teaching emergency management: how to incorporate special populations within a public health...

Teaching Emergency Teaching Emergency Management: Management: How to How to

Incorporate Special Populations Incorporate Special Populations Within a Public Health Within a Public Health

FrameworkFramework

Sylvia Twersky-Bumgardner, MPHSylvia Twersky-Bumgardner, MPHTemple University Department of Public HealthTemple University Department of Public HealthCenter for Preparedness Research, Education and Practice (C-PREP)Center for Preparedness Research, Education and Practice (C-PREP)FEMA Higher-Ed Conference Summer 2010FEMA Higher-Ed Conference Summer 2010

S. Twersky-BumgardnerS. Twersky-Bumgardner

Certificate ProgramCertificate Program

Located within College of Health Located within College of Health Professions, Dept. of Public HealthProfessions, Dept. of Public Health

Completely online programCompletely online program Students a mix of graduate (MPH, MS in Students a mix of graduate (MPH, MS in

Environmental Health) and undergraduate Environmental Health) and undergraduate (BS) public health as well as non-(BS) public health as well as non-matriculatedmatriculated

Affiliated with the Center for Preparedness Affiliated with the Center for Preparedness Research Education and PracticeResearch Education and Practice


Public Health and EMPublic Health and EM

Former U.S. Surgeon General C. Everett Koop :Former U.S. Surgeon General C. Everett Koop : "Health "Health care is vital to all of us some of the care is vital to all of us some of the time, but public health is vital to all time, but public health is vital to all of us all of the time." of us all of the time."


Public Health vs. Medical CarePublic Health vs. Medical Care

In medicine the patient is the individual; in In medicine the patient is the individual; in public health, the patient is the communitypublic health, the patient is the community

Public health diagnoses the health of the Public health diagnoses the health of the community using public health sciencescommunity using public health sciences

Treatment of the community involves new Treatment of the community involves new policies and interventionspolicies and interventions

Goal of medicine is cure; goal of public Goal of medicine is cure; goal of public health is prevention of disease and disabilityhealth is prevention of disease and disability


The National Response FrameworkThe National Response Framework

Definition of Special Needs Definition of Special Needs Populations:Populations:• populations whose members may have populations whose members may have

additional needs before, during, and additional needs before, during, and after an incident in functional areas, after an incident in functional areas, including but not limited to: maintaining including but not limited to: maintaining independence, communication, independence, communication, transportation, supervision, and medical transportation, supervision, and medical care. care.


PennsylvaniaPennsylvaniaDepartment of Health DefinitionDepartment of Health Definition

Definition of Special Needs Definition of Special Needs Populations:Populations:• groups whose needs are not fully groups whose needs are not fully

addressed by traditional service addressed by traditional service providers or who feel they cannot providers or who feel they cannot comfortably or safely access and use comfortably or safely access and use the standard resources offered in the standard resources offered in disaster preparedness, relief, and disaster preparedness, relief, and recoveryrecovery


Challenge for CertificateChallenge for Certificate Build a program that covers:Build a program that covers:

• Identified competencies in emergency managementIdentified competencies in emergency management• Core competencies in public health for emergency Core competencies in public health for emergency

managementmanagement Gebbie K, Merrill J. Public health worker competencies for Gebbie K, Merrill J. Public health worker competencies for

emergency response. emergency response. Public Health Manag PractPublic Health Manag Pract. . 2002;8(3):73-81. from CDC and Columbia School of Nursing2002;8(3):73-81. from CDC and Columbia School of Nursing

• Address special needs populations so that individuals Address special needs populations so that individuals that work with these populations have an understanding that work with these populations have an understanding of emergency needsof emergency needs

• Address special needs populations so that emergency Address special needs populations so that emergency managers have an understanding of considerations in managers have an understanding of considerations in mitigation, planning, response and recovery as well as mitigation, planning, response and recovery as well as techniques for finding, communicating, and working with techniques for finding, communicating, and working with special needs individualsspecial needs individuals


Development of Concepts and Development of Concepts and MasteryMastery

Concepts are introduced in one course and Concepts are introduced in one course and expanded and mastered in other required expanded and mastered in other required coursescourses• Mental healthMental health

In In PrincipalsPrincipals class raise idea of people living with class raise idea of people living with mental health issues as a special pop; mental health mental health issues as a special pop; mental health needs of EM workers; impact pyramidneeds of EM workers; impact pyramid

In In Man Made DisastersMan Made Disasters class discuss difference in class discuss difference in perception and mental health outcomes for natural perception and mental health outcomes for natural vs. man made disasters; resiliency; psychological first vs. man made disasters; resiliency; psychological first aidaid

