver integrates and connects people, information and business processesacross technologies and companies. It enables companies to adjust to changes quickly.SAP NetWeaver ensures that a company's crucial business processes are reliable, safe



and scaleable. Furthermore, SAP NetWeaver enables companies to maximize thebenefits from the current software and systems. Non-uniform integration technologiesare consolidated and predefined business content is provided thus reducing the amountof manual work required. SAP NetWeaver is based on a technology using industrystandards and can be enhanced with popular development tools.

IT Practices and IT Scenarios

Figure 6: SAP NetWeaver: Technoloy Map Edition 2010

SAP NetWeaver enables you to implement IT processes in a range of solutionmethods, called IT practices. For each practice, SAP NetWeaver supports a rangeof key IT activities, which can be performed using the integrated components ofthe platform. The focus here is not on system and technological components but onthe IT and business goals of the company. IT practices enable you to reach yourcompany's goals in individual and manageable projects, that is, in sequential steps andaccording to their importance. IT practices refer to, for example, the increase of userproductivity through improved, cross-company collaboration, personalized access toapplications and data and optimized knowledge management. IT practices show howSAP NetWeaver can be used to solve certain IT problems by means of IT scenarios.For each IT practice, SAP NetWeaver supplies corresponding IT scenarios, whichact as implementation guides.



The aim of the IT scenarios is to help you as a customer, partner or service providerwith the installation, configuration and operation of SAP NetWeaver as well as theoperation of SAP applications, customer-specific applications and the implementationof your defined IT scenarios.

SAP NetWeaver Layers and Key Capabilities

Figure 7: SAP NetWeaver: Key Capabilities

People Integration

People Integration brings together the right functionality and the rightinformation to the right people.

Multi-channel access: SAP NetWeaver Mobile Provides a future-proofmobile runtime environment based on open and flexible technologystandards and a powerful development environment for building integratedmobile solutions with native or browser-based user interfaces

Portal: SAP NetWeaver Portal Unifies critical information andapplications to give users role-based views that span the enterprise,enabling you to take full advantage of your information resources

Collaboration: With the collaboration capabilities, SAP NetWeaverallows communication and collaboration in the portal. This allows SAPNetWeaver to bring together members of project groups regardless of timeand of their geographic location. Users can use virtual rooms for commonaccess and organization of documents, applications, and ideas.



Information Integration

Information integration provides your company with both structured andunstructured information that is consistent and accessible: Users have constantaccess to consistent information, no matter where it is stored.

Business Intelligence: SAP NetWeaver Business Warehouse Enablesyou to integrate data from across the enterprise and transform it intopractical, timely business information to drive sound decision making

Knowledge Management: With its Knowledge Management capabilities,SAP NetWeaver Portal provides a central, role-specific point of entry tounstructured information from various data sources. This unstructuredinformation can exist in different formats such as text documents,presentations, or HTML files.

Master Data Management: SAP NetWeaver Master Data Management Ensures cross-system data consistency and helps integrate businessprocesses across the extended value chain

Process Integration

SAP NetWeaver Process Integration Delivers SOA-based technology thatsupports process-centric integration across the extended value chain

Integration Broker: With the Integration Broker, integration knowledgeis shipped in the form of pre-defined integration scenarios. Furthermore,the Integration Broker provides a set of integrated tools for creating andmanaging all integration-relevant information

Business Process Management: Provides tools to help you model,execute, and monitor business processes based on a single, consistentprocess model

Application Platform

The SAP NetWeaver Application Server provides a complete developmentinfrastructure on which you can develop, distribute, and executeplatform-independent, robust, and scalable Web services and businessapplications.

J2EE: Support for Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition (J2EE) fordeveloping Java-based business applications

ABAP: ABAP is a programming language developed by SAP to developbusiness applications.

DB and OS Abstraction: The SAP NetWeaver Application Serversupports a variety of databases and operating systems

Beyond these four layers and in parallel to them, SAP NetWeaver offers LifecycleManagement and the Composite Application Framework:



Lifecycle Management

Lifecycle Management supports design, development, deployment and changemanagement of the entire solution and thus meets the requirements in thesecurity, design and modeling, testing and systems environment managementareas.

Composite Application Framework

The Composite Application Framework (CAF) is integrated into SAP NetWeaverand enables SAP and its partner to use tools, frameworks, rules and methods tocreate new applications that are based on business processes across functionareas.

