technology oracle corporation (nyse: orcl) business. these business segments are licensed out to...

30
1 Krause Fund Research Fall 2015 Technology Recommendation: Hold Analysts Kyle McGrath kyle[email protected] Will Dugan will[email protected] Samuel Wampler sam[email protected] Patrick Bartowski patrick[email protected] Company Overview Oracle Corporation (ORCL) is an industryleading application software company within the technology sector. The company provides the necessary products and services that address all aspects of the information technologies environment. Oracle Corporation operates through three major business segments, software and cloud business, hardware systems business, and its service business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31 st , 2015, ORCL reported revenue of $38,226B. Stock Performance Highlights 52 week High $46.71 52 week Low $35.14 Beta Value 1.11 Average Daily Volume 16.68 m Share Highlights Market Capitalization $161.99 b Shares Outstanding FY 2015 4.34 b Book Value per share $11.00 EPS (FY 2015) $2.26 P/E Ratio 17.51 Dividend Yield 1.65% Dividend Payout Ratio FY 2015 22.54% Company Performance Highlights ROA FY 2015 8.36% ROE FY 2015 20.42% Sales FY 2015 $38,226 b Financial Ratios Current Ratio FY 2015 4.13 Debt to Equity FY 2015 88.46% Current Price: $37.30 Target Price Range: $37.79 $39.79 ORCL success predicated on capturing cloud growth The technology sector is currently in a state of high quality growth propelled by global business spending on cloud computing infrastructure and platforms. This segment is expected to grow by a 30% CAGR from 2013 to 2018 VI . Increases in demand for cloud based software will cause a continued decline in new licensing, hardware and service revenues through FY 2016. Despite Q1 cloud revenue up 29% YoY VII , Oracle’s overall revenue will decrease by 1.22% in fiscal year 2016. Oracle’s SG&A costs associated with cloud offerings have been higher primary due to promotional discounts and sales incentives. As software deals depart from introductory stages, Oracle’s operating margin will increase from 37.38% in 2015 to over 40% by 2017. Increases in competition and changes in traditional pricing models will put substantial downward pressure on profitability margins in Oracle’s Software and Cloud business segment. Oracle receives about 30% of its revenue from EMEA and 15% from APAC 4 . Recent earnings have been negatively affected by unfavorable fluctuation in FX. Expectations of foreign currencies rebalancing in relation to the dollar will enhance perspective on future earnings. Source: Yahoo Finance 15% 10% 5% 0% 5% 10% 15% N D J F M A M J J A S O N ORCL S&P 500 12 Month Price Performance Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) November 13, 2015

Upload: lamliem

Post on 26-May-2018

214 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

1

   Krause Fund Research    Fall 2015 

      Technology    Recommendation: Hold  Analysts 

Kyle McGrath kyle‐[email protected] 

Will Dugan will‐[email protected] 

Samuel Wampler sam‐[email protected] 

Patrick Bartowski patrick‐[email protected]

 

Company Overview  

Oracle  Corporation  (ORCL)  is  an  industry‐leading  application software company within  the  technology sector. The company provides  the  necessary  products  and  services  that  address  all aspects  of  the  information  technologies  environment.  Oracle Corporation operates  through  three major business  segments, software and cloud business, hardware systems business, and its service business. These business  segments are  licensed out  to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015, ORCL reported revenue of $38,226B.   

Stock Performance Highlights                52 week High  $46.71 52 week Low  $35.14 Beta Value  1.11 Average Daily Volume  16.68 m  

Share Highlights Market Capitalization  $161.99 b Shares Outstanding FY 2015  4.34 b Book Value per share  $11.00 EPS (FY 2015)  $2.26 P/E Ratio  17.51 Dividend Yield  1.65% Dividend Payout Ratio FY 2015  22.54%  

Company Performance Highlights ROA FY 2015  8.36% ROE FY 2015  20.42% Sales FY 2015   $38,226 b 

 

Financial Ratios Current Ratio FY 2015  4.13 Debt to Equity FY 2015   88.46% 

 

    

  

   

Current Price: $37.30 Target Price Range: $37.79 ‐ $39.79 

 

ORCL success predicated on capturing cloud growth

  

The technology sector is currently in a state of high quality growth  propelled  by  global  business  spending  on  cloud computing  infrastructure  and  platforms.  This  segment  is expected to grow by a 30% CAGR from 2013 to 2018VI.  

