takehiro iizuka. cf has significant and durable effects on target language development (lyster...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IMPLICIT AND
EXPLICIT CF ON THE ACQUISITION OF
JAPANESE PARTICLES Takehiro Iizuka
![Page 2: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK (CF) CF has significant and durable effects on
target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010)
What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??
![Page 3: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
PREVIOUS STUDIES Ellis, Loewen and Erlam (2006) Li (2010)
![Page 4: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
ELLIS ET AL. (2006)
Implicit CF in the
form of recast
Explicit CF in the
form of metalinguistic
explanation
Clear advantage of explicit CF over implicit CF for both the delayed oral imitation and grammaticality judgment posttests
![Page 5: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
LI (2010) - META-ANALYSIS
Explicit CF was more effective than implicit CF on the immediate and short-delayed posttests, but the opposite was true on the long-delayed posttests.
Implicit CF
Explicit CF
![Page 6: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
CONTRADICTION Ellis et al. (2006)
Explicit CF is better for developing implicit knowledge
Li (2010)
Implicit CF is better for developing implicit knowledge
![Page 7: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
TIMING OF POSTTESTImmediate posttests
Delayed posttests
Ellis et al. (2006
)
Li (2010
)
1 day
2 week
s
Immediate posttests
Short-term delayed posttests
Long-term delayed
posttestsless
than 7 days
8-29 days
30 days
or later
???
![Page 8: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
RESEARCH QUESTIONS1. Is implicit oral corrective feedback in
the form of recast more effective in the long run than explicit oral corrective feedback in the form of metalinguistic explanation for building up implicit knowledge of Japanese locative particles?
![Page 9: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
NATURE OF LEARNER PARTICIPATION
T
S
S
SS
S
S
SCF
AddresseeAuditors
IncidentalRecast
![Page 10: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
OHTA (2001) Incidental recasts are available to the
learner by attending to classroom interaction in the role of auditor or overhearer.
Auditors may have greater resources available in working memory than addressees, who may be occupied with formulating a response.
![Page 11: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
HOWEVER… “The target of corrective feedback is more
accurately understood by learners when the feedback is directed to them as opposed to their classmates” (Mackey, Al-Khalil, Atanassova, Hama, Logan-Terry & Nakatsukasa, 2007)
“(The participant) tended not to listen to the conversation when the interaction took place between the teacher and another student during teacher-fronted activity.” (Nabei & Swain, 2002)
![Page 12: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
RESEARCH QUESTIONS2. How much learning occurs to the
learners who directly received each type of feedback?
3. How much learning occurs to the learners who indirectly received each type of feedback?
![Page 13: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
VARIABLES OF THIS STUDY Type of CF: implicit (recast) vs. explicit
(metalinguistic explanation) Nature of learner participation:
addressee (those directly received CF) vs. auditor (those indirectly received CF)
![Page 14: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
PARTICIPANTS JFL students who enrolled in the second
semester beginning course at Texas Tech University (N = 15).
![Page 15: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
TARGET LINGUISTIC FEATURES Japanese locative particles: de and ni;
specifically…a) de: /place noun X/ + de + /predicate of activity Y/ e.g. Toshokan de hon o yomimashita. (I read a book at the library)
b) ni: /place noun X/ + ni + /predicate of motion Y/ e.g. Toshokan ni ikimashita. (I went to the library.)
c) ni: /place noun X/ + ni + /predicate of static, inactive location Y/ e.g. Makudonarudo wa ginkou no tonari ni arimasu. (McDonald’s is next to the bank.)
![Page 16: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
TREATMENT Picture Description Task
Metalinguistic Feedback Group (N = 8) vs.
Recast Group (N = 7)
35 minutes
![Page 17: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
METALINGUISTIC FEEDBACK Output-prompting
Output Hypothesis (Swain, 1985)
The increase of control of partially acquired forms
Prompts are more effective than recasts because they induce learners to self-
correct. (Lyster, 2004)
![Page 18: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
METALINGUISTIC CF EPISODE EXAMPLES13: Mearii-san wa gogo goji de.. goji ni
uchi de [incorrect form] kaerimasu. (Mary goes home at 5 p.m.)
