techniques of emphasizing in written communication 1

Presentation on: TECHNIQUES OF EMPHASIZING IN WRITTEN COMMUNICATION

To Dr. K. Krishnan Nampoothiri

By Arun Antony (Roll No.: 05) Nels T. Babu (Roll No.: 11) Manu Manuel (Roll No.: 22)

Presentation on: TECHNIQUES OF EMPHASIZING IN WRITTEN COMMUNICATION

Emphasising - meaning

31-10-2013

BUSINESS COMMUNICATION

2

Emphasising means give special importance or value to (something) in speaking or writing. (OxfordAdvanced Learner'sDictionary)

Emphasising means to show or state that something is very important or worth giving attention, to make something more obvious. (Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary)

Need for emphasizing

31-10-2013


3

To project core idea.

To make communication effective.

To establish purpose.

To ensure attention and retention.

A few tips for Emphasizing

31-10-2013


4

Things like italics, bold, underscores, caps, different size type, alternate fonts, color etc., can act as emphasizing techniques.

Used in excess, any emphasizing technique lose their ability to emphasize and become distract, cause readers to be reluctant to read a text.

Emphasizing techniques to be used consistently to prevent readers from becoming confused.

Techniques of Emphasising

31-10-2013


5

Emphasizing by Position.

Emphasizing by Sentence structure and words.

Emphasizing by Space.

Emphasizing by Mechanical means.

Emphasizing by Repetition.

Emphasizing by Position

31-10-2013


6

The beginnings and endings of a unit of written communication carry more emphasis than the center parts.

Place central idea in the beginning and ending.

Emphasize these key ideas through sentence Style, Paragraph and Message.

Examples:

31-10-2013


7

1.If you would like more information, please call any time between 9:00 and 5:00, Monday through Sunday. Just give me a ring if you want to know more. Any time from 9:00 to 5:00 should be fine.

2. I can write letters much more quickly using a computer [However, by changing the subject, the computer takes center stage] The computer enables me to write letters much more quickly 3. Mario M Cuomo, North American politician and ex-governor of New York. Mario M Cuomo, politician and ex-governor of New York.

Emphasizing by Repetition

31-10-2013


8

Repetition of the last word of one line or clause to begin the next.

Example:My conscience hath a thousand several tongues,And every tongue brings in a several tale,And every tale condemns me for a villain."(William Shakespeare,Richard III)

Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or verses.

Example:"I want her tolive.I want her tobreathe.I want her toaerobicize."(Weird Science, 1985)

Emphasizing by Space

31-10-2013


9

Giving more space to central idea.The more space one gives a topic, the more emphasis the topic receives.Contrasting and supporting. Example:

Emphasizing by Sentence Structure and use of words

31-10-2013


10

Place important information in short, phrases/simple sentence(s) so that it will not have to compete with other information for the readers attention. Example:

Emphasizing by Sentence Structure and use of words (contn.)

31-10-2013


11

This can be done by:Careful choice of words. Use of strong words.Use of transitional words. tranition.docxDeveloping proper sentences & paragraphs.Repeat key words.Use of active voices. Example: Harry ate six shrimp at dinner. (active) At dinner, six shrimp were eaten by Harry. (passive)

Colour

31-10-2013


12

There are many colours you can use. Brighter colours and those towards the red end of the spectrum stand out more. Blues and dark colours are more subtle. A neat usage is in headings (which often include the key message). Examples. Theteacherreturnedthe homework shenoticedthe error. Thestudentsare studying theyhavea test tomorrow. {In this complex sentences, subordinators (when required) are in blue.}

after

because

Emphasis by Mechanical Means

Italics

31-10-2013


13

Gives light emphasis. Use for sophisticated stressing of words.Examples:The operaRigolettowas written by Giuseppe Verdi.Leprosy was caused byMycobacterium leprae

Underline More insistent. Works well for emphasis of a complete phrase. Some people only use italic and bold, in which case the difference will cause attention.Examples:Use auxiliary as shall be" in the given sentence.Answer all the questions.

31-10-2013


14

BoldIs clearly visible when you first look at the whole page.The emphasized text strongly stands out from the rest of the text.

Lines and arrows Examples:

31-10-2013


15

SizeBigger fonts stand out more and small fonts recede.

But beware of reducing readability by mixing font sizes too much.

UppercaseUppercase charactersare capital letters.

lowercase characters are small letters. Example: boxis in lowercase whileBOX is in uppercase.

31-10-2013


16

Punctuation Marks ! In particular the exclamation mark, gives a strong emphasis. Use sparingly. Be very careful when using multiple marks ! ! It can be interpreted as either enthusiasm or attempted manipulation. Examples: Punctuation Marks.docxCombinations

And you can combine any of the above, shouting in a deafening way.

Conclusion

31-10-2013


17

In every writing project, a clear plan and strong knowledge of your audience will help you make the most effective sentence choices.

Reference

31-10-2013


18

1.BUSINESS COMMUNICATION THEORY AND APPLICATION Raymond V. Lesikar, John D.Pettit,Jr. Sixth edition.

2. EFFECTIVE BUSINESS COMMUNICATION- Herta A. Murphy, Herbert W. Hildebrandt, Jane P. Thomas- Seventh edition3. http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples4. http://wikipedia.english/grammer./pasive/active

QUESTIONS IF ANY??

31-10-2013


19

Thank you...

31-10-2013


20

techniques of emphasizing in written communication 1

Business

written communication

business communication

mechanical means

sentence structure

write letters

emphasizing techniques

information

make