SAP NetWeaver Application Server (SAP NetWeaver AS)Almost every SAP system is based on SAP NetWeaver AS and uses it as the runtimeenvironment. Together with the database, SAP NetWeaver AS is the applicationplatform of SAP NetWeaver.

Figure 8: SAP NetWeaver AS as the Basis for SAP Systems



Figure 9: SAP NetWeaver Application Server

SAP NetWeaver AS is the logical result of the further development of the SAPApplication Server Technology (previously: SAP Basis), whereby special attention ispaid to web-based applications.

SAP NetWeaver AS offers:

A reliable and extensively tested runtime environment, which has beendeveloped further continuously over more than ten years

A framework for executing complex business processes that meet the highestsecurity standards

A reliable and user-friendly development environment

Support for open standards, including HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, WebDAV, SOAP,SSL, SSO, X.509, Unicode, HTML, XML and WML

High scalability

Support for different operating system and database platforms



Since the applications delivered by SAP do not always require both runtimeenvironments, that is, ABAP and Java, there are different installation options forSAP NetWeaver AS. These are:

SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP: Complete infrastructure in which ABAP-basedapplications can be developed and used.

SAP NetWeaver AS Java: Complete infrastructure in which J2EE-conformapplications can be developed and used.

SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP+Java (dual stack): Complete infrastructure inwhich ABAP-based and J2EE-based applications can be developed and used.



Lesson Summary




Related Information

http://www.sap.com/netweaver

SAP Developer Network, Quick Link /irj/sdn/nw-products

SAP Developer Network, Quick Link /irj/sdn/nw-70, path IT Practices andIT Scenarios SAP NetWeaver 7.0


TADM10_1 Lesson: SAP Release Strategy

Lesson: SAP Release Strategy

Lesson OverviewThis lesson explains what phases your SAP solution runs through over time until thenext upgrade to a higher release as well as what maintenance duration is guaranteedfor SAP products.





Business ExampleYou want up-to-date information about the availability of releases of SAP solutions, inorder to be able to make a good decision with regard to the purchase or upgrade ofan SAP solution.

Availability and DeliveryThe SAP release and maintenance strategy determines the availability of new SAPsoftware releases (including releases or enhancement packages of SAP Business Suite,SAP NetWeaver, and the SAP BusinessObjects portfolio), the length and conditions oftheir maintenance, and the dependencies between individual releases.

Shipments of SAP releases and corresponding enhancement packages are generallyintroduced into the market in two (or three) shipment phases: (beta), restricted andunrestricted.



Figure 10: Phases of Software Delivery by SAP

Beta Shipment Phase

In some cases, a beta shipment may be offered prior to the restricted shipmentphase (before the release-to-customer date). Beta shipments may be used for testingpurposes only. They are not available for productive use.

Restricted Shipment Phase

New software releases are only available to a restricted number of customers whoseincrease is controlled. The Release to Customer date marks the start of the restrictedshipment phase.



During the restricted shipment phase, the new software release passes through astandardized process, the Ramp-Up. Characteristics of the ramp-up process are:

Ramp-up is the name for the market introduction process of new products ornew releases of SAP software.

The software can be used for a productive implementation.

During the ramp-up, the software is only available for a limited circle ofcustomers, customers apply to SAP to participate in a ramp-up.

The ramp-up serves to take customer wishes into consideration before therespective SAP software is generally available.

Participants in the ramp-up are given direct contact to the SAP development andare provided with wide support in implementing the SAP software.

A ramp-up usually takes about 6 months.

Note: For more information about the ramp-up, see SAP Service Marketplace,Quick Link /rampup.

Unrestricted Shipment Phase

With the successful conclusion of the SAP Ramp-Up program, the unrestrictedshipment phase of an SAP release begins on the default release date. After thedefault release date all customers can request the new software without restrictions.

The respective latest, generally available version of SAP software is called DefaultRelease. When SAP customers order software from SAP, they are usually given thecurrent default release.

MaintenanceYour maintenance contract includes Support Packages, which are provided by SAPvia the SAP Service Marketplace. Support Packages solve (component-dependent)problems that can result when using the SAP software. SAP provides these SupportPackages at certain intervals.



The SAP Maintenance Strategy

Figure 11: SAP Maintenance Strategy

Hint: The duration of mainstream maintenance might be different forselected software products from SAP. For example, some core applications ofSAP Business Suite have a significantly increased duration of mainstreammaintenance.