 

Increases  in demand for cloud based software will cause a continued  decline  in  new  licensing,  hardware  and  service revenues  through  FY  2016. Despite Q1  cloud  revenue  up 29% YoYVII, Oracle’s overall revenue will decrease by 1.22% in fiscal year 2016. 

 

Oracle’s  SG&A  costs  associated with  cloud  offerings  have been higher primary due to promotional discounts and sales incentives.  As  software  deals  depart  from  introductory stages, Oracle’s operating margin will increase from 37.38% in 2015 to over 40% by 2017. 

 

Increases  in competition and changes  in traditional pricing models  will  put  substantial  downward  pressure  on profitability margins in Oracle’s Software and Cloud business segment. 

   Oracle  receives about 30% of  its  revenue  from EMEA and 

15%  from  APAC4.  Recent  earnings  have  been  negatively affected by unfavorable  fluctuation  in  FX.  Expectations of foreign currencies rebalancing  in relation to the dollar will enhance perspective on future earnings.  

  

 

Source: Yahoo Finance 

‐15%

‐10%

‐5%

0%

5%

10%

15%

N D J F M A M J J A S O N

ORCL S&P 500

12 Month Price Performance 

Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) 

November 13, 2015 

Page 2: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

2

 0 

 We  recommend  a  HOLD  rating  on  Oracle  Corporation (NYSE:ORCL) as of November 13th, 2015. By evaluating a relative P/E model based on large cap technology companies, we have concluded Oracle’s appropriate price range to be 37.76 ‐ 39.79.  The major factors behind our valuation decision are as follows: Uncertain  of  ability  to  generate  organic  growth,  risk  of additional operational  leverage  increase and slowing  licensing revenue due to the adoption of alternative pricing models. 

 

  Significant economic  factors that affect the technology sector 

include  domestic  real  GDP,  consumer  sentiment, 

unemployment  rate,  foreign  currency  exchange  rates  and 

foreign market growth.  

Domestic Real GDP 

 

We anticipate that domestic real GDP will to grow at a stable 

rate of 2.97% over the next six months. This modest growth will 

be  driven  by  strong  consumer  spending  and  an  increase  in 

business investments. Given an expected interest rate rise in Q4 

of  2015  and  into  2016,  firms will  be  encouraged  to  capture 

inexpensive capital before interest rates rise further stimulating 

the  economy.  However,  an  increase  in  the  country’s  trade 

deficit  will  damper  overall  growth  and  keep  levels  stable. 

Continued  economic  growth  will  benefit  the  technology 

industry as increase technology updates and purchases exhibit 

its cyclical tendencies. 

Unemployment  

 

The US unemployment  rate will dip  to 4.9%,  leveling off at a 

healthy frictional level in the short‐term. The decreasing trend 

in unemployment  spurs demand  for additional hardware and 

software  purchases  due  to  license  per‐seat  limitations.  As 

companies grow, they will require additional software seats in 

order to operate smoothly.  On the other hand, an increase in 

the  number  of  skilled  jobs  enables  employees  to  command 

higher wages. As wages  increases,  technology companies will 

experience a deterioration of corporate profits and operating 

margins. This will cause companies to reduce  jobs and  in turn 

drive up the unemployment rate to 5.4%  in the  long run. This 

reversal is supported by the normalization of labor participation 

rates from their financial crisis lows.  

Foreign Exchange Rates 

The  recent  strengthening  of  the  dollar  due  to  the  artificial 

devaluation of the Yen and the ECB’s stimulus package have had 

substantial  effect  on  domestic  corporate  earnings.  The 

changing  landscape  has  affected  many  companies  in  the 

technology sector as the group derives more than 59.4% of their 

revenue  from  foreign marketsx.  This  headwind will  remain  a 

factor in earnings growth throughout 2015, but is expected to 

rebalance going forward as Asian growth concerns dissipate and 

the  Eurozone  completes  their  quantitative  easing.  These 

changes will provide a slight relief to corporate earnings.  

Foreign Real GDP 

Foreign  markets  have  commanded  attention  of  technology 

sales  intensifying the  impacts of globalization.   Global growth 

will continue to increase at a rate of 3.3% into 2016x. Europe will 

benefit from quantitative easing as  it emerges from recession 

Executive Summary 

Economic Outlook 

Page 3: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

3

and continue to provide a consistent portion of business in the 

short‐term. Despite growth concerns  in China, the Asia Pacific 

area overall will remain an international growth leaders driven 

by  consumer  demand  and  increasing  population  sizes. 

