taping for plantar fasciitis
DESCRIPTION
Plantar Fasciitis: Statistics Most common cause of foot pain Accounts for 11-15% of all foot pathologies in adults Heel spur MYTH Risk Factors: Excessive foot pronation Excessive running/ activity High arch Leg length discrepancy Obesity/ sedentary Prolonged standing/ walking occupations Decreased ankle ROM Achilles tendon tightness/ foot intrinsic muscle tightness Occurs in approximately 2 million Americans each year particularly individuals between the ages of 40 and 60 years old. Although some individuals with plantar fasciitis have heel spurs, spurs are NOT typically the cause of plantar fascia pain. 1 out of 10 individuals have heel spurs, but only 1/20 (or 5%) w/ heel spurs have foot pain or plantar fascia pain.TRANSCRIPT
Taping for Plantar Fasciitis
SENTARA IN-SERVICE: 6/18/2015 KAYLEA KIRVEN, SPT Plantar Fasciitis:
Statistics
Most common cause of foot pain Accounts for 11-15% of all foot
pathologies in adults Heel spur MYTH Risk Factors: Excessive foot
pronation Excessive running/ activity High arch Leg length
discrepancy Obesity/ sedentary Prolonged standing/ walking
occupations Decreased ankle ROM Achilles tendon tightness/ foot
intrinsic muscle tightness Occurs in approximately 2 million
Americans each year particularly individuals between the ages of 40
and 60 years old. Although some individuals with plantar fasciitis
have heel spurs, spurs are NOT typically the cause of plantar
fascia pain. 1 out of 10 individuals have heel spurs, but only 1/20
(or 5%) w/ heel spurs have foot pain or plantar fascia pain.
Therapeutic Taping Purpose: Most Common Types of Heel Taping:
Pain Reduction Joint Support / Arch Tension Reduction External
splint that indirectly supports arch Proprioceptive Feedback Muscle
Tone Normalization Most Common Types of Heel Taping: Low-dye Taping
(LDT) Calcaneal Taping Windlass Taping Most common types of heel
taping found in the current literature: Reducing tension in arch
Taping for Plantar FasciitisRoman Podolsky & Leonid Kalichman
(2015) Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Purpose:
To investigate the efficacy of different taping techniques in
relieving sxs & dysfunction caused by plantar fasciitis
Databases: PubMed, CINAHL, PEDro, ISI, Web of Science, Google
Scholar Design: 5 RCT, 2 cross-over studies, 1 repeated measures
study Sham Taping or Plantar Fascia Stretching Plantar Fasciitis
Taping
Landrof et al. Radford et al. Hyland et al. Vishal et al. Pain
Duration: 0.9 yrs 0.83 yrs Not given >0.08 yrs Intervention: LDT
+ Sham US 3 x/ 3 wks Control: Sham US LDT 1 wk No taping Calcaneal
Taping Sham Taping or Plantar Fascia Stretching Intervention1 :
Intervention 2: Plantar Fasciitis Taping Combined intervention
favored VAS, Patient Satisfaction (20% greater) LDT significantly
first step pain at 1 wk Calcaneal Taping significantly pain (VAS)
at 1 wk Intervention 1 & 2 showed statistically significant
improvement in pain score & FFI VAS scores when walking &
jogging VAS scores following LDT
El Salam et al. Van Lunen Ha et al. Jamali et al. Pain Duration:
>0.08 yrs Not given Intervention 1: LDT 9 sess/3 wks
Intervention 2: Medial Arch Support 9 sess/ 3 wks Heel-pain
orthosis Intervention: Windlass Taping Interv. 1 & 2: p! fxn
Post-VAS & Post-FDPS more in MAS group VAS scores when walking
& jogging VAS scores following LDT VAS scores at 24 hrs. No
biomechanical explanation for use Rob The windlass taping technique
was utilized in only a single-group repeated measures study on 20
subjects w/ PF Uses a low-dye tape with active hallux dorsiflexion
and eversion of the forefoot to stabilize the first ray 19/20
reported a decrease in pain post-taping Discussion: Various taping
techniques for relieving plantar fasciitis pain in the short-term
[24 hrs 3 weeks] In acute or chronic stages In lieu of or prior to
use of orthotics Most common (5/8 studies) = LDT Goal: To decrease
medial heel pressure by lifting the navicular bone 2nd most common
(2/8 studies) = Calcaneal Taping Goal: To invert calcaneus so it is
closer to neutral alignment Increasing medial longitudinal arch
height All taping techniques aimed at correction foot biomechanics
similar to foot orthotics but the advantage of tape is its
availability & adjustability in accordance to pts anatomy &
symptom changes. Taping can be applied in the acute LDT vs.