In In Special PopulationsSpecial Populations class community outreach class community outreach including mental health service providersincluding mental health service providers


Multiple Learning ModalitiesMultiple Learning Modalities

Social Vulnerabilities in an Social Vulnerabilities in an EmergencyEmergency• Lecture that discuses social vulnerability Lecture that discuses social vulnerability

and functionalityand functionality• Movie that includes first person Movie that includes first person

accountsaccounts• Readings that include primary and Readings that include primary and

secondary sourcessecondary sources• Assignments-including accessing and Assignments-including accessing and

drawing conclusions from real datadrawing conclusions from real data


Principles of Emergency Principles of Emergency Management: A Public Health Management: A Public Health

Perspective Perspective Offer both a graduate and Offer both a graduate and

undergraduate version of the classundergraduate version of the class• Undergraduate class more hands-on and Undergraduate class more hands-on and

practical approachpractical approach• Graduate class has stronger theory base Graduate class has stronger theory base

and policy focusand policy focus


Case Studies: KatrinaCase Studies: Katrina

Movie: Movie: • Frontline: The stormFrontline: The storm• When the Levees Broke: A Requiem in Four When the Levees Broke: A Requiem in Four

Acts Acts Readings:Readings:

• The Federal Response to Hurricane Katrina: The Federal Response to Hurricane Katrina: Lessons LearnedLessons Learned

• Kirkpatrick, D.V., & Bryan, M. (2007). Hurricane Kirkpatrick, D.V., & Bryan, M. (2007). Hurricane emergency planning by home health providers emergency planning by home health providers serving the poor. Journal of Health Care for the serving the poor. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 18(2), 299-314Poor and Underserved, 18(2), 299-314


Example Assignment for Social Example Assignment for Social VulnerabilityVulnerability

Using the data from the Census Bureau’s Using the data from the Census Bureau’s American Community Survey compare the American Community Survey compare the demographic, social, economic, and demographic, social, economic, and housing statistics for the New Orleans housing statistics for the New Orleans metropolitan area before and after metropolitan area before and after Katrina. Katrina.

Based on this data, what conclusions can Based on this data, what conclusions can you draw about the differences between you draw about the differences between the populations of pre- and post- Katrina the populations of pre- and post- Katrina New Orleans? Do you feel that the New Orleans? Do you feel that the recovery efforts were successful for recovery efforts were successful for everyone? Why or why not?everyone? Why or why not?


IntegrationIntegration

Take important EM competencies and Take important EM competencies and incorporate special needs populationsincorporate special needs populations• Laws and AuthoritiesLaws and Authorities

How does the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) How does the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) apply to Emergency Management? apply to Emergency Management?

Executive Order 13347 (2004) This Executive Order is Executive Order 13347 (2004) This Executive Order is designed to ensure the safety and security of designed to ensure the safety and security of individuals of disabilities in all-hazard emergency and individuals of disabilities in all-hazard emergency and disaster situations. disaster situations.

Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006: outlines several actions to be taken by FEMA to 2006: outlines several actions to be taken by FEMA to address the needs of vulnerable populations before, address the needs of vulnerable populations before, during, and after public health emergencies.during, and after public health emergencies.


Feeds into work with PAFeeds into work with PA

Worked with PA county EMAs to identify Worked with PA county EMAs to identify current needs around special pops current needs around special pops planningplanning

Development of Guide for special pops Development of Guide for special pops planning based on county and municipal planning based on county and municipal EMA feedbackEMA feedback

Working with PA on special medical needs Working with PA on special medical needs alternate care sitesalternate care sites

CPREP currently has two graduate CPREP currently has two graduate students that work on these projectsstudents that work on these projects


Cross CuttingCross Cutting To adequately address special needs To adequately address special needs

populations requires cross-cutting skills, populations requires cross-cutting skills, disciplines, etc.. and can not be contained disciplines, etc.. and can not be contained in one coursein one course

Emergency Mangers tend to feel Emergency Mangers tend to feel overwhelmed by the ideaoverwhelmed by the idea

Must reach out to non-traditional Must reach out to non-traditional respondersresponders

Focus on special populations builds Focus on special populations builds general capacity, skills, and community general capacity, skills, and community preparednesspreparedness


Contact InformationContact Information

Sylvia Twersky-Bumgardner, MPHSylvia Twersky-Bumgardner, MPH

[email protected]@temple.edu

Temple University Department of Public HealthTemple University Department of Public Health

Center for Preparedness Research, Education Center for Preparedness Research, Education and Practice (C-PREP)and Practice (C-PREP)

http://www.temple.edu/cprep/http://www.temple.edu/chp/departments/publichealth/emc/

teaching emergency management: how to incorporate special populations within a public health...

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