Furthermore, recent decline of commodity prices have caused 

economic  instability  in other emerging markets such as Brazil, 

Russia, and Saudi Arabia. However on a  longer  time horizon, 

these  markets  will  continue  to  develop,  increasing  their 

utilization and dependency on  technology  for advancements. 

As a result, the technology sector will be amongst the  leading 

industries.  

Capital Market Outlook 

Coming  off  one  of  the most  challenging  quarters  since  the 

financial  crises  in  2008  –  2009,  U.S.  capital  markets  are 

positioned  for  slight  appreciation  in Q4  2015  through  2016. 

Positive economic data including strong employment numbers, 

a  slight  increase  in  wages  and  strong  consumer  spending 

reassures  the  health  of  the  US  economy.  Additionally  these 

factors  ease  the  job  of  the  Federal  Reserve  in  deciding  an 

appropriate  time  to  increase  the  Federal  Funds  Rate.  It  is 

projected that the U.S. will see a small rate hikes in Q4 2015 and 

into 2016.  This hike is already priced into the market due to the 

recent strong economic data.  

However, volatility will return to the market and capital markets 

will depreciate  if  international growth  concerns  in China and 

Europe escalate. Over 40% of the S&P 500 profits are generated 

internationally  leaving  large  exposure  to  these  growth 

concernsx.   An  increase  in the dollar will also have a negative 

effect on capital markets. 

  Oracle operates in the application software industry which is a part of the technology sector. Companies in this industry create, distribute,  and  provide  service  to  different  software applications for both enterprise and consumer use. Revenue is primarily  generated  through  software  licensing  where customers buy  the  rights  to use  the software. Other  revenue streams consist of service packages and software subscriptions.     The overall software publishing industry in the United States is expected to show strong growth through 2020. This growth will be  driven  by  the  number  of  mobile  internet  connection, corporate profits and government spending. Industry revenues are  expected  to  increase  at  3.00%  annually  and  reach  $226 billion by 2020v.  

   

Industry Trends  Cloud Based Software  The transition to cloud based software as a service or SaaS is a major  trend  in  the  software  industry.  SaaS  applications  are located  on  offsite  servers  and  only  require  an  internet connection to run. This eliminates a company’s need to tie up large  amounts  of  capital  on  costly  in‐house  servers  and  IT departments. In 2016, there will be an 11% shift of IT budgets away from the traditional in‐house data networks.  

 Source: Barclays Database Market Report 

 Worldwide  SaaS  revenues  are  projected  to  increase  21%  to $106  billion  in  2016VI.  Companies  that  are  committed  to building  out  their  cloud  infrastructure will  benefit  the most from the increase demand in SaaS. From 2013 to 2018 spending on cloud infrastructure and platforms is anticipated to growth at a 30% CAGRVI. The  race  to determine which  company will create  the  most  value  in  this  business  segment  will  be determined by  the reliability of  their cloud  infrastructure and the applications they offer.  Pricing Models  The traditional pricing model for software publishing companies is  structured  around  large perpetual  licensing  fees. With  the increase  in  SaaS,  companies  are  starting  to  transition  to  an alternative  pricing  model  based  on  subscription  fees.  The benefit  for  companies  is  revenue  streams  smooth  out  and become more  predictable  as  customers  switch  from  a  large onetime  fee  to  a  periodic  payment  system.    This  alternative pricing  model  also  opens  the  door  to  market  enterprise software to smaller firms who once could not afford the higher licensing fees.  The major drawback of changing from a licensing 

Industry Analysis 

Page 4: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

4

model  to  a  subscription  based model  is  lower  per  customer revenue.  Customers  will  only  make  the  switch  to  the subscription model  if  it  is economically beneficial.   To attract customers  companies  will  have  to  lower  their  prices.  This change will put downward pressure on profitability margins as companies  compete  to  offer  the  lowest  price  points  for software  solution.  Companies  that  already  have  high profitability margin will be in better positioned to weather the alternative price model changes.   

