taming the wild apostrophe
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. Taming the Wild Apostrophe. ENGLISH FOR CAREERS , 9th Edition Business, Professional, and Technical by Leila R. Smith Presentation design by Barbara Moran. ,. What is it for?. The apostrophe is a punctuation mark used to indicate possessives (The boy ’ s hat... and contractions - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Taming the Wild Taming the Wild ApostropheApostrophe
Taming the Wild Taming the Wild ApostropheApostrophe
.
ENGLISH FOR CAREERS, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and Technicalby Leila R. SmithPresentation design by Barbara Moran
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The apostrophe is a punctuation mark used to indicate possessives
(The boy’s hat...
and contractions...isn’t on his head.).
In this presentation...In this presentation...
What is it for?What is it for?,,
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
(ahem)(ahem) ...you will learn about... ...you will learn about...
• Miscellaneous uses for apostrophes.Miscellaneous uses for apostrophes.
• Apostrophes in contractions.Apostrophes in contractions.
• The three rules for forming possessives. The three rules for forming possessives.
• The concept of the possessive expression.
((Where do you Where do you putput that little mark?that little mark?))
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Tell me more aboutTell me more aboutpossessive expressions.possessive expressions.
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
A possessive expression shows a relationship between two nouns:
She sailed to Bermuda on her boyfriend’s yacht.
The senator’s wife is a well-known gossip.
I’ve been waiting for hours in the dentist’s office.
Next month you’ll be eligible for two weeks’ vacation.
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The possessive expression can be rephrased using the word OF;
for example,
the wife of the senator,
the office of my dentist.
But the possessive is usually smoother and more concise.
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The placement of the apostrophe depends on whether the first noun, the possessor, is singular or plural.
OK, fine--but where OK, fine--but where dodo you you put that little mark?put that little mark?
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The possessors in these sentences…
She broke the teacher’s nose.I hate my brother’s friends.
You can’t solve this city’s problems.
…are all singular (one teacher, one brother, one city).
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The possessors in these sentences...
Wait for me in the teachers’ lounge.Cohn & Cohn, Inc., is the name of my
brothers’ company.The judge made a dramatic speech on
states’ rights.
…are all plural (several teachers, two brothers, fifty states).
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Remember: whether the Remember: whether the possessive is singular or plural possessive is singular or plural depends on the first of the two depends on the first of the two
nouns--the possessor;nouns--the possessor; notnot on the second noun-- on the second noun--
the possessed!the possessed!the possessed!the possessed!
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
• Is the possessor singular or plural?
Before you place the apostrophe, Before you place the apostrophe, ask yourself:ask yourself:
...then apply one of ...then apply one of these three rules...these three rules...
• If the possessor is plural, does it end in S?
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
1.To make a singularnoun possessive,
add ’s.
Singular possessivesSingular possessives..
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Singular possessivesSingular possessives..
the boy’s dogthe boy’s dog
roof
California’s citizensCalifornia’s citizens
We are the world...
Call me Bob.Karen’s brotherKaren’s brother
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
2.To make a plural noun ending in s possessive,
add an apostrophe after the s.
Plural possessivesPlural possessives..
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
It was It was youryour turn to turn tobring donuts, Wendell. bring donuts, Wendell.
employees’ conferenceemployees’ conference buildings’ lights buildings’ lights friends’ friends’ reunionreunion
Plural possessivesPlural possessives..
How ya been?How ya been?So -so.So -so.
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
3.To make a plural noun
not ending in s possessive,
add ’s.
Plural possessivesPlural possessives..
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Men’s roomMen’s room People’s People’s choicechoice
Women’sWomen’s groupgroup
Plural possessivesPlural possessives..
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
…are words that are shortened by removing one or more letters and replacing them with apostrophes.
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
I’m feeling very old.
I am
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
I’m feeling very old.
I am
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
I’m feeling very old.
I’m
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
cannot
You can’t be serious.
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
cannot
You can’t be serious.
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
can’t
You can’t be serious.
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
That’s the way I feel.
that is
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
That’s the way I feel.
that is
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
That’s the way I feel.
that’s
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
do not
Don’t be so negative.
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
do not
Don’t be so negative.
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458
don’t
Don’t be so negative.
English for Careers, 9th EditionBusiness, Professional, and TechnicalBy Leila R. Smith
©2006 Pearson Education, Inc.Pearson Prentice HallUpper Saddle River, NJ 07458