A 512 maintenance strategy was introduced in 2004. It supported alignedmaintenance phases between SAP releases. In continuing to provide a strong, reliablesupport structure for some of the industrys leading solutions, SAP extended its 512strategy to 7-2: seven years of mainstream maintenance, with an additional optionfor two years of extended maintenance.

We distinguish the following three phases of maintenance:

Mainstream maintenance

Mainstream maintenance starts from the "release to customer" date and generallyends after 7 years (covering the restricted and unrestricted shipment phases).



Extended maintenance

Customers can extend the support period (in which corrections or legal changesare taken into account) for an increased maintenance fee.

The scope of support for the entire extended maintenance period is similar tothe scope of support provided during mainstream maintenance. SAP publishesinformation on the availability and scope of extended maintenance in advance.

Customer-specific maintenance

From a certain point in time during the lifecycle of a release, this release isno longer adjusted to meet external requirements. Such requirements are,for example, the implementation of legal changes or the support of newtechnologies. The time in question is marked by the end of extended maintenanceor the end of mainstream maintenance, if no extended maintenance is offered.Customer-specific maintenance starts at this point in time.

A release enters into customer-specific maintenance automatically. There is noneed to apply for an additional contract. During this phase, customers receivesupport services similar to those offered in the mainstream maintenance phase,with some restrictions. For example, SAP does not deliver new support packagesor updates to cover legal changes, and technology updates are limited. Problemresolution is customer specific, which means customers are charged for solvingproblems not yet known to SAP.

Note: See SAP Service Marketplace, Quick Link /maintenance for additionalinformation on the maintenance strategy. SAP Note 52505 deals specificallywith the particularities of customer-specific maintenance.

UpgradeSAP provides upgrade paths for SAP releases and the corresponding content releasesand provides access to upgrade procedures to the current release. Usually customerscan upgrade directly from one release to any other subsequent SAP release as long asthe releases are in the mainstream maintenance phase. Depending on technologicalconstraints, an upgrade to a release that is several releases removed from a customerscurrent release may have to be performed in more than one step.

To facilitate smooth upgrades, SAP provides a sufficient overlap of two successivereleases to make sure that the time in which customers may upgrade from one releaseto the next is at least one year for SAP releases. For content releases, the overlap isat least six months. This helps ensure that the window customers have to upgradefrom one release to the next is sufficient.

Note: For more information on upgrade, see SAP Service Marketplace,Quick Link /upgrade.



History of Selected Software ComponentsThis section provides a bit of history of a few selected software components.

The following figure shows the historical development of

the basis technology (SAP Basis SAP Web AS SAP NetWeaver AS)

the core business functionality (SAP R/3 SAP R/3 Enterprise SAP ECC)

Figure 12: Evolution of Basis and Business Functionality

Technical Basis (Application Server)

Back in the days when SAP basically offered two products (SAP R/2 and SAPR/3), the development of the (technical) basis was closely linked to applicationdevelopment. The release names of the SAP Basis corresponded to the SAP R/3version, for example, SAP Basis 4.0B was the technical basis for SAP R/3 4.0B.

Around the turn of the millennium, the SAP portfolio grew significantly, new productswere created that required more frequent changes and enhancements of the SAP Basisthan SAP R/3. This marks the transition from the classic SAP Basis (last version:SAP Basis 4.6D) to SAP Web Application Server (SAP Web AS). New internet



technologies (Internet Communication Manager from SAP Web AS 6.10 onwards)and the supplementing of the classical ABAP environment with Java/JEE (from SAPWeb AS 6.20 onwards) were important milestones.

SAP Web AS 6.40 forms the technical basis (application platform) of SAPNetWeaver 2004. SAP NetWeaver offers extensive capabilities (such as BusinessWarehouse), which are all based on the application platform. From SAP NetWeaver7.0 (previously: SAP NetWeaver 2004s) the names and releases were adapted further,so now SAP NetWeaver 7.0 is based on SAP NetWeaver Application Server (SAPNetWeaver AS).

While the releases 7.1x and 7.20 of the SAP NetWeaver AS are used only for certainusages (such as SAP NetWeaver Process Integration (PI) and SAP NetWeaverComposition Environment (CE)), SAP NetWeaver 7.3 is a full shipment of the SAPNetWeaver technology stack.

Central ERP Functions

As already mentioned, in times of SAP R/3, the technical basis and applicationdevelopment were interlinked, up to and including SAP R/3 4.6C.