Competitive Landscape  Competition in the software industry derives from a company’s ability  create, market and  sell  innovative products  that  solve unique  problems.    Successful  companies  spend  substantial capital  attracting  and  retaining  highly  skilled  developers  and programmers.  These  companies  will  also  dedicate  a  larger portion of their sales on research and development projects to spur innovation. Lastly, international sales will play a large role in the growth of software companies as competition continues to increase.    Porters Five Forces  Threat of New Entrants   The threat of new entrants in the software publishing industry is high due to the small capital needed to conduct business. This ease  of  entry  allows  smaller  niche  companies  to  engage  in intense competition with larger companies for market share in specific  product  areas.  Patents  on  intellectual  property  can serve as a modest barrier, however, defending  those patents can be costly  Threat of Substitutes  Substitution in the software industry is low due to the high cost of  switching.  Enterprise  software  is  highly  customizable  and often  requires  a  large  support  system  that makes  switching difficult  and  costly.  However, with  the  introduction  to  SaaS, switching costs will decrease causing competition to increase.   Power of Suppliers  The power  of  suppliers  in  the  software  industry  is  high.  The main  input  of  software  is  human  capital.  Companies  must compete to attract and retain a highly skilled labor force. This competition  comes  at  a  high  price  because  the  skills  of  a programmer  are  easily  transferable  to  other  competitors, enabling a programmer the ability to leverage their wages.   Power of Buyers  The  power  of  buyers  in  the  software  industry  is  medium. Customers  demand  low  complexity  and  low  cost  structures 

when implementing, sourcing, and maintaining their enterprise software and hardware systems. This demand puts downward pressure on margins as companies compete.  Intensity of Competitive Rivalry  There  is  a  high  intensity  of  rivalry  between  the  four major software  companies,  Oracle  Corporation  (ORCL),  Microsoft Corporation  (MSFT)  and  International  Business  Machines Corporation (IBM). In 2014, these three companies accounted for one third of the total software industry revenueV.   

Peer Comparison  Oracle’s direct peer  group  consists of; Microsoft Corporation (MSFT),  Salesforce.com  Inc.  (CRM),  SAP  SE  (SAP),  and International Business Machines Corporation  (IBM). This peer group is defined by the products and services they provide and their market capitalization.   These five companies compete  in many  different  business  segments  including;  enterprise software,  cloud  infrastructure,  database  solutions  and  IT services. When comparing these five companies it is important to evaluate them on the amount of revenue they generate per employee,  the  portion  of  sales  they  spend  on  research  and design, their profitability margins, international sales levels, and database  popularity.  These  metrics  reveal  how  these companies  compete and which  companies are positioned  for success in the future.   

   Market Cap   Sales  Profit 

P/E    (Billions)  (Millions)  Margin    As of 11/12/2015  FY 2014  2016 

MSFT  $425.92  $86,451  25.53%  17.0 

ORCL  $164.74  $38,275  28.62%  13.4 

IBM  $129.06  $92,793  12.96%  8.7 

SAP  $94.81  $23,328  18.68%  18.9 

CRM  $51.33  $4,071  ‐5.70%  82.42 

Source: ORCL, IMB, SAP, MSFT, CRM 10‐K 

 Revenue/Employee  Software companies are not reliant on large amounts of capital to operate. The largest expense for software companies is often the salaries they pay their engineers and sales teams. How well a  company’s  human  capital  can  create  and  market  their products  can  be  analyzed  through  the  amount  of  revenue generated per employee.   

Page 5: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

5

 Source: ORCL, IMB, SAP, MSFT, CRM 10‐K 

 Microsoft  leads  the  peer  group  with  $675,398  of  revenue generated  per  employee  followed  by  Salesforce.com generating $404,029 of revenue per employee. Oracle sits in the middle of the peer group with $313,730 of revenue generated per employee. Salesforce.com is able to generate a high level of revenue  per  employee  because  their  entire  business model revolves  around  their  client  relations management  software. Having only one primary business segment allows CRM to staff less employees. In 2014 CRM had 13,300 employees compared to ORCL’s 122,000 and MSFT’s 128,000 employees.  Research and Design  Success in the software industry is closely tied to a company’s ability to innovate and create new products that are capable of solving unique business problems. For this innovation to occur, companies  need  to  expense  large  amounts  of  capital  on research  projects.  R&D  spending  also  shows  how  much  a management  team  is willing  to  invest  in  the  future  of  their company.    

