Tariq Mahmood2008-ag-1586

FERTILIZER and ORGANIC AMENDMENT

What we discuss? Introduction and Definition Brief history Why we use it? Organic amendments Soil condition of Pakistan Need of fertilizers Different synthetic fertilizers in Pakistan Different organic fertilizers in Pakistan What we do?

IntroductionThe term fertilizer refers to any substance, which supply one or more of the mineral element essential for plant growth.

DefinitionFertilizer is any organic or inorganic material of natural or synthetic origin that is added to a soil to supply one or more plant nutrients essential to the growth of plants.

Organic fertilizerInorganic fertilizer

Conti…

A recent assessment found that about 40 to 60% of crop yields are attributable to commercial fertilizer use.

HistoryIn Neolithic (New Stone Age, beginning about 9500 BC)man probably used fertilizers. The first fertilizer produced by chemical processes was ordinary super phosphate made early in the 19th century.

Conti…The Potash fertilizer industry started in Germany in 1861.

The first synthetic Nitrogen fertilizer was calcium nitrate, made in 1903

The synthetic ammonia available after 1913

Why we use fertilizer?Agricultural scientist Carl Sprengel

200 years ago

Plants need sunlight water minerals

Conti…

In 1828, 12 nutrients

So, we use fertilizers for

Good yieldReplace the nutrientsFertility status of soils

Organic amendmentAmendment means An improved change made to a previous status

soil amendment

Two broad categories organic inorganic.

Conti…

Organic amendments come from something that is or was alive. e.g. straw, compost, manure.

Inorganic amendments, are either mined or man-made. e.g. tire chunks, gravel and sand.

Conti…Organic amendments increase soil organic matter content and offer many benefits. Soil aeration, water infiltration, water and nutrient-holding capacity.

Organic matter also is an important energy source for bacteria, fungi and earthworms that live in the soil.

Soil condition (www.pakissan.com)

In Pakistan, the soils are very poor in organic matter.

A soil having 1.29 % C is considered to be sufficient in organic matter, it is reported that the range of soil carbon in Pakistan soils is 0.52 to 1.38% in different soil series. Most of them have less than 1%.

Reasons Parent material and Climatic

Conditions

Intensive Tillage

Inorganic farming

Improper Use of synthetic Fertilizers

Need Increased Population

Food problems

Small land holdings

Increase yield

Fertility status

Conti…Now a days

More use of synthetic fertilizer, demerits

Less use of organic fertilizer, merits

Synthetic fertilizer (www.engro.com)

Engro urea 46% N

pH value of 6.8

Conti…Engro DAP 46% P2O5 18 % N More than 90 % of Phosphorus is soluble pH value of 7.33

Conti…Engro Zorawar is one of the

highest grade phosphatic fertilizers52% P205 11% N 2% sulphur 1% calciumacidic in reaction {pH = 3.5}

Conti…Zarkhez homogenously granulated fertilizer 08% N23% P2O518% K

Conti…Zingro (Danedar), Zingro is a zinc

fertilizer It is 99.9 % soluble In water.

Chemically it is a zinc sulphate Minimum 33% zinc

Organic fertilizer

Farmyard manurePoultry manureCrop residuesGreen manureSlaughter house wasteCompostBiogas compost

Conclusion Our Responsibility is:

Awareness among farmersYield Enhancement in relation to

fertilizerBalance use of fertilizerOrganic farming

ForBeingWith Me

During My Presentation