With SAP R/3 Enterprise (4.7), which is based on SAP Web AS 6.20, the concept ofSAP R/3 Enterprise Extensions was introduced.

A central application (previously: solution) of the SAP Business Suite is SAPERP for Enterprise Resource Planning. The central software component of SAPERP is SAP ERP Central Component (SAP ECC). SAP ECC 5.00 can thus beconsidered the technical successor of SAP R/3 Enterprise and is based on an SAPWeb AS 6.40. At the time of creating this documentation, the current version is SAPERP 6.0 (previously: SAP ERP 2005), which also includes an SAP ECC 6.00 (thatoperates on the basis of SAP NetWeaver AS 7.00) and other components. Functionalenhancements for the different software components are made available throughenhancement packages.

SAP NetWeaver AS 7.1x or 7.20 are not used as the technical basis for an SAPECC system. Other SAP NetWeaver components, such as SAP NetWeaver ProcessIntegration (PI) and SAP NetWeaver Composition Environment (CE) require thisSAP NetWeaver AS release level.



Exercise 1: SAP Release Strategy

Exercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise, you will be able to:

Access the SAP release strategy document

Business ExampleYou want to determine the end of extended maintenance for SAP EnhancementPackage 5 for SAP ERP 6.0.

Task: Maintenance InformationUse the SAP Service Marketplace to find the end of Extended Maintenance of SAPenhancement package 5 for SAP ERP 6.0.

Hint: This exercise requires a registered user on the SAP ServiceMarketplace. If you don't have access to your S-user, please skip thisexercise.

1. When does Extended Maintenance for SAP Enhancement Package 5 for SAPERP 6.0 end?



Solution 1: SAP Release Strategy

Task: Maintenance InformationUse the SAP Service Marketplace to find the end of Extended Maintenance of SAPenhancement package 5 for SAP ERP 6.0.

Hint: This exercise requires a registered user on the SAP ServiceMarketplace. If you don't have access to your S-user, please skip thisexercise.

1. When does Extended Maintenance for SAP Enhancement Package 5 for SAPERP 6.0 end?

a) Navigate to SAP Service Marketplace, Quick Link /releasestrategy (URL ishttps://service.sap.com/releasestrategy).

b) Open the document named SAP's Release Strategy for Large Enterprisesfor all Major Releases from 2005 onward to be found under the headingSAP's Release Strategy for Large Enterprises.

c) Within the document, search for SAP ERP. One of the hits will lead you tothe table giving the details for SAP ERP.

Result

Extended Maintenance for SAP Enhancement Package 5 for SAP ERP 6.0 will end31. December 2017.



Lesson Summary





Related Information

SAP Service Marketplace, Quick Links

/releasestrategy

/rampup

/maintenance

/upgrade


Unit Summary TADM10_1

Unit SummaryYou should now be able to:









TADM10_1 Test Your Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

1. SAP guarantees certain maintenance periods for SAP NetWeaver-based products.The mainstream maintenance can be extended by paying increased maintenancefees. For how many years does SAP maintain a product in total, by default?


Test Your Knowledge TADM10_1

Answers

1. SAP guarantees certain maintenance periods for SAP NetWeaver-based products.The mainstream maintenance can be extended by paying increased maintenancefees. For how many years does SAP maintain a product in total, by default?

Answer: The software product is maintained for a maximum of 9 years (7 + 2).


Unit 2Navigation

Unit OverviewIn this unit you learn how to navigate in SAP systems using SAP GUI. You will alsolearn how to personalize the SAP system and get help when you are working in theSAP system.

Unit ObjectivesAfter completing this unit, you will be able to:

Log on to the system successfully

List some variants of the SAP GUI

Log off from the system successfully

Use various methods to start SAP system functions

Create a list of favorites

Use the help functions

Describe the standard menus System and Help.

Use different personalization options in the SAP system

Unit ContentsLesson: Navigation in SAP Systems ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Procedure: Changing the Initial Password ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Procedure: Changing the Changed Password Again.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Procedure: Log off via the Menu Bar .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Exercise 2: Logon and Screen Design ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Lesson: Advanced Navigation in the SAP GUI ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Exercise 3: Calling Functions ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Lesson: Appendix - Personalizing the User Interface... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79


Unit 2: Navigation TADM10_1

Lesson: Navigation in SAP Systems

Lesson OverviewThis lesson provides an overview of the different navigation options in SAP systemsand you will learn basic navigation commands using the SAP GUI for Windows asthe example.