R&D as a Percentage of Sales (FY 2014) 

CRM  ORCL  SAP  MSFT  IBM 

15.3%  13.5%  13.3%  13.2%  5.9% Source: ORCL, IMB, SAP, MSFT, CRM 10‐K 

 Salesforce.com  (CRM)  leads  the  peer  group  with  spending 15.3%  of  their  sales  on  research  and  design.  This  allocation equates to CRM spending $623.8 million on research and design in 2014. However in the long run, this level of R&D spending is not sustainable for CRM because they currently have negative operating  and  profit margins.  Oracle  comes  in  second  with spending  13.5%  of  sales  on  research  and  design  or  $5,151 million in 2014. Oracle’s management team has stated they are committed  to  spending  a  larger  portion  of  their  sales  on 

research  projects  in  order  to  lead  the  competition.  This commitment will  allow Oracle  to  continue  to  be  an  industry leader in innovation.   Profitability Margins  How efficiently a  company  can  create and  capture value  is a large  indicator  of  success  in  the  software  industry.  The  four major  software  companies,  ORCL,  MSFT,  SAP  and  IBM accounted for one third of the total software industry revenue in 2014V. Competition  is fierce putting downward pressure on margins.  However,  when  looking  at  operating  margins  and profitability margins ORCL emerges as the clear leader.   

 Source: ORCL, IMB, SAP, MSFT, CRM 10‐K 

 Oracle is the peer group leader in profitably margins. In 2014, ORCL  had  a  39.12%  operating  margin  and  a  28.62%  profit margin.  Microsoft  Corp.  came  in  second  with  a  31.71% operating margin and a 25.53% profit margin. CRM is left out of the discussion due to their negative profit margin and operating margin in 2014.   ORCL’s  clear  lead  on  profitability margins  is  a  result  of  their focus  on  high margin  product  lines.  In  2014,  77%  of ORCL’s revenue came from their software and cloud business (msft and orcl 10‐k). This business segment generated a 74.1% operating margin. ORCL’s  competitors derive  a  smaller portion of  their revenue from high margin product lines. For example, in 2014 MSFT generated only 70.9% of their  income from commercial and  consumer  software  and  cloud  licensing,  their  highest margin product line. Although MSFT’s comparable product line yields a higher operating margin at 90.1% it represents a smaller portion  of  their  total  revenue. MSFT  also  focuses  on  lower margin  business  lines. MSFT  generated  12.7%  of  their  2014 revenue from their Computer and Gaming Hardware and Phone and Tablet hardware product lines which had operating margins of 9.8% and 2.7% respectively.   Breaking  down  ORCL’s  revenues  further,  in  2014,  Software License  Updates  and  Product  Support  generated  $18,209 

$0

$100,000

$200,000

$300,000

$400,000

$500,000

$600,000

$700,000$675,398

$404,029

$313,730 $313,526$244,455

Revenue per EmployeeFY 2014

39.12%

31.81%28.58%

21.15%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

Oracle Corp. MicrosoftCorp.

SAP SE IBM

Profitability MarginsFY 2014

Operating Margin Profit Margin

Page 6: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

6

million or 47.5% of  their  total  revenue. This  is ORCL’s  largest business  segment  and  it  has  a  93.8%  operating  margin. Comparing  this  business  segment  to  SAP’s  Software  and Support  Business  line,  SAP  was  only  able  to  generate  an operating margin of 80.5% on the $14,855 million they earned in  2014.  ORCL  is  able  to  capture  higher  margins  on  their software business line because they are viewed as the market leader in enterprise software and the costs of switching major operational software systems can be costly. As of 2015, ORCL provides  at  least  one  of  its  services  to  all  Fortune  100 companies,  the  top 20  airlines  in  the world  as well  as major government agencies. Being viewed as the market  leader will allow ORCL to generate higher margins on their major business lines  as  well  as  weather  any  downward  pricing  pressures presented by their competitors.   International Sales  International  sales have  continued  to play a  large  role  in  the software  industry. Major  long‐term  growth  opportunities  lie outside of the United States and as a result, successful software companies are positioning themselves position to capture that growth.   

 Source: ORCL, IMB, SAP, MSFT, CRM 10‐K 

 SAP SE is domiciled in Germany therefore by nature they have a larger percentage of  their sales coming outside of  the United States.  After  SAP  SE,  IBM  records  65.5%  of  their  sales internationally  followed by ORCL  and MSFT  receiving  around 54% of their sales from  international customers. As the dollar continues  to  strengthen,  SAP  SE  will  benefit  from  being headquarter in Germany whereas IMB, ORCL, and MSFT will be hurt by the changes in foreign exchange rates.  Salesforce.com is best protected by exchange rate  fluctuations however they are  positioned  the  worst  to  capture  international  growth opportunities.  

