technology in medicine. computers in health care computers in health care medical information...
TRANSCRIPT
Technology in MedicineTechnology in Medicine
Technology in MedicineTechnology in Medicine
Computers in health careComputers in health care• Medical information systemsMedical information systems• Administrative applicationsAdministrative applications
Office management systemsOffice management systems
• Clinical and special purpose Clinical and special purpose systemssystems
Other ApplicationsOther Applications
• Computer-assisted surgeryComputer-assisted surgery
• ProstheticsProsthetics
• PharmacyPharmacy
Computer-assisted Computer-assisted surgerysurgery
Computer-assisting surgical Computer-assisting surgical planningplanning
RoboticsRobotics Minimally invasive surgeryMinimally invasive surgery
endoscopic surgeryendoscopic surgery laparoscopic surgerylaparoscopic surgery
Prosthetic DevicesProsthetic Devices
Myoelectric limbsMyoelectric limbs MicroprocessorsMicroprocessors Computer technology for Computer technology for
vision and hearingvision and hearing
The Computerized The Computerized PharmacyPharmacy
Computers and drug errorsComputers and drug errors The automated community The automated community
pharmacypharmacy Hospital pharmacy robot and Hospital pharmacy robot and
bar-codesbar-codes Point-of-use drug dispensingPoint-of-use drug dispensing
Radiology and Digital Radiology and Digital ImagingImaging
X-raysX-rays• Traditional vs. digital x-rayTraditional vs. digital x-ray• MammographyMammography
UltrasoundUltrasound Digital imagingDigital imaging
• Computerized tomographyComputerized tomography• Magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic resonance imaging• Positron emission tomographyPositron emission tomography
Bloodless surgeryBloodless surgery
• Interventional radiologyInterventional radiology• Stereotactic radiosurgeryStereotactic radiosurgery• Focused ultrasound surgeryFocused ultrasound surgery
TelemedicineTelemedicine
Definition: “The use of computers, the Definition: “The use of computers, the Internet, and other communication Internet, and other communication technologies to provide medical care technologies to provide medical care to patients at a distance.”to patients at a distance.”
Forms: Forms: VoiceVoice DataData Still imagesStill images Motion pictureMotion picture
TelemedicineTelemedicine
Includes: Includes:
DiagnosesDiagnosesPatient monitoringPatient monitoringTreatmentsTreatments
TelemedicineTelemedicine
Telehealth:Telehealth:
Larger field that includes Larger field that includes health-related educationhealth-related education
public health researchpublic health researchhealth services health services
administrationadministration
TelemedicineTelemedicine
Advantages: Advantages: Brings high quality medical Brings high quality medical
care to anyone regardless care to anyone regardless of distanceof distance
Decreases patient wait timeDecreases patient wait timeDecreases patient travel Decreases patient travel
timetime
TelemedicineTelemedicine
Teleradiology: Oldest form of Teleradiology: Oldest form of telemedicine using computers telemedicine using computers and telecommunications .and telecommunications .
Interactive video conferencing: Interactive video conferencing: Conferencing that allows medical Conferencing that allows medical professionals and patients to professionals and patients to consult in real-time, using consult in real-time, using telephones and video screens. telephones and video screens.
TelemedicineTelemedicine
Telepathology: Transmission of Telepathology: Transmission of microscopic images over microscopic images over telecommunications lines allowing telecommunications lines allowing the pathologist to view images on a the pathologist to view images on a monitor instead of under a monitor instead of under a microscope.microscope.
Telepsychiatry: Uses Telepsychiatry: Uses teleconferencing to deliver teleconferencing to deliver psychotherapy. May not be suitable psychotherapy. May not be suitable for some types of mental illness.for some types of mental illness.
TelemedicineTelemedicine
Remote monitoring devicesRemote monitoring devices Telespironmetry- Telespironmetry-
used for asthma patientsused for asthma patients information transmitted over telephone information transmitted over telephone
lines to remote locationlines to remote location Arrhythmia monitoringArrhythmia monitoring
ECG telemetry that monitors a ECG telemetry that monitors a patient’s cardiac status and sends it to patient’s cardiac status and sends it to a remote locationa remote location
Effectiveness of Effectiveness of TelemedicineTelemedicine
Examining a patient at a Examining a patient at a distance is not the same as distance is not the same as examining that patient face to examining that patient face to faceface
In prisons, telemedicine has led In prisons, telemedicine has led to decreased costs and improved to decreased costs and improved health care for inmateshealth care for inmates
Effectiveness of Effectiveness of TelemedicineTelemedicine
Medical assistants at the remote Medical assistants at the remote sites may be usefulsites may be useful
Small hospitals and clinics may Small hospitals and clinics may find hardware costs prohibitivefind hardware costs prohibitive
Research studies generally Research studies generally favorable for medical and cost favorable for medical and cost effectivenesseffectiveness
Use of TelemedicineUse of Telemedicine
Health care to the elderly (homebound)Health care to the elderly (homebound) Connect rural primary care physicians Connect rural primary care physicians
to urban specialiststo urban specialists Allow families of high-risk newborns to Allow families of high-risk newborns to
watch babies’ hospital care from homewatch babies’ hospital care from home Data can be transmitted from Data can be transmitted from
ambulance to ERambulance to ER Patients with chronic illnesses can Patients with chronic illnesses can
receive medication reminders at homereceive medication reminders at home
Issues in TelemedicineIssues in Telemedicine
Technical issuesTechnical issuesappropriate appropriate
telecommunications telecommunications infrastructure must be in placeinfrastructure must be in place
not available in some rural and not available in some rural and urban areasurban areas
requires high bandwidth (cable requires high bandwidth (cable modem)modem)
Issues in TelemedicineIssues in Telemedicine
Insurance issuesInsurance issues insurance may not coverall telemedicineinsurance may not coverall telemedicine
Legal issuesLegal issues licensing laws differ in each statelicensing laws differ in each state liability is not clearliability is not clear
Privacy issuesPrivacy issues electronic medical record subject to misuseelectronic medical record subject to misuse HIPPA (Health Insurance Portability and HIPPA (Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act of 1996) Accountability Act of 1996)