Business ExampleYou want to find out which options are generally available to your users to accessSAP systems.

Different User Interfaces in the SAP EnvironmentSAP Solutions use different types of runtime technology.

Many SAP systems are based on SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP (ASABAP), like SAP ECC, SAP CRM, SAP SCM etc., some SAP systems are based onSAP NetWeaver Application Server Java (AS Java), like SAP NetWeaver Portal,SAP NetWeaver Process Integration, SAP NetWeaver Composition Environmentetc. and some solutions not based on SAP NetWeaver Application Server, like SAPBusiness One, SAP Streamwork (offered as Software as a service - SaaS), SAPCrystal Solution, SAP HANA and many more.

Note: Some SAP systems are based on AS ABAP + Java, for example theSAP Solution Manager.

Depending on what they are used for, these different system types use rather differentuser interfaces.

The following list names some frequently used access technologies, which end usersof these system (so not technicians) use frequently.


TADM10_1 Lesson: Navigation in SAP Systems

Examples of Different Access Technologies

SAP Product Typical Access Technology

SAP ERP (with SAPECC)

SAP GUI for Windows (GUI = Graphical User Interface)or SAP GUI for HTML

SAP NetWeaver BI Browser-based interface (different browsers possible)

SAP BusinessByDesign

Browser-based interface (different browsers possible),Software offered as a service (SaaS)


SAP NetWeaver Business Client

Note: In this course we will focus on SAP NetWeaver and its technology.

Please note that the above list does not cover all SAP products are and that notall possible (!) access technologies are listed in all cases. For example, an SAPECC system can also be accessed by browser or using the SAP GUI for Java; SAPNetWeaver BI is also accessible by SAP GUI for Windows and so on.

The following display will be limited to the most popular access technology, theSAP GUI.

The presentation interface, SAP GUI (Graphical User Interface) enables the user tointeract with SAP systems based on AS ABAP.

SAP GUI implements the graphical user interface using the functions provided bythe relevant presentation environment. SAP GUI is based on the Windows StyleGuide and is available for several platforms, providing the same functions for each.There are different variants of SAP GUI, which can all be operated in the same way,irrespective of the underlying platform.

The following types of SAP GUI are available:

SAP GUI for the Windows environment

SAP GUI for the Java environment

SAP GUI for HTML

Note: In the above list, the official terms of the SAP GUI are used; theseare only available in English. Colloquially, the following terms are usedsynonymously (in the same order): SAP GUI for Windows, SAP GUI for Javaor Java GUI and Web GUI. Please note that these are not the official SAPterms but are used frequently nonetheless.



Caution: The above variants of the SAP GUI are suitable only for workingwith SAP systems based on AS ABAP. SAP GUI for Java offers no accessto SAP systems based on AS Java, its name refers to its implementationtechnology: SAP GUI for Java has been implemented in Java and cantherefore be used on front ends not running a Windows operation system(e.g. Mac OS X or Linux).

SAP applications based on AS Java are accessed using a browser.

SAP GUI for the Windows environment (abbreviated to SAP GUI for Windows) isthe SAP GUI implementation in a Microsoft Windows environment. SAP GUI forWindows is written in C or C++, runs on Windows-based platforms, and supports alltransactions in an SAP system.

The data flow between the presentation layer and the application layer does not consistof prepared screens, but rather of logical, compact information about control elementsand user input (DIAG protocol). The volume of data transferred for each screenchange is generally a few KB. You can therefore also easily connect presentationservers over WANs.

SAP GUI for the Java Environment (abbreviated to: SAP GUI for Java) is written inJava and is the platform-independent implementation of SAP GUI. Like SAP GUI forthe Windows environment, this GUI also uses the DIAG protocol, so the volume ofdata transferred for each screen change is also generally only a few KB and you caneasily connect presentation servers over WANs.

You can either install SAP GUI on the front end, or alternatively you can install it ona terminal server and access it using terminal clients.

SAP GUI for HTML requires the SAP Internet Transaction Server (ITS) that ispart of AS ABAP on the server side and a Web browser on the client side. The SAPITS provides the services needed for creating responses (within the SAP system) inHTML format. Those responses are transferred to the Web Server or Web Clientoutside the SAP system, using the Internet Communication Manager of the AS ABAP.The primary advantage of the SAP GUI for HTML is the simpler installation on thefront-end; a browser installation suffices.

