TDS – Total Dissolved SolidsTDS  Total Dissolved Solids

Patrick Campbell, DEP‐DWWM

M 18 2009May 18, 2009

What is TDS?• Total Dissolved Solids (milligrams per liter) (mg/l)

– Amount of dissolved matter in waterAmount of dissolved matter in water

– Ocean water  35,000 mg/l

Fresh water normally less than 100 mg/l– Fresh water normally less than 100 mg/l

– Rain less than 10 mg/l

St l l t d / d ti it• Strongly correlated w/ conductivity – e.g. TDS 500 mg/l ~= Conductivity 750 µs/cm   (~66%)

• PA WQ Standard to protect drinking water use = 500 mg/l Monthly Avg. / 750 maximum

Mon River – Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l)       Courtesy  PADEP

Much Concern in Northern WVMuch Concern in Northern WV

• Upper Mon River Association ‐ several meetingsUpper Mon River Association  several meetings

• Resolution by Morgantown City Council

2960 ( G ’ O )• HB 2960  (House Gov’t Org.)

• Interest from Dischargers as well

Information GatheringInformation Gathering

• TDS monitoring added to Large River NetworkTDS monitoring added to Large River Network

• Continuous Conductivity Monitors online 

S• WWTP Surveys

• Extensive Pre‐TMDL Monitoring in Monongahela watershed beginning July ’09

WVDEP ‐ Large River Monitoring TDS Results  

612643

700

800

1830

612

505

447

02427

500

600

/L)

271250

197

379

232

402

332

397

341

199

300

400

TDS (m

g/

148

6439

197

88

46 5174 83 80 85 74

176

66

143

81

150

111127

182

84 97

158

199

100

200

0

Continuous Monitors Online

W t F k Ri•West Fork River•Mon River @ Pt. Marion•Dunkard Ck•Tygart River

http://wv.usgs.gov/

PSD Data

700

800

PSD Data

Chlorides ‐ In Chlorides ‐ Out

674

635

500

600Sulfates ‐ In Sulfates ‐ Out

TDS ‐ In TDS ‐ Out

388

452

404

443 440

300

400

500

mg/L

163145

278

182200

256200

300

54

96

46

107

332781

47

121

39

126

35 50 63 1728

145

100

60 43 330

100

Pleasant View PSD W Pl

Town Of New Haven Lumberport Area PSD Moundsville Paden City Wastewater Pl

Pax**Wastewater Plant  Plant

WVDEP Chemical Monitoring

• 6 Long Term Sites, increased to monthly

• 200+ DMR Trend Stations200+  DMR Trend Stations

• Upcoming TMDL Monitoring at  (7/09‐6/10)~139 it thl– ~139 sites, monthly 

Sources of TDSSources of TDS

• MinesMines

• Landfills

d l• Road salt

• Brine

• WWTPs

• ScrubbersScrubbers

• Water softeners

M h• Many others

EPA Recommended TDS CriteriaEPA Recommended TDS Criteria

Human Health Aquatic LifeHuman Health

• Non‐Priority Pollutant– 1986 Gold Book Value 

Aquatic Life

• None– Discussion of individual ion 

– 250 mg/l

– Taste and laxative effects

criteria (e.g. chloride, sulfate) v. TDS

– Increasing effects observed at 

• Secondary Drinking Water Std. – Non‐enforceable

increasing levels 

– 500 mg/l

Neighboring States’ TDS CriteriaNeighboring States  TDS Criteria

• Kentucky – 750 mg/l HH @ POI (going to 250?)Kentucky  750 mg/l HH @ POI (going to 250?)

• Ohio – 1,500 mg/l AQL;  HH 500 mg/l avg/750 max @POImax @POI

• Maryland

• Pennsylvania ‐ 500 mg/l monthly average @ POI– 750 daily maximum (HH and cold water)

• Virginia – 500 mg/l HH @ POI

• ORSANCO ‐ noneORSANCO  none

Next StepsNext Steps

• Information gathering continuesInformation gathering continues

• Dialogue w/ EPA

S li i i f i b /2/09• Solicitation of input by 7/2/09

• More updates as triennial review continues 

Thanks for your interest!