Database Popularity   As the demand for cloud computing increases, the dependency on  physical  server’s  located  onsite  is  going  to  continue  to decline. Over the next 10 years it is projected that the database industry  is going  to  increase at an annualized  rate of 3.1%  (). These  offsite  databases  fulfil  the  same  needs  as  traditional onsite servers, however, they are a cheaper alternative because companies can eliminate their large IT departments. The rise of datacenters will  increase  the  availability  of  SaaS  and  create substantial  growth  opportunities  for  software  publishing companies.   

  According  to  a Barclay’s  research  report on  database  engine popularity, Oracle  is the clear  industry  leader. Of the 12 most popular database engines used around world, Oracle holds the top two spots with its Oracle Database and MySQL. MSFT’s SQL Server follows close behind and SAP’s Adaptive Server and SAP HANA are at the back of the packXI.   Having  an  already  familiar  and  reliable database  structure  in place will allow Oracle to address the increasing need for offsite data storage. In the near term this market position will slightly cannibalize  service  revenues  as  the  transition  to  offsite database  centers  reduces  their  customers’  needs  for  high  IT service  contracts. However,  in  the  long‐run  having  a  reliable cloud platform already established will allow Oracle to ability to effectively create and market different software solutions.     

  Oracle  Corporation  is  the  world  leader  in  integrated  cloud applications  and  platform  services. ORCL  specializes  in  cloud based  enterprise  software  and  database  structures.  ORCL captures  revenue  through  three  main  business  segments, 

0.0%

20.0%

40.0%

60.0%

80.0% 72.1%65.5%

54.7% 54.1%

28.0%

Percentage of International SalesFY 2014

Company Overview 

Page 7: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

7

software and cloud, hardware systems and IT services. For the fiscal  year ending May 31st, 2015, ORCL  reported  revenue of $38,226B  with  net  income  of  $9,938B.  YoY  revenue  slightly decreased  by  .13%  while  net  income  decreased  by  9.28%. Management  cited  promotional  timing  provisions  on  some major new contracts and unfavorable shifts in foreign currency exchange  rates  as  significant  factors  in  the $0.16  shortfall of earnings  report  in  FY  2015.  Oracle  has  not  beat  earning expectations in six straight quarters prior to Q1 of 2016.  

Earnings Per Share 

2011  2012  2013  2014  2015 

1.69  1.99  2.29  2.42  2.26 Source: ORCL 10‐K  

 ORCL has a healthy balance sheet. As of May 31, 2015, ORCL has $21,716B  in  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  32,652B  in marketable  securities.  The  cash  on  hand  allows  ORCL  the flexibility  to expand  its product portfolio  through acquisitions and intensive research and design programs. In 2013, 2014, and 2015, R&D costs accounted for 13.04%, 13.46%, and 14.45% of total sales respectively.    ORCL  sets  itself  apart  from  the  competition  by  engaging  in aggressive  research  and  design,  providing  a  holistic  suite  of software and  services and being  the  industry  leader  in  cloud computing.  Corporate Strategy  ORCL’s core business strategy is as follows: 1. Write  software  that  allows  customers  shorter  time  to 

innovation and is easy to manage and testI 2. Build  software  architecture  and  hardware  that  enables 

customers  to  reduce  costs  and  simplify  their  IT infrastructureI  

3. Design  secure data  structures  and management  systems that are flexible and scalableI 

4. Provide  technical  expertise  and  support  on  all  major business lines and productsI 

5. Invest  in  innovative products, services, and companies to enhance current portfolio lineI 

 

Revenue Breakdown  Although  Oracle  operates  predominantly  in  the  application software space, it provides its customers with a comprehensive suite of enterprise  information technology capabilities. Oracle derives  its  revenues  from  three  general  business  segments; cloud and software, hardware and  IT services. ORCL has over 400,000  customer  worldwideI.  However,  in  2013,  2014,  and 2015 ORCL was not engaged  in business with a customer that represented over 10% of  their  total  revenueI.   Historically,  for Oralce both revenue and operating margins   are higher  in the 

fourth quarter and lowest in the first quarter. This seaonality is a  result  of  how  ORCL  structures  their  sales  force  incentive compensation  plans.  Majority  of  ORCL’s  sales  force  is  only required to meet 15% of their sales quaota by the end of the first quarterII.  

