technologies for mm and sub-mm waves sideband separating … · 2016-06-10 · view south from...
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View south from Cerro Chajnantor. Photo S. Radford 1994 November
Technologies for mm and sub-mm waves
sideband separating receivers
Victor Belitsky
Group for Advanced Receiver Development (GARD)
Earth and Space Science Department
Chalmers University of Technology
Gothenburg
• 2SB SIS mixer receivers - introduction;
• SIS mixer improvements;
• Passive components of the 2SB mixer;
• LO sources;
• SEPIA.
Outline
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
2SB Mixers - intro
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
90° RF hybrid
V/√2
jV/√2
90° IF hybrid
LO
LSB
USB
Terminated
RF ½LSB ½USB
Mixer 2
Mixer 1
½LSB ½USB
½LSB ½LSB ½USB ½USB
½LSB ½USB ½USB ½LSB
• Symmetry in amplitude and phase;
• RF hybrid, DSB mixers, IF hybrid;
ALMA Band 5 is used as “show-case”
2SB Mixers – ALMA Band 5
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
90° RF hybrid
V/√2
jV/√2
90° IF hybrid
LO
LSB
USB
Terminated
RF ½LSB ½USB
Mixer 2
Mixer 1
½LSB ½USB
½LSB ½LSB ½USB ½USB
½LSB ½USB ½USB ½LSB
• Symmetry in amplitude and phase;
• RF hybrid, DSB mixers, IF hybrid;
ALMA Band 5 is used as “show-case”
2SB Mixers - intro
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
• Symmetry in amplitude and phase;
• RF hybrid, DSB mixers, IF hybrid;
2SB Mixers - intro
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
• Symmetry in amplitude and phase;
• RF hybrid, DSB mixers, IF hybrid;
SIS DSB Mixers
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
SIS DSB Mixers
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
SIS DSB Mixers
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
15 um substrate offset gives 12.5 degree in phase;
SIS DSB Mixers - improvement
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
15 um substrate offset gives 12.5 degree in phase;
90° RF hybrid
V/√2
jV/√2
90° IF hybrid
LO
LSB
USB
Terminated
RF ½LSB ½USB
Mixer 2
Mixer 1
½LSB ½USB
½LSB ½LSB ½USB ½USB
½LSB ½USB ½USB ½LSB
SIS DSB Mixers - improvement
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
SIS DSB Mixers - improvement
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
RF hybrid - improvement
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
90° RF hybrid
V/√2
jV/√2
90° IF hybrid
LO
LSB
USB
Terminated
RF ½LSB ½USB
Mixer 2
Mixer 1
½LSB ½USB
½LSB ½LSB ½USB ½USB
½LSB ½USB ½USB ½LSB
RF hybrid - improvement
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
RF hybrid - improvement
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
IF hybrid - improvement
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
Local Oscillator – SIS multiplier
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
Local Oscillator – SIS multiplier
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
Pumped SIS
mixer
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
Swedish ESO PI instrument for APEX
SEPIA February 2015: installed at APEX with ALMA Band 5
preproduction receiver.
February 2016: ALMA Band 9 (NOVA, NL) technically
commissioned after integration into SEPIA. Collaborative
effort by APEX partners: ESO and GARD/OSO; details in
the MoU.
Planned in 2017: 2SB version of ALMA Band 9 from NOVA;
Planned for 2018: GARD designed and built APEX B2
cartridge (=ALMA B7) receiver with IF 4-12 GHz;
Future upgrade of ALMA B5 to IF 4-12 GHz;
SEPIA Cryostat
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
SEPIA Cryostat
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
SEPIA Receiver
Victor Belitsky, GARD, Chalmers University
SEPIA First Light Receiver
Billade, B., Nystrom, O. ; Meledin, D. ; Sundin, E. ; Lapkin, I. ; Fredrixon, M. ; Desmaris, V. ; Rashid, H. ;
Strandberg, M. ; Ferm, S.-E. ; Pavolotsky, A. ; Belitsky, V., "Performance of the First ALMA Band 5 Production
Cartridge", IEEE Trans. Terahertz Science and Technology, Vol. 2, No. 2, March 2012, pp. 208-214.
165 170 175 180 185 190 195 200 2050
50
100
150
200
LO Frequency (GHz)
Nois
e T
em
pera
ture
(K),
PO
L-0
Un-corrected Average Noise Temperature measured over, IF = 4 GHz - 8 GHzEach point represents noise averaged over 4-8 GHz IF, at corresponding LO
CH1(LSB)
CH2(USB)
ALMA Specification 80% - 55K
ALMA Specification @ any frequency - 75K
165 170 175 180 185 190 195 200 2050
50
100
150
200
LO Frequency (GHz)
Nois
e T
em
pera
ture
(K),
PO
L-0
True (Corrected for sideband rejection) Average Noise Temperature measured over, IF = 4 GHz - 8 GHzEach point represents noise averaged over 4-8 GHz IF, at corresponding LO
CH1(LSB)
CH(USB)
ALMA Specification 80% - 55K
ALMA Specification @ any frequency - 75K
165 170 175 180 185 190 195 200 2050
50
100
150
200
LO Frequency (GHz)N
ois
e T
em
pera
ture
(K),
PO
L-1
Un-corrected Average Noise Temperature measured over, IF = 4 GHz - 8 GHzEach point represents noise averaged over 4-8 GHz IF, at corresponding LO
CH1(LSB)
CH2(USB)
ALMA Specification 80% - 55K
ALMA Specification @ any frequency - 75K
165 170 175 180 185 190 195 200 2050
50
100
150
200
LO Frequency (GHz)
Nois
e T
em
pera
ture
(K),
PO
L-1
True (Corrected for sideband rejection) Average Noise Temperature measured over, IF = 4 GHz - 8 GHzEach point represents noise averaged over 4-8 GHz IF, at corresponding LO
CH1(LSB)
CH(USB)
ALMA Specification 80% - 55K
ALMA Specification @ any frequency - 75K
SEPIA First Light Receiver
Billade, B., Nystrom, O. ; Meledin, D. ; Sundin, E. ; Lapkin, I. ; Fredrixon, M. ; Desmaris, V. ; Rashid, H. ;
Strandberg, M. ; Ferm, S.-E. ; Pavolotsky, A. ; Belitsky, V., "Performance of the First ALMA Band 5 Production
Cartridge", IEEE Trans. Terahertz Science and Technology, Vol. 2, No. 2, March 2012, pp. 208-214.
SEPIA: Flexible and Scalable
Receiver Platform
Acknowledgements GARD/OSO/Chalmers University
Rashid, H., Billade, B., Nystrom, O. ; Meledin, D. ; Sundin, E. ; Lapkin, I. ; Fredrixon,
M.; Desmaris, V. ;; Strandberg, M. ; Ferm, S.-E. ; Pavolotsky, A. ; Olberg M.; Aghdam P.;
Ermakov A.; de Beck E.; Bergman P.; Olofsson H.; Shafiee S.; Conway J.
ESO
De Breuck C.; Immer K.; Yagoubov P.
APEX
Big thanks to everybody of the Engineering staff and Astronomers for support and
help! Special thanks to Thomas Klein as well !