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WASHINGTON — A few daysafter Senator Susan Collins casther votes to acquit President BillClinton, as she was greeted withicy stares at a Lincoln Day dinnerin rural Maine, a fellow Republi-can approached her, irate.

“I can’t believe you let him offthe hook,” he told Ms. Collins. “Iam never, ever voting for youagain.”

Twenty-one years later, shefaces another presidential im-peachment vote with heavy con-sequences for the nation and herown political survival. Ms. Collins,one of a handful of moderate Re-publicans whose votes could alterthe trajectory of the trial, said shedoes not regret her votes to acquitthen.

She said she would use thesame logic behind that decisionwhen she weighs the impeach-ment charges against PresidentTrump in a Senate trial that be-gins in earnest this week.

“I, too, was furious at PresidentClinton and felt that he had liedunder oath, but it didn’t reach theconstitutional test of high crimesand misdemeanors, and was notsufficient to overturn an electionand throw him out of office,” shesaid in an interview on Thursdayin her Capitol Hill office.

In the case of Mr. Trump, shesaid, she would be “applying thatsame standard.”

Ms. Collins’s position as a cen-trist gives her outsize influenceover the shape of Mr. Trump’strial, including whether new wit-

nesses and evidence will be heard,just as it has in some of the mostimportant and impassioned de-bates during her four terms in theSenate. But that middle ground isshrinking in the Trump era, leav-ing her open to bitter attack fromboth political parties.

She was among three Republi-cans who sank Mr. Trump’s at-tempts to repeal the AffordableCare Act, and she helped lead anunsuccessful effort to prevent himfrom taking unallocated moneyfor his border wall. But she alsovoted for a tax bill that was thecenterpiece of the Republicanagenda. And the move that over-shadowed all that was her decid-ing vote to confirm Justice Brett

Up for 5th Senate Term, CollinsWalks Impeachment Tightrope

By JENNIFER STEINHAUER

Continued on Page 15

Senator Susan Collins said shewould use the “same standard”she followed in the 1999 trial.

DAVID HUME KENNERLY/GETTY IMAGES

ALEPPO, Syria — The womenof eastern Aleppo were rarely visi-ble before the war, but now theyshape the bitter peace. In the poor,conservative districts of Syria’sancient commercial capital, manywomen seldom used to leave thehouse, and only with their hus-bands if they did; the men not onlywon the bread, but also went out tobuy it.

Then came the civil war.Eight years and counting of

bloodshed have condemned ageneration of Syrian men to theirdeaths, to prison or to precariouslives as refugees. Now, with mostof the country once again undergovernment control, yet rupturedbeyond recognition, moving for-ward is up to the women left be-hind: part survivors, part mourn-ers, part mop-up crew.

Grandmothers are raising or-phaned grandchildren. Singlewomen worry they will never findhusbands. Widows are supportingfamilies gutted by losses that onceseemed unendurable, and that the

world now treats as routine.In many cases, women are leav-

ing the house on their own andworking for the first time, oldcustoms succumbing to the ex-tremities of war and an economyin collapse — nothing new in largecities like Damascus, the capital,but a swift transformation forsome of the more traditional cor-ners of this socially and reli-giously conservative country.

“Before, women were afraid ofeverything,” said Fatima Rawass,32, who opened a beauty salon for

Finding Freedom in a Syria of Ever Fewer MenBy VIVIAN YEE

and HWAIDA SAAD

A small clothing factory that was flooded by calls from widows seeking work in Aleppo, Syria.MERIDITH KOHUT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

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NEWNAN, Ga. — It was the Saturday af-ternoon that this small Southern city hadbeen dreading. A group of neo-Nazis prom-ised to hold a rally in downtown Newnan tocelebrate Adolf Hitler’s birthday and railagainst illegal immigration and the removalof Confederate monuments.

Newnan had prided itself on its quietcharm. It offered small-town living just 40miles southwest of Atlanta and had earnedthe nickname “City of Homes” for its antebel-lum architecture. Now, on a spring day inApril 2018, a neo-Nazi group had assembledin a park near the courthouse, the leader hav-ing said the group preferred to hold rallies in

predominantly white towns.But it turned out that only a few dozen

white nationalists attended the rally, and theNewnan they had imagined no longer ex-isted. Its population had more than doubled inless than 20 years, drawing an increasinglydiverse collection of newcomers. Newnanwas changing and many in the communitywanted to embrace that change more openly.A year after the white nationalist rally, thetown made an effort to do so by putting up 17large-scale banner portraits, images of the or-

dinary people who make up Newnan.They hang from the perches of brick build-

ings around downtown. There’s Helen Berry,an African-American woman who for yearsworked at a sewing factory. Wiley Driver, awhite worker who folded and packed blan-kets at a local mill before his death in 2017. Ji-neet Blanco, a waitress who arrived in New-nan carrying her Mexican traditions anddreams. And then there were the Shah sis-ters.

