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Downtown TampaParking Study Findings and ObservationsFebruary 2019
There is available parking.
Finding
Off-Street: 22,000 spacesOn-Street: 1,600 spacesTotal: around 24,000 spaces
City operates: • 1,600 on-street spaces• ~7,500 off-street
spaces
Other large operators include:• 717: ~4,000 spaces• SP+: ~2,200 spaces• County: ~1,600 spaces
Inventory
Typical Morning Utilization
9 AM – 11 AM
Typical Afternoon Utilization
2 PM – 4 PM
Typical Evening Utilization
6 PM – 8 PM
Saturday with Special Events
9 AM – 11 AM
Saturday with Special Events
2 PM – 4 PM
Saturday with Special Events
6 PM – 8 PM
Utilization by Garage/Lot
6,000 spaces availableat the peak time of day
Unused Parking Where People Want It
Some under/near highway (non-event days)
Some core availability in select facilities
Ample availability north of core
Availability off-street near courthouse
Tampa Street office buildings
Unused Parking Where People Want It
Some under/near highway (non-event days)
Some core availability in select facilities
Ample availability north of core
Availability off-street near courthouse
South Regional Garage: Thursday Afternoon
Pricing is not set up to make rational choices.
Finding
AverageMonthlyPricing(Off-Street)
Fort Brooke Garage$1.60/hour
Whiting Street$1.50/hour
Pricing On and Off Street
Transient Pricing
0 1 2 3 4 5Price ($ per hour)
On-S
treet
Off-S
treet
Low
High
Low
High
$1.50
$0.125
$0.75
$4.50
Streets are cheaper than garages
No financial incentive for customers & visitors to park off-street
Long-Term Monthly Pricing
0 1 2 3 4 5Price ($ per day)
Mont
hly
Daily
Equ
ivalen
t
Low
High
Low
High
$139
$19
$0.90
$6.60
Price ($ per month)0 30 60 90 120 150
6
Average break-even point based on construction/financing costs
Average break-even point
Long-Term vs. Transient Pricing
0 1 2 3 4 5Price ($ per hour)
Mont
hly Low
High
Low
High
$139
$19
$0.11
$0.82
Price ($ per month)0 30 60 90 120 150
6
vs. $0.75 (7x higher)
vs. $4.50 (5.5x higher)Hour
ly Eq
uiva
lent
Monthly rates are a fraction of transient rates
Average break-even point
Average break-even point
Pricing has led to a manipulated market.
Finding
AverageMonthlyPricing(Off-Street)
Royal Regional$19
Poe$72
Fort Brooke$86/156
South Regional$86
Twiggs$72/144
Zack$33
Whiting$64/130
Pierce$27
Selmon Lots$30
Wait List‘Density’
Royal Regional85%
Poe43%
Fort Brooke43%
South Regional66%
Twiggs20%
Pierce371%
Selmon Lots96% -209%
Ratio of wait-list customers to permit sales capacity
One type of product dominates this market.
Finding
Parking by supply and peak utilization
Fort BrookeMonthly permits and other special uses
South RegionalHighly driven by
events
PoePrimary facility for
Straz events
Royal RegionalLow-price
monthly permits
Customers have no incentive to ask for anything different.
Finding
Market is set up for monthly permit-access parking
The Downtown office real estate market
continues to compete with Westshore
The status quo won’t let Tampa grow.
Study Observation
Tampa’s Employment Markets
Westshore95,000 - 100,000 jobs
12.5MM SFClass A Rent: $29.75
Class A Occupancy: 94.3%3 – 4 spaces/1000 SF
Downtown Tampa50,000 - 60,000 jobs
6.3MM SFClass A Rent: $28.27
Class A Occupancy: 89.7%1 – 2 spaces/1000 SF
Q1 2017
Tampa’s Employment Markets
Westshore95,000 - 100,000 jobs
12.5MM SFClass A Rent: $32.28
Class A Occupancy: 94.3%3 – 4 spaces/1000 SF
Downtown Tampa50,000 - 60,000 jobs
6.3MM SFClass A Rent: $30.03
Class A Occupancy: 92.3%1 – 2 spaces/1000 SF
Q3 2018
17,000 SF Absorption
170,000 SF Absorption
…and yet, Tampa is growing and maturing.
Study Observation
A 24-hour, 7-day city
New Residential Population
Arts, Culture, Sports, Entertainment
What is Parking Doing to Affordability?
What is Parking Doing to Affordability?
Building parking adds to the cost of residential units and office space.
With so muchavailability, can better management not address this?
What is Parking Doing to Affordability?
The walking problem might have a price solution.
Study Observation
AverageMonthlyPricing(Off-Street)
Royal Regional$19
Poe$72
Fort Brooke$86/156
South Regional$86
Twiggs$72/144
Zack$33
Whiting$64/130
Pierce$27
Selmon Lots$30
Wait List‘Density’
Royal Regional85%
Poe43%
Fort Brooke43%
South Regional66%
Twiggs20%
Pierce371%
Selmon Lots96% -209%
Ratio of wait-list customers to permit capacity
Sample walk distances(Off-Street)
The pricing problem doesn’t point just to price increases.
Study Observation
Fort Brooke GarageSHOULD BE THE LOWER PRICE
Whiting StreetSHOULD BE THE HIGHER PRICE
Pricing On and Off Street
This involves everyone– in public AND private sectors.