T: Etto, kaeru wa movement desu. (Well, “go” is movement.)
S13: Uchi ni [correct form] kaerimashita. ((She) went home.)
![Page 19: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
RECAST Input-providing
Recasts free attention needed for processing the linguistic contrasts. (Ohta, 2001)
The learning of new forms
Negotiation involving recasts is especially facilitative of
acquisition because they provide learners with both negative and positive evidence. (Long, 2008)
![Page 20: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
RECAST CF EPISODE EXAMPLES6: Uchi de [incorrect form] kaerimashita.
((She) went home.) T: Hai, uchi ni kaerimashita. (Yes, (she) went home.)S6: Uchi ni [correct form] kaerimashita. ((She) went home.)
![Page 21: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
TREATMENT PROCEDURE
![Page 22: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
ASSESSMENT Timed Picture Description Test
(for implicit knowledge) Untimed Grammaticality Judgment Test
(for explicit knowledge)
![Page 25: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
TIMED PICTURE DESCRIPTION TEST 10 target items (6 old items & 4 new
items) 5 distractors
10 seconds for each description
![Page 26: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
UNTIMED GRAMMATICALITY JUDGMENT TEST 5 target items (3 old items & 2 new
items)10 distractors
![Page 27: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
PROCEDURE
pretest(2 days
before T)treatment
immediate posttest
(1 day after T)
delayed posttest(4 weeks after T)
![Page 28: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
RESULTS
![Page 29: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
PRETEST: UNTIMED GRAMMATICALITY JUDGMENT TEST
N = 15
Mean 3
Mode 4
Median 3
Min 1
Max 4
SD 1.13
Key 5
![Page 30: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
PRETEST: TIMED PICTURE DESCRIPTION TESTN = 15
Mean 2.5
Mode 0
Median 2
Min 0
Max 7
SD 2.26
Key 10
![Page 31: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
TREATMENTMetalinguistic
FeedbackGroup (N = 8)
RecastGroup (N = 7)
Number of target CF episodes
16 19
Number of CFE: Activity
6 6
Number of CFE: Movement
3 4
Number of CFE: Static Location
7 9
![Page 32: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
IMMEDIATE POSTTEST: UNTIMED GRAMMATICALITY JUDGMENT TEST
N = 15 (pretest)
Mean 2.7 (3)
Mode 2 (4)
Median 2 (3)
Min 0 (1)
Max 5 (4)
SD 1.53 (1.13)
Key 5
![Page 33: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
IMMEDIATE POSTTEST: TIMED PICTURE DESCRIPTION TEST
Metalinguistic Feedback
Group (N = 8)(pretest)
RecastGroup (N = 7)
(pretest)
Mean 4.13 (2.75) 4.14 (2.28)
Mode 2 (0) 4 (0)
Median 3 (2.5) 4 (2)
Min 0 (0) 0 (0)
Max 10 (7) 8 (5)
SD 3.52 (2.49) 3.02 (2.14)
Key 10 10
![Page 34: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
ADDRESSEE VS. AUDITOR
Addressee Auditor
Total 40%(4/10)
24%(10/41)
Metalinguistic CF 50%(3/6)
28%(7/25)
Recast 25%(1/4)
19%(3/16)
![Page 35: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
DISCUSSION No improvement of explicit knowledge Some gains in implicit knowledge No difference was found between the
two groups (Metalinguistic vs. Recast) Those who directly received CF
(addressees) benefited from the feedback more than those who indirectly received CF (auditors)
![Page 36: Takehiro Iizuka. CF has significant and durable effects on target language development (Lyster & Saito, 2010) What type of CF benefits L2 acquisition??](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d305503460f94a08cbf/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
LIMITATIONS Small number of participants Short length of treatment Small number of test items Test repetition effects