A portrait of Aatika and Zahraw Shah wear-ing hijabs was displayed on the side of anempty building in downtown Newnan. Thesisters were born in Georgia and had lived inNewnan since 2012, after they moved from

Art Forces a Small Southern City to Rethink Its ImageBy AUDRA D. S. BURCH

A picture of Ariel McCullough is one of the banners in “Seeing Newnan,” an art installation that upended the Georgia community.WILLIAM WIDMER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

IMPERFECT UNION

Rattled by Portraits of 19 Residents

Continued on Page 18

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A rare visit finds the people of the an-cient town of Yarkand, a cultural cradlefor Uighur Muslims, resilient in the faceof mass detentions. PAGE 6

INTERNATIONAL 4-11

Enduring China’s CrackdownInstagram’s chief executive wants tokeep the platform a safe, special space.That means learning from the mistakesof its parent company, Facebook. PAGE 1

SUNDAY BUSINESS

Unliking All Those ‘Likes’ Michelle Alexander PAGE 1

SUNDAY REVIEW

WINDSOR, England — PrinceHarry and his wife, Meghan, willstop using their loftiest royal ti-tles, give up state funding and re-pay at least $3 million in taxpayermoney used to refurbish their offi-cial residence at Windsor Castleunder an agreement announcedby Buckingham Palace on Satur-day.

The unusual deal, negotiated byaides to Queen Elizabeth II,Prince Harry and other seniorfamily members, is intended toend a crisis that erupted 10 daysago when the couple abruptly an-nounced plans to step back fromtheir royal duties and spend partof each year in North America.

However civil, the agreementcodifies one of the most dramaticruptures within the British royalfamily since King Edward VIII ab-dicated the throne in 1936 tomarry an American woman, Wal-lis Simpson. It is a spectacle thathas enthralled and divided Brit-ain, overshadowing even thecountry’s impending departurefrom the European Union, and hasprovoked conversations aroundthe world about race, privilegeand tradition.

The couple plan to spend a ma-jority of their time outside Britain,initially in Canada but later likelyin the United States as well, ac-cording to officials at the palace.They will continue to carry outlimited duties on behalf of the

Royal CoupleTo Cede Titles

In Family RiftBy MARK LANDLER

Continued on Page 4

Until recently, Hoan Ton-That’sgreatest hits included an obscureiPhone game and an app that letpeople put Donald Trump’s dis-tinctive yellow hair on their ownphotos.

Then Mr. Ton-That — an Aus-tralian techie and onetime model— did something momentous: Heinvented a tool that could end yourability to walk down the streetanonymously, and provided it tohundreds of law enforcementagencies, ranging from local copsin Florida to the F.B.I. and the De-partment of Homeland Security.

His tiny company, ClearviewAI, devised a groundbreaking fa-cial recognition app. You take apicture of a person, upload it andget to see public photos of thatperson, along with links to wherethose photos appeared. The sys-tem — whose backbone is a data-base of more than three billion im-ages that Clearview claims tohave scraped from Facebook,YouTube, Venmo and millions ofother websites — goes far beyondanything ever constructed by theUnited States government or Sili-con Valley giants.

Federal and state law enforce-ment officers said that while theyhad only limited knowledge ofhow Clearview works and who isbehind it, they had used its app tohelp solve shoplifting, identitytheft, credit card fraud, murderand child sexual exploitationcases.

Until now, technology that read-ily identifies everyone based onhis or her face has been taboo be-cause of its radical erosion of pri-vacy. Tech companies capable of

Face Scan AppInches TowardEnd of Privacy

Using 3 Billion Photosto Identify Anyone

By KASHMIR HILL

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WASHINGTON — PresidentTrump’s legal defense team stren-uously denied on Saturday that hehad committed impeachable acts,denouncing the charges againsthim as a “brazen and unlawful” at-tempt to cost him re-election asHouse Democrats laid out in me-ticulous detail their case that heshould be removed from office.

In the first legal filings for theSenate impeachment trial thatopens in earnest on Tuesday, thedueling arguments from theWhite House and the House im-peachment managers previeweda politically charged fight over Mr.Trump’s fate, unfolding againstthe backdrop of the presidentialelection campaign.

They presented the legal strat-egies both sides are likely to em-ploy during the third presidentialimpeachment trial in Americanhistory. They also vividly illustrat-ed how the proceeding is almostcertain to rekindle feuding overthe 2016 election that has barelysubsided during Mr. Trump’s ten-ure, and reverberate — whetherhe is convicted or acquitted — inan even more brutal electoralfight in November.

In a 46-page trial memoran-dum, and additional 60-pagestatement of facts, the House im-peachment managers assertedthat beginning in the spring, Mr.

TRUMP’S LAWYERSDISMISS CHARGESAS ‘BRAZEN’ PLOT

A DEFIANT 6-PAGE FILING

Democratic Memo CallsActions the ‘Framers’

Worst Nightmare’

By MICHAEL D. SHEARand NICHOLAS FANDOS

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Late Edition

VOL. CLXIX . . No. 58,577 © 2020 The New York Times Company NEW YORK, SUNDAY, JANUARY 19, 2020

“‘Once Upon A Time...in Hollywood’ is notgoing anywhere. It will stand as a sourceof delight for as long as we care about movies.

And it wants us to care.”A.O. SCOTT

WRITTEN AND DIRECTED BY

QUENTIN TARANTINO

I N C L U D I N G

academy award®

nominations

BEST PICTURE10

The trial of a former commander of thenaval base put a spotlight on life at thesecretive outpost best known for itsterrorist court and prison. PAGE 21

NATIONAL 12-23

A Guantánamo Bay MysteryIn the movement’s fourth year, partici-pants say that President Trump’s poli-cies cannot be separated from the mat-ters they are protesting. PAGE 23

Message at the Women’s March

Today, partial sunshine, windy, high41. Tonight, partly cloudy, breezy,turning colder, low 22. Tomorrow,mostly sunny, breezy, a colder day,high 32. Weather map, Page 20.

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