tation aarhus university agriculture and nature panel stockholm 2011 nick hutchings, barbara amon...
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TATION
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
Agriculture and Nature PanelStockholm 2011
Nick Hutchings, Barbara Amon and Rainer Steinbrecher
1
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
Agriculture and Nature Panel agenda
Workplan 2010-2011 (Nick) Status NMVOC emissions Status NH3 emissions from mineral fertilisers NH3 emissions from biogas plants
Revisit NH3 emissions from crops (Nick) Information on other relevant activities (Barbara)
Overview on the DireDate project Overview on TFRN / EPMAN activities Implied emission factor project New manure management survey in Switzerland
Workplan 2011-2012 (Nick)
2
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
Workplan 2010-2011
Review of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) emissions from manure management systems (4B).
Review of ammonia emissions from fertilisers (4D).Update information on NMVOC emissions from natural vegetation
Develop methodology for ammonia emissions from biogas facilities (4B)
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
NMVOC emissions from manure management - background
Organicmatter
Small organiccompounds
Methane +Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide
Anaerobic
Aerobic
fastslow
fast
NMVOC
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
NMVOC emissions from manure management - background
Emission is likely to depend on:Climate (particularly temperature)Storage conditions (e.g. access of air)Duration of storage
Storage can be in animal housing or slurry tank etc
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
NMVOC emissions from manure management - background
Guidebook recognizes existence of emissions but provides no methodology
Previous attempt – unrealistically high emission factors
Were aware of ongoing measurement program in the USA
Postponed decision until this year
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
NMVOC emissions from manure management – current status
Measurements in US are completed but not available
Unclear when they will be availableSuggest adopting the current US methodology until better data become availableBased on assumption that NMVOC emissions are related
to methane emissions
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
NMVOC emissions from manure management
VS = volatile solidsB0 = methane production potential
EF = emission factor
NMVOC = VSexcreted x B0 x 0.67 x EF
US EF = 1%
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
NMVOC emissions from manure management
VS = volatile solidsB0 = methane production potential
EF = emission factorMCF = methane conversion factor
NMVOC = VSexcreted x B0 x 0.67 x MCF x EF
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
NMVOC emissions from manure management
NMVOC emission becomes a function of methane emission
How do we determine the emission factor?
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
NMVOC emissions from manure management – coming soon?
Different NMVOCs contribute to varying extents to ground-level ozone pollution
Lack of knowledge of emissions of specific NMVOCs from manure management
Advancement in measurement methodsNew knowledge soon?New sources?
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
Frank MitloehnerUniversity of California, Davis
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
NMVOC emissions from manure management - options
Use the US approachUse the US approach + MCFWait until next year to decide
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
Ammonia emission from fertilisers
Current section is out of dateNo progress to report Insufficient resources
Suggest carrying item over to Work Plan 2011-2012
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
Emissions from biogas production
Increasing biogas productionOriginally a means to manage animal manureIncreasingly used to generate biogas from energy crops
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
Emissions from biogas production
Methane, nitrous oxide, NMVOC, ammonia, nitric oxideMethane and nitrous oxide - IPCC Include nitrous oxide in Guidebook method – maintain nitrogen
budget
Adapt Tier 2 4B methodologyHow to partition emissions between NFR codes?Builds on work presented in Cyprus last year
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
LivestockAnimalhousing
Fields
AnimalFeed (N)
NH3
Emissions of N frommanure managementexcluding biogasproduction
NH3, NON2O, N2
Manurestorage
NH3, NON2O, N2
xgraz
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
LivestockAnimalhousing
Biogasreactor
Digestatestorage
Fields
Supplementaryfeedstock (N)
AnimalFeed (N)
NyOx
NH3
Emissions of N frommanure managementincluding biogasproduction
NH3, NON2O, N2
NH3, NON2O, N2
Incineration
Digestatestorage
NH3, NO
Manurestorage
NH3, NON2O, N2
xgraz
Biogas exportPower generation
NyOx
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
Partitioning emissions to NFR codes
At what stage do emissions stop being attributable to agriculture?
Agricultural products used for a variety of purposesFood productionEnergy production (e.g. use of straw for heat and power
production)Fibre products (e.g. wool)
Emissions attributed to these activities, not agriculture
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
LivestockAnimalhousing
Biogasreactor
Digestatestorage
Fields
Supplementaryfeedstock (N)
AnimalFeed (N)
NyOx
NH3
Emissions of N frommanure managementincluding biogasproduction
Emissions to be reported under NFR 4B
Emissions to bereported under
NFR 1.A.1,6.C.b or 6.C.c
NH3, NON2O, N2
NH3, NON2O, N2
Incineration
Furthertreatment
NH3, NO
Manurestorage
NH3, NON2O, N2
xgraz
xstore
xbiogas
xdigest
Biogas exportPower generation
NyOx
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
Ammonia emission from crops
Guidebook recognized existence of emissions but provides no methodology
Processes are understood but lack of good dataAgreed last year to recommend an emission of 2kg ammonia per hectare per year of arable landTemporary value until better data becomes available
Suggest no changeContinue to monitor the literature
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
Future
Role of Agriculture and Nature PanelMainly inventory compilersResearch scientist go to TFRN
Better communication with scientific community
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AARHUSUNIVERSITY
Workplan 2011-2012
Review of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) emissions from manure management systems (4B). Integrate US results when available.
Review of ammonia emissions from fertilisers (4D).Update information on NMVOC emissions from natural vegetation
Finalise methodology for ammonia emissions from biogas facilities (4B)