technology and innovation. terms to know: technology: the use of materials, tools and skills ...
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Terms to know:
Technology: the use of materials, tools and skills
Technological innovation: the development of new technologies
Innovation #1: Moveable type Created in 1450 by Johann
Gutenberg
Allowed books to be printed more cheaply; news and ideas spread quickly
Helped launch the Protestant Reformation by spreading criticism of the Catholic Church
Innovation #2: Steam Engine
Invented in the 1700’s
Provided power for factories, transportation, steamboats, and trains.
Innovation #3: Internal Combustion Engine Powered
automobiles and airplanes
Improvements in places and ease of travel and shipping goods
Innovation #4: GPS and GIS
GPS: Global Positioning Systems Utilize satellites to send exact
locations on Earth. Used today for cars, addresses
and routes, search and rescue capabilities, and weapons/military.
Example: GoogleEarth
Innovation #4: GPS and GIS GIS: Graphic Information Systems
Utilize computers to capture, store, manage, and analyze information
Allows for better interpretation and visualization of data
Innovation #5: Air Conditioning
Allow people to move and live in places that have more extreme weather.
Caused a major population shift to the South and West starting in the 1960’s.
Innovation #6: Desalinization The process by which salt is
separated to make fresh water
Allows people to adapt to new environments where only salt water may be present (example: Israel)
El Paso, Texas has one of the world’s largest desalinization plants
Innovation #7: Agriculture Introduction of the tractor allowed for
farmers to harvest crops more quickly
Fertilizers and pesticides keep crops healthy and insect-free
Farmers are learning to grow plants with less water, land, and labor
Satellites help farmers get more accurate weather reports
Innovation #8: Trade Movement from trading with nearby
communities to a world wide market place
Larger ships, planes, trucks, and trains allow more goods from more places.
Some of the biggest manufacturers in the world are China, Mexico, Japan, USA, and Chile.
Innovation #9: Medicine The understanding of DNA has
opened doors for scientists to understand genetics
New tools like CAT scans and MRI’s use computers to create 3D images the body
Creation of medicines and developing cures for diseases