Study Observation
A Three-Phase Process to Balance the Parking System
TDP: Well positioned to build stakeholder support, make a business case, and track parking needs
City: The administrator/operator of the largest share of parking in the system
Private Operators: The balance of the system, with smaller facilities but more downtown coverage
Other cities have taken different approaches to similar challenges.
Learning from Peers
ANN ARBOR APPROACH: PPP MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC PARKING
• Sets public pricing• Enforces• Manages Residential
Permit Program (RPP)
• Coordinates parking availability, location and price
• Issues monthly passes, validations, parking cards
• Maintains meters
City of Ann Arbor
Downtown Development
Authority
Republic Parking System
Overall Management Parking Logistics Human Interface
Public Private Partnership
ANN ARBOR WHAT COULD THIS MODEL LOOK LIKE IN TAMPA?
• Sets public pricing• Enforces• Manages Residential
Permit Program (RPP)
• Coordinates parking availability, location and price
• Passes through sales• Helps to negotiate
arrangements
• Offer sales based on market demand/TDP requests
• Work on pricingadjustment for special purposes
City of Tampa
Tampa Downtown Partnership
Tampa’s Private
Operators
Parking + Transportation Coordination + Logistics Bulk of the System
Public Private Partnership
ANN ARBOR APPROACH: PPP MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC PARKING
KEY PROGRAM SUCCESSES• Express commuter shuttles• Sidewalk improvements• Bike lanes + bike racks• Zip car subsidies
DDA Online menu of transportation choices
• Pedestrian signals• Transit passes subsidized for
downtown employees• Shared parking with key sites,
including downtown high school
INDIANAPOLIS APPROACH: PPP-MANAGED PRIVATE PARKING
Indy-based Private
Corporation
Indy-based Private
Corporation
Minority-owned Parking
Company
Woman-owned Parking
Company
City of Indianapolis
PARK INDY, LLC
+
• Maintains control + flexibility in key areas of economic development, public policy, and rate structures
• Bears all expenses + financial risk
$20m up-front investment
INDIANAPOLIS APPROACH: PPP-MANAGED PRIVATE PARKING
KEY PROGRAM SUCCESSES• Investment spent on
infrastructure improvements • Modernized parking
technology• Revenue sharing structure is
estimated to net the City up to $620m over life of contract
• 200 new jobs in the city (non-parking related) created by one of the companies to boost local economy
NEW HAVEN APPROACH: MANY EFFORTS = COLLECTIVE IMPACT
• Performance-based parking pricing pilot completed
• PPP bike-share program• Obtain foreclosed property to add
parking spaces• Express transit route proposed
Performance-based parking pilot recommended zones
ACHIEVEMENTS
SACRAMENTO APPROACH: CERTIFIED PARTNERS PROGRAM
CPP includes:
CITY OF SACRAMENTO
65 Lots citywide
20kParking spaces
(75% in central city)
6k Parking spaces in
lots/garages
8Garages and lots in
the central city
City owns/operates:
SACRAMENTO APPROACH: CERTIFIED PARTNERS PROGRAM
KEY PROGRAM SUCCESSES• Parking supply meets special event
demand but diffused over larger area (helps traffic management)
• Program is growing- Pay-to-park facilities- Private land uses with free parking for users
- Increased menu of parking options
SacPark Meter Phasing Plan
SACRAMENTO APPROACH: CERTIFIED PARTNERS PROGRAM
PARKING DISCOUNT PROGRAM OPTIONS• Electric Vehicle special monthly permit rates• Discounted Employee Parking Program (DEPP)• Alternative Mode Commuter Option (AMCO)
discount pass• Carpool parking reduced rate in select garages• Bicycle Parking Program• Merchant validation program
Parking Management and Services Program• Sells parking on behalf of others
• Keeps rates competitive
• Provides options to customer
• Ease of use for customer
• Maintain relationship with partners
Clients: mixed use residential parking, office, recreational facilities, etc.
SACRAMENTO APPROACH: CERTIFIED PARTNERS PROGRAM
TEMPE APPROACH: PRIVATE + NON-PROFIT PARKING MANAGEMENT
• Manage meters + contract with private operator
Downtown Tempe
Authority
Central Parking
Authority+
• Manage 18,000 parking spaces
Private property assessment ($1.5m p/a)Annual management fee ($400k) $ Money goes to private
property owners and City Money goes to City general fund to re-invest downtown
REVENUE
TEMPE APPROACH: PRIVATE + NON-PROFIT PARKING MANAGEMENT
KEY PROGRAM SUCCESS• Economic boost in past 6 years
- ASU projects- Whole Foods- 2 new hotels- 2,500 residential units- 3.1 M class A office space
• Free ADA parking in designated on-street, metered areas
• Park Mobile app• Bike share and first Arizona
bicycle commuter facility
Parking Division• Offers private inclusion in public system• Provides tiered ala carte services• Revenue sharing success –
more landowners buying in to program every year(Now 15 facilities with a large hospital garage joining)
Parking / Revenue Sharing Levels• Enforcement Only / In-Kind Services (e.g. security)• Permit Parking / All Net Above Cost
(plus signing, minor maintenance)• Hourly Parking / Negotiated Split
(plus payment equipment, lighting)
FORT LAUDERDALE APPROACH: PUBLIC MANAGES PRIVATE LOTS
Ann Arbor, MI
Old Pasadena, CA
Parking Benefit District