 Source: ORCL 10‐K 

 Software and Cloud Business  The software and cloud business segment is the core of Oracle’s operation.  In 2015 it accounted for 77% of total revenues. This segment  can  be  further  broken  down  into  three  revenue streams which  include cloud software subscriptions, software licensing, and cloud infrastructure as a service.   The  application  software  industry  is  currently  experiencing  a drastic shift from traditional onsite software licensing to a more cloud based subscription model. Oracle is the leading provider of  cloud  abilities  in  the  software  industry  and  has  focused specifically  on  these  segments  in  order  to  capitalize  on increasing demand.   From 2013‐2015 Oracle saw a 9.31% decline  in new software licenses  revenue  illustrating  the  decrease  in  demand  for traditional onsite software licensing. This decline is largely due to  the  increased  interest  in  SaaS  and  software  subscriptions, which  has  seen  an  increase  of  63.19%  over  the  same  time period. Cloud infrastructure as a service is the third channel that makes  up Oracle’s  software  and  cloud  revenue  stream.  This segment has experienced growth as a result of Oracle’s ability to  successfully operate and market  their enterprise database infrastructure. We expect cloud  infrastructure as a  service  to display a slower growth rate than software subscriptions, but ultimately reach a 20% annual growth rate.      Traditional licensing revenue made up 49.3% of total software and  cloud  revenue  in  2015.  Despite  a  long‐term  decreasing growth  outlook  on  Oracle’s  largest  revenue  segment,  we predict  that  they will  still maintain  constant  revenue  stream attributed to licensing of around $19 billion. Oracle has pivoted their  corporate  vision  to  concentrate  on  their  cloud 

77%

14%

9%

Revenue BreakdownFY 2015

Software and CloudBusinessHardware Systems

Service Business

Page 8: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

8

infrastructure and SaaS. We expect to see the development of an advanced cloud suite to return over a 20% YoY growth rate for the next three years.   Moving  towards  cloud  based  SaaS  introduces  an  alternative pricing model based on periodic subscriptions fees. Majority of traditional  software  licensing  revenue  is  received  through periodic licensing updates. This model tends to create a cyclical inconsistency  in revenue stability. As cloud based SaaS grows, the subscription pricing model will also continue to increase as a  proportion  of  overall  revenue.  This  transition will  create  a more stabilized revenue stream for Oracle.   Oracle’s profitability on their software and cloud channel is the highest of  the  three business  segments.  The  firm  reported  a gross profit margin of 72.53% in 2015. The cloud software and cloud infrastructure as a service lines have gross profit margins of 34.62% and 31.25% respectively, which are upward trending. Sales  and  marketing  costs  associated  with  these  revenue streams  have  been  extremely  high  as  the  company makes  a push  to  launch  its  cloud  offerings.  As Oracle  facilitates  their client’s  transition  to  cloud  products,  we  will  see  less promotional and  sales  incentives.  In 2015, Software  licensing has a gross profit margin of 94.01%, which  is expected  to be sustained given low update costs.   On  a  forward  looking  note  we  predict  that  the  decreased demand  for  software  licensing  contracts  will  be  largely supported by Oracle’s ability to successfully attract customers seeking  cloud based  software.     We  see  this  keeping  overall revenue at modest levels of organic growth.  Hardware Systems  As a part of Oracle’s comprehensive technology offerings, they provide hardware to clients for on premise enterprise systems. Between the company’s sales of hardware system products and hardware support, Oracle generated $5,205 million in segment revenue for fiscal year 2015. This amount comprised of 14% of the firm’s total revenue. Hardware revenue is earned through the  direct  and  indirect  selling  of  products  and  service maintenance  fees.  Revenue  from  this  channel  declined  by 3.11%  in  2015,  continuing  the  company’s  struggle  to  sustain growth  in  the business  segment. Oracle’s hardware products and services provide the company with a gross profit margin of 40.26% in fiscal year 2015.    ORCL’s hardware systems business segment will likely continue to decline due to the decrease of on premise isolated network infrastructure and an increase in demand for cloud computing.  Service Business   Oracle’s service business segment represented 9% of the total revenue  in  