The following figure shows the various alternatives and the flow of communicationwith the ABAP dispatcher / Internet Communication Manager (ICM).



Figure 13: Flavors of SAP GUI

Note: You can find further information on the various SAP GUI alternativesin the following SAP Notes:

SAP Note 66971: Supported SAP GUI platforms

SAP Note 314568: SAP GUI for HTML functionality / Limitations /Sp. Behaviour

SAP Note 146505: SAP GUI for the Java environment (PlatformIndependent GUI)

SAP Note 138869: SAP GUI on Windows Terminal Server (WTS)

Logging on to the SystemMost of the solutions shipped by SAP can be accessed using the SAP GUI (SAPGraphical User Interface). For the sake of simplicity, further descriptions refer to theSAP GUI for the Windows environment.

SAP provides another program for starting the front end: SAP Logon. When you callSAP Logon, it shows a list of SAP systems for which you can start the logon process.This list is taken from a file on the front end file saplogon.ini. This file is usuallycentrally preconfigured and provided for end users.



During logon, SAP Logon also enables logon load distribution using the resourcesavailable for the system selected.

Figure 14: The SAP Logon program

When logging on to an SAP system, you will be prompted to enter the user andpassword, among other things. If you have implemented a Single Sign-On (SSO)solution, you may not need to enter this information. When you log on, you also selecta certain client of the SAP system; this field is usually already filled appropriately.

Hint: A client usually represents a company in an SAP system. This meansthat if an SAP system has several clients, then several companies can berepresented and simultaneously active in that system. The client has acorresponding key field in the tables of the database used by that SAP system.When working in a client, you only have access to business data from thesame client. Clients therefore correspond to independent business entities.

When logging on, you can select a logon language supported by that system. SAPsystems can support a large number of languages, the minimum being English andone other selected language. The number of installed languages determines whichlanguages your system supports.

On the logon screen, you also have the option of using the New password pushbuttonto change your password, at the most once per day.

Your system administrator can add additional text to your logon screen.

To do so, follow the SAP Note 205487: Own text on SAPGui logon screen.

Note: SAP Notes contain detailed information on certain functions orcorrections for known errors in SAP products. You can access SAP Notesthrough, for example, the SAP Service Marketplace on the Internet, using avalid user (S-user) and password: https://service.sap.com/notes.



In the course of one logon session to a system, you can work in several modi(processing windows of an SAP system) simultaneously. Your system administratorcan use a system parameter to define how many modi are permissible for each logonto the SAP system.

For more details please see the SAP Note12466: Logon restrictions in R/3.

Figure 15: The logon screen for an SAP system

The user data in SAP systems is called the user master record. User master recordsare stored in the system by client. This means that you can only log on to clientswhere your user (master record) exists. If your user exists only for client 100, youcan successfully log on to client 100. If you can log on to more than one client, thenyou have more than one user master record - these can allow for different activitiesdepending on the client you log on.

Multiple logons to SAP systems are logged. This is for reasons of both security andlicensing. If the same user logs on more than once, then for each subsequent logon,the system displays a warning message that offers the user the following three options:

Close all existing session(s) and log on again

Keep existing session(s) open, and open an additional session (this is recorded inthe log).

Terminate this logon



The second option can be deactivated centrally and system-wide.

Changing the PasswordUse the initial password assigned to you when you log on to the system for the firsttime. During the first login, you are prompted to save a changed password. Forsecurity reasons it makes sense to change the password occasionally.



Changing the Initial Password

1. Enter your new password twice, whereby you activate both input fields insequence by means of mouse-click or tab button. Please note that numerous rulesregarding the structure of a password can be set up for your system.

Figure 16: Dialog Box for Changing the Password

2. Finally, choose to save your new password.



Changing the Changed Password AgainPrerequisites

Hint: Users can change their password no more than once a day on the initialscreen. In contrast, user administrators with authorization for transactionSU01 can change a user's password as often as they want. Actually, theadministrator can only assign new initial passwords. An initial passwordrequires a change during the next logon of the corresponding user.

Procedure

1. On the logon screen of the SAP system, enter your data and your currentpassword.

2. On the top left, click the New Password pushbutton.

3. Change your password as described above and save your data.

Screen StructureOnce you have logged on successfully, the initial screen of the SAP system appears;this screen is also known as the SAP Easy Access screen.

