Taiga or Boreal ForestTaiga or Boreal ForestBy: Ciara Resler, Jordan Stacy, Rebecca Silverstein and Troy By: Ciara Resler, Jordan Stacy, Rebecca Silverstein and Troy GleesonGleeson

A Needleleaf ForestA Needleleaf Forest

Climate: temperature is below freezing for Climate: temperature is below freezing for six months out of the yearsix months out of the year

Summer: 20 to 70° FSummer: 20 to 70° F Mostly warm, rainy and humidMostly warm, rainy and humid

Winter: -54 to -1° FWinter: -54 to -1° F Extremely cold, plenty of snowExtremely cold, plenty of snow

Total precipitation of the year: 30-85 cm. Total precipitation of the year: 30-85 cm.

ClimateClimate

Supports harsh living standards in Supports harsh living standards in most areasmost areas

Some animals can't Some animals can't survive in such cold living survive in such cold living conditionsconditions

                        Ex. animals with furEx. animals with furTrees and other vegetation Trees and other vegetation

have to survive harsh, frigid have to survive harsh, frigid winds and lack of lack of heatwinds and lack of lack of heat

                        Ex. EvergreensEx. Evergreens

Biome LocationBiome Location

Located in North Located in North AmericaAmerica

and Eurasia and Eurasia

Elevation: 1800 ft. Elevation: 1800 ft.

Elevations and Major Elevations and Major LandformsLandforms

-MountainsMountains

--hills-hills

--ponds-ponds

--plains-plains

Environmental Environmental ConcernsConcerns

Many components are hurting the Many components are hurting the Taiga. Fortunately, there are ways to Taiga. Fortunately, there are ways to fix them. fix them.

Human ResourcesHuman Resources

Climate ChangeClimate Change

White SpruceWhite Spruce

• Needles length: 2.5 centimetersNeedles length: 2.5 centimeters

• Color: EvergreenColor: Evergreen

• Height: (average 150 ft.)Height: (average 150 ft.)

• Needles hold moistureNeedles hold moisture

• Hold needles for over 15 yearsHold needles for over 15 years

• Able to survive in moist areasAble to survive in moist areas

Paper BirchPaper Birch

Thin bark Thin bark

Peels horizontalPeels horizontal

Grows in clustersGrows in clusters

Average height 60 to 80 ft.Average height 60 to 80 ft.

Produce scaly spikes that hold flowersProduce scaly spikes that hold flowers

Able to survive from the soilAble to survive from the soil

Jack PineJack Pine

Average height 27 meters Average height 27 meters

Needle Color: reddish brownNeedle Color: reddish brown

Provide nutrients for animalsProvide nutrients for animals

Turns grey as it gets olderTurns grey as it gets older

Wax pine needles and rough bark allow Wax pine needles and rough bark allow survival.survival.

Seeds located and produced inside their Seeds located and produced inside their pinecones (dark brown)pinecones (dark brown)

SpeciesSpecies

Canada:Canada: 85 types of mammals 85 types of mammals 130 types of fish130 types of fish 32,000 types of insects32,000 types of insects BeaversBeavers WolvesWolves Grizzly bearsGrizzly bears

Siberia:Siberia: 300 types of birds300 types of birds

30 types of birds stay for winter30 types of birds stay for winter RavensRavens Golden EaglesGolden Eagles CrossbillsCrossbills

PredatorsPredators

Golden EaglesGolden Eagles Ultimate predator in the sky, can eat almost Ultimate predator in the sky, can eat almost

anything; rodents, larger birds, and deeranything; rodents, larger birds, and deer

Grizzly BearsGrizzly Bears Perfect in their environment; omnivores, eat Perfect in their environment; omnivores, eat

salmon, caribou, and seedssalmon, caribou, and seeds

Predators (continued)Predators (continued)

WolvesWolves Have an abundance of prey, feast on all types of Have an abundance of prey, feast on all types of

rodents; thick furs allow them to survive harsh rodents; thick furs allow them to survive harsh living conditionsliving conditions

RavensRavens can survive the harsh climates and are can survive the harsh climates and are

scavengersscavengers

FoundationFoundation

Crossbills – beaks have adapted, allowing Crossbills – beaks have adapted, allowing them to get seeds from conesthem to get seeds from cones

Deer – provide a great amount of food to the Deer – provide a great amount of food to the other animalsother animals

Foundation (continued)Foundation (continued)

Beavers – help the prey hide from the Beavers – help the prey hide from the predators; their dams allow deep still predators; their dams allow deep still water to provide a barrier; also allows water to provide a barrier; also allows food and building materials to float to food and building materials to float to the surfacethe surface

White-Throated Sparrow – have the most White-Throated Sparrow – have the most difficult job in the forest; main goal is to difficult job in the forest; main goal is to keep the insect population under controlkeep the insect population under control

SourcesSources

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribouhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribouhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taigahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taigahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-throated_Sparrowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-throated_Sparrowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossbillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossbillhttp://www.alaska-in-pictures.com/northern-boreal-forest-http://www.alaska-in-pictures.com/northern-boreal-forest-fire-fireweed-6309-pictures.htmfire-fireweed-6309-pictures.htmhttp://terriffictaiga.blogspot.com/2007/04/taiga-http://terriffictaiga.blogspot.com/2007/04/taiga-landforms.htmllandforms.htmlhttp://www.radford.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSEShttp://www.radford.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES//GEOG235/biomes/taiga/taiga.htmlGEOG235/biomes/taiga/taiga.html