Calcaneal Taping: LDT: aimed at providing extra support to medial
longitudinal arch (midfoot focus) Calcaneal taping: aimed at
repositioning calcaneal alignment closer to neutral , thus
increasing MLA height, thus reducing stress & subsequent micro
traumas to the plantar fascia (rearfoot focus) 4 pieces of tape RCT
of Calcaneal Taping, Sham Taping, and Plantar Fascia Stretching for
Short-Term Management of Plantar Heel Pain Hyland et al. (2006)
JOSPT Purpose: To determine if calcaneal taping will provide a
greater in p! & a greater in functional activity when compared
to plantar fascia stretching, sham taping, & no treatment
Inclusion Criteria: 18 65 yrs old > 3/10 first step pain in AM
P! located at heel or plantar surface of midfoot (Consistent w/
plantar fasciitis) Everted calcaneus > 2 Exclusion Criteria:
Previous surgery or tx for plantar fasciitis in previous 6 mo or
during study period Hx of foot or ankle fracture Congenital
deformity of foot or ankle LE spasticity Assistive device for
ambulation Methods: Randomly Assigned to 1 of 4 groups
Duration: 1 week (VAS, PSFS) Maintain usual activity level No
termination of activity No initiation of new activity Group 1:
Stretching Group 3: Control(NT) Group 2: Calcaneal Taping Group 4:
Sham Taping Passive stretching of plantar flexors & plantar
fascia (day 1, and either day 3 or 4) Stretched soleus w/ knee
flexed Stretched gastroc w/ knee extended Stretch applied to great
toe to incorporate stretch to plantar fascia = 3 x 30 sec hold in
clinic; Not to be performed at home Group 1: Stretching Passive
stretching of plantar flexors & plantar fascia (Day 1 &
either Day 3 or 4) Soleus m. Gastrocnemius m. Great Toe 3 x 30 sec
in clinic ;NOT to be performed at home Passive stretching of
plantar flexors & plantar fascia (day 1, and either day 3 or 4)
Stretched soleus w/ knee flexed Stretched gastroc w/ knee extended
Stretch applied to great toe to incorporate stretch to plantar
fascia = 3 x 30 sec hold in clinic; Not to be performed at home
Group 2: Calcaneal Taping
Rear-foot Focus Goal: To invert heel to raise medial longitudinal
arch 4 pieces of tape: Easier application Faster application Less
expensive than techniques using larger quantities of tape Group 3:
Control/ No Treatment
Measured at baseline Measured at 1 wk w/ no treatment provided
Group 4: Sham Taping Cover-Roll & Leukotape overlaid on
skin
NO medially-directed force applied to tape during application
Results: Stretching frequency may have been insufficient to get or
expect greater results; Patients instructed not to replicate at
home Slight reduction in VAS p! in sham taping group May be due to
proprioceptive feedback from the tape (placebo effect) Results:
Within 2 treatment sessions:
Calcaneal taping resulted in a significantly greater reduction in
VAS p! than stretching, sham taping, or no treatment Limitations:
Stretching frequency Small sample size Long-term benefits of
taping? Chronicity on p! reduction Is there continued reduction in
symptoms with taping? Does taping remain more effective than
stretching over time? Duration of symptoms not obtained, so the
effect of chronicity on pain reduction was not examined Take-Home
Message Taping provides immediate plantar heel p! relief
Taping to be used as a short-term bridge between other long-term
therapies Taping addresses both pain relief & poor foot
biomechanics Unlike US, laser, ionto, cryotherapy taping addreses
Demonstrations/ Links for Instructions
Low-Dye Taping:
Apta.org/APTAMedia/Handouts/PT2012/selectmanagement_McPoil_1.pdf
[Pg. 3]
https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x158dtx_plantar-fasciitis-taping_news
Demonstrations/ Links for Instructions
Calcaneal Taping: Windlass Taping: [Pg ] Calcaneal taping: Pg 4
Windlass taping: Pg 7-8 References: Hyland MR, Webber-Gaffney A,
Cohen L, Lichtman PT. Randomized controlled trial of calcaneal
taping, sham taping, and plantar fascia stretching for the
short-term management of plantar heel pain.J Orthop Sports Phys
Ther. 2006;36(6):364371. James D. Goff, Roert Crawford, Summa
Health System, Akron, Ohio Am Fam Physician.2011Sep15;84(6):
Landorf K, Menz H. Plantar heel pain and fasciitis. Clin Evid.
(Online) 2008; 2008: 1111. References: Radford JA, Landorf KB,
Buchbinder R, Cook C. Effectiveness of low-Dye taping for the
short-term treatment of plantar heel pain: a randomised trial.BMC
Musculoskelet Disord. 2006;7:64. Riddle DL, Pulisic M, Pidcoe P,
Johnson RE. Risk factors for plantar fasciitis: A mached case
control study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003: 85-A: Roman Podolsky and
Leonid Kalichman. Taping for plantar fasciitis: Review article.
Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. 2015;
28:1-6