The SAP Easy Access screen is the default initial screen in SAP systems. The leftside of the screen contains a tree hierarchy of the menus available to you in the SAPsystem; you can use the right side of the screen to display your company logo. Thisgraphic is made available centrally by your system administrator and cannot becustomized by individual users.



Figure 17: SAP Easy Access

You can find a detailed description of how to configure the graphic in SAP Easy Accessunder Extras Administration information (if you have the correct authorization).Please note that the graphic is stored in the system and transported to the front endevery time a user logs on. Although it is transported in compressed form, the graphicshould not exceed 20 KB. You can also prevent the graphic from being displayed byeither choosing the setting Low Speed Connection in the SAP Logon program (seeSAP Note 161053: Using SAPGUI in WAN), or by using Extras Settings in theSAP Easy Access screen.

A typical screen (with some common elements) appears if you choose the Defaults tabpage on System User Profile Own Data. You will then see this screen with thedata for your own user:



Figure 18: Screen Elements in SAP GUI

An SAP user interface can, for example, contain the following simple screen elements:

Command field

Menu bar, system toolbar, title bar, application toolbar, status bar

Check boxes

Radio buttons

Tabs

You can start applications directly by entering their transaction code in the commandfield. The command field can be hidden and unhidden by using the small triangle toright from the command file. You can find the transaction code for an applicationeither in the SAP menu on the SAP Easy Access screen or in the status bar (see below)or in the application itself under System Status.

The menu bar is the top line of any dialog window in the SAP system. The menusshown here depend on which application you are in. These menus may also containcascading menus.



The pushbuttons in the standard toolbar are shown on every SAP screen. If theyare not available in an application, pushbuttons that you cannot use on that screen aredeactivated. If you place the cursor over a pushbutton for a short time, the systemdisplays a flag with the name or function of the pushbutton. If appropriate, thecorresponding function key setting is also displayed.

The title bar gives the name of the function that you are currently using.

The application toolbar shows the pushbuttons available in the application that youare currently in.

The status bar displays information on the current system status, such as warningsand errors. You can also change the display variant to show, for example, thetransaction code of the transaction you are currently in.

Within a field group check boxes allow to select several options at the same time.

With radio buttons you can only select one option within one field group.

Tabs organize several subscreens to improve clarity.

Input fields and pushbuttons are additional screen elements.

Logging off from the SystemYou should log off the system when you have finished your work in the SAP system.You have several options for doing this:



Log off via the Menu Bar

1. In the menu bar, select System Log off.

Hint: Alternatively, click the yellow arrow in the SAP Easy Accessmenu or enter the /nend command in the command field. If severalmodi are open, the yellow arrow only closes the active window. Thedialog field for logging off only appears in the last window.

Caution: The /nex command immediately terminates your logonwithout querying the dialog windows first. All modi of your terminalsession are closed and entries that have not been saved are lost!

2. A Log off Dialog Box appears and tells you that you will lose data that has notbeen saved when you log off.

Figure 19: Log off Dialog Box

3. To log off, choose Yes.

Hint: From the perspective of the Windows operating system, anSAP session is a normal application. Hence, you can also close SAPmodi with the means of the operating system, such as by using the keycombination Alt+F4. When you close the last window of your session,the dialog box is also displayed.



SAP NetWeaver Business ClientSAP NetWeaver Business Client (SAP NWBC) provides a unified look and feel whenworking on SAP systems based on SAP NetWeaver. For example, you can work onSAP NetWeaver Portal systems and on SAP Solution Manager or on SAP ECC, usingan interface of very similar layout. Using SAP NWBC requires some conditions.

Note: The following SAP Notes might prove helpful when you are starting towork with SAP NetWeaver Business Client:

SAP Note 1029940: NetWeaver Business Client requirements andrestrictionsSAP Note 1400383: SAP BP: SAP NWBC 3.0 as of EhP4 for SAPERP 6.0, ABAP ConfigSAP Note 1368177: SAP NWBC v3.0 Release onNW7.00 and NW701

In our training environment you can get access to SAP Solution Manager 7.1 when theconnection settings are correct:

Name: Enter the SID of your training system

URL: Enter the necessary URL for connecting SAP NWBC to your SAPsystem. E.g. http://server.:/sap/bc/nwbc, please note that the string/sap/bc/nwbc depends on the type of system you want to connect to

Type: E.g. ABAP or as needed by the system you want to connect to

Client: client you want to connect to

Language: Language SAP NWBC should try to use for connecting to the SAPsystem (e.g.: EN or DE

SAP GUI Logon description: please see the context help for this field for furtherinformation - usually you won't use this field

Comment: This text will be shown as Description text on the SAP NWBCLogon screen

Caution: Using SAP NWBC successfully in combination with SAP SolutionManager requires that your user in the SAP system has at least one WorkCenter role assigned.



