tech drilling wellcontr

8/10/2019 Tech Drilling WellContr

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PETE 411Well Drilling

Lesson 25

Well Control, contd


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Well Control, contd

Shut-in Procedures after Taking a Kick

Kick Occurs While Drilling

Kick Occurs While Tripping

Casing Pressures DuringWell Control Operations

Kick on Bottom

Kick at surface

Kick Migration During Shut-in Conditions

Kicks on Trips/ Wellbore Fillup


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Read:

Applied Drilling Engineering, Ch.4

HW #14

Well Con tro l Drillers

due November 11, 2002


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Controlling A Kick when On Bottom

Procedure:

1. Raise the kellyto clearthe tool joint

above the rotary

2. Shut down the pump3. Check for well flow


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Controlling A Kick when On Bottom

4. If well is flowing, immediately close the

blowout preventerand shut in the well

completely, (except on shallow gas

kicks).

5. Notifysupervisory personnel.

6. Read and record the stabilized shut-in

drill-pipe pressure. (SIDPP)


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Controlling A Kick When On Bottom


casing pressure (SICP)

8. Read and record the pit gain(pit-level increase = kick size)

9. Record the time

10. Record depth

11. Record mud weight


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Controlling A Well Kick While

Making A Trip

1. Stop trip operations. Set slips

with tool joint at rotary.

2. Install inside blowout

preventerand release

valve stem or close thevalve if drill-stem valve is

employed.


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Making A Trip

3. Immediately close the blowout

preventer and shut in the

well completely (except onshallow gas kicks).

4. Install kelly, open drill-pipevalve, or pump through

back-pressure valve.


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Controlling a Well Kick While

Making A Trip

5. Notify supervisory personnel

6. Read and record the stabilized shut-indrill- pipe pressure or equivalent

(SIDPP)


casing pressure (SICP)


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Making A Trip

8. Read and record the pit gain

(Kick Size)

9. Record the time

10. Record the current welldepth

11. Record the currentmud weight


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VariableGeometry

Kick On Bottom

- Well Shut In

4,000

9,500

10,000

400 psi 200 psi

PB= 5,700 psi

hB = 445


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1. Calculate new BHP:

2. Calculate height of kick(check geometry).

3. Calculate density of kill mud:

SIDPP)depth**052.0(P oldB

depth*052.0

PBkill

depth*052.0

SIDPP

Variable Geometry


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4. Calculate the density of kick fluid:

How would you derive this equation?

Variable Geometry

B

MUDOLDKICKHeightKick*052.0

SIDPPSICP

B

MUDOLDKICKHeightKick*052.0

SIDPPSICP


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EngineersMethod -

Gas Kickat surface

SIDPP)depth**052.0(P oldB

PB= const = 0.052 * kill* depth

Gas Bubble

10.0 lb/gal

10.38 lb/gal

ho

D*


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1. Calculate expansion

of gas bubble

B

x

B

x

x

BBx

Z

Z

T

T

P

PVV

kill,mold,mKICKx PPPPBHP

AnnulusPHYD,kickofat topPressBHP.2

2. BHP = Press at top of kick + P HYD,Annulus

3. Solve the resulting quadratic equation to get

the pressure


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16BHP = PTOP+S

gi* hi)

gi= 0.052 * i )


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Bubble

Rise

Velocity

?

Gas

BubbleWill

Rise

!

Well is Shut In


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20 bbl kick

50 bbl kick

10 bbl kick

1,998 psi

1,266 psi

989 psi

BARRELS OF KILL MUD PUMPED


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Well Control

Avoid kicks if possible

Catch them early if they do occur

Know how to control kicks

if they do occur


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Avoiding Kicks While Tripping:

Keep the hole full.

Avoid excessive surge pressures.

Avoid excessive swab pressures


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Tripping Out of Hole

A good drilling engineer will always stay

on the rig floor during the first 20 stands

of a trip.

1. Make sure pipe is not pulled too fast.

2. Make sure annulus is kept full.

e.g.fill every 5 stands, and measure

volume required to fill hole.


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Tripping Out Of Hole

If well is not taking enough fluid to replace

volume of steel pulled from hole, fluid may

have been swabbed into well.

Measurefluid volume to fill hole:

1. By counting pump strokes, or

2. By direct measurement from trip tank.

Note:The second method is best.


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Annular Fill-Up On Trips

Example 1

How much fill-up is required after pulling 5

stands of 5 OD, 19.5 #/ftdrillpipe withextrahole tool joints?

[Each stand is 93 ftlong ].


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Annular Fill-Up On Trips

(i) Mud drains out through nozzles bbls(steel only)

(ii) Nozzles are plugged bbls(steel + mud)


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Example

(i)Vol. of steel only:(nozzles not plugged)

From Table 1.6, actual weight in air is20.60 lb/ft.

lbs9,579

stds.5*.std

ft

93*ft

lb

20.60stds5ofwt.


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Example

mudofbbls3.48requiredup-Fill

bbls3.48

gal146.36

lbs/gal45.65

lbs579,9

density

wt.steelofVolume


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Example

Check: From Table 1.6,

( )

)enough!(close

bbls3.51

bblsstds5ft90

ft9368.0ntDisplaceme


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Example

(ii) Nozzles are plugged:

From Halliburton book, internal capacity

of 19.50 #/ft, 5O.D. drillpipe is 0.01776bbl/ft.

bbls26.8

stds5*

std

ft93

ft

bbl0.01776capacityTotal


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Example

Volume of fill-up reqd = 3.48 + 8.26

= 11.74 bbls

How much did the flu id level drop?

How much did the BHP drop?


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Recommendations

Fill hole after each 5 stands of drill pipe

when coming out of hole.

Fill hole after eachstand of drillcollarswhen coming out of hole.

When GIH after an extended period of

time, break circulation gradually, at

several different depths...


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Recommendations

Do not break circulation with bit andBHA just above the casing seat.

When breaking circulation, Start the pumps slowly,

Rotate the drill string,

Pick up on the drillstring at the same time

This will reduce the initial pressure

required to get the mud moving


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MultiMedia Training Programs

To View these Programs on anyDepartmental Networked Computer:

1. Go to Network Neighbourhood

2. Select the computer marked Juvkam-wold2

3. The folder Multimedia contains TWELVE

Multimedia Programs

Let me know if there are problems.

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