Figure 20: Starting SAP NetWeaver Business Client

After providing correct credentials (logon screen not shown) you are able to work inthe SAP system using the special roles assigned to your user.



Figure 21: Using SAP NetWeaver Business Client



Exercise 2: Logon and Screen Design

Exercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise, you will be able to:

Use the SAP GUI for Windows to logon to the SAP system and navigate

Business ExampleYou want to work in an SAP system.

Task: Logging on to the System and Initial TasksLog on to the training system and carry out some basic exercises in the system. Themenu paths refer to the SAP standard menu.

Hint: Use the logon data provided by your instructor.

1. Start the SAP Logon program and create a new entry according to theinformation given by your instructor. Choose the Logon pushbutton.

Enter the client, user name, initial password, and logon language supplied bythe instructor. When you log on for the first time, enter a new password of yourchoice twice in the window that appears.

2. What is the maximum number of parallel modi (windows of the SAP system)that you can open using System Create Session?

3. What is the name of the function you reach if you choose Tools Administration Monitor System Monitoring User Overview? What transaction codecould you use to call this transaction instead of the menu?



Solution 2: Logon and Screen Design

Task: Logging on to the System and Initial TasksLog on to the training system and carry out some basic exercises in the system. Themenu paths refer to the SAP standard menu.

Hint: Use the logon data provided by your instructor.

1. Start the SAP Logon program and create a new entry according to theinformation given by your instructor. Choose the Logon pushbutton.

Enter the client, user name, initial password, and logon language supplied bythe instructor. When you log on for the first time, enter a new password of yourchoice twice in the window that appears.

a) Follow the instructions in the exercise.

2. What is the maximum number of parallel modi (windows of the SAP system)that you can open using System Create Session?

a) This training system should allow you to open up to 6 modi.

3. What is the name of the function you reach if you choose Tools Administration Monitor System Monitoring User Overview? What transaction codecould you use to call this transaction instead of the menu?

a) The function is called User List (see the entry in the title bar). You canfind the relevant transaction code using System Status; in this case, thecode is SM04.

You can also choose to display the transaction code for an active transactionin the status bar.

Alternatively, you can permanently display the transaction codes in theSAP Easy Access menu. Choose Menu bar Extras Settings andactivate the field Display Technical Names.

A fourth option would be to display the details by choosing Menu Bar Extras Technical details. For this, the corresponding menu entry wouldfirst have to be selected with the mouse.



Lesson Summary





Related Information

For more information, see the following online documentation: Help SAPLibrary Introduction to the SAP System.



Lesson: Advanced Navigation in the SAP GUI

Lesson OverviewIn this lesson you will learn about various ways of calling functions in SAP systemsand how to find help on functions in SAP systems based on AS ABAP.


Use various methods to start SAP system functions

Create a list of favorites

Use the help functions

Describe the standard menus System and Help.

Business ExampleYou want to know how functions can be started in the SAP system and what helpthe system provides you with.

User Menu and SAP MenuThe SAP Access menu is automatically displayed after logging on; it representsthe standard access point to an SAP system for the SAP GUI for Windows. Thenavigation bar in the left part of the screen contains a clear tree structure, consisting ofmenu entries and favorites' entries. You can adjust the favorites' area in particular toyour needs. The entries of the SAP menus and the user menus can only be changed bysystem administrators.


TADM10_1 Lesson: Advanced Navigation in the SAP GUI

Figure 22: Favorites list and user menu

The end user can switch from the role-based user menu to the SAP standard menu(if the system settings allow this).

Hint: System administrators can use table USERS_SSM to determine whetheror not users are allowed to switch between the SAP menu and their usermenus. The availability of the user or SAP menu does not affect a user'sauthorizations. This means that a user can always call authorized functionsusing a transaction code, independent of the menu structure.

The role-based user menu is created on the basis of the role(s) assigned to the userand transferred to the front end. This means that it makes sense to keep roles as smallas possible because large roles could take a long time to transfer to the front end incertain circumstances.



If a user has several roles assigned, then some functions can be repeated in differentparts of the role-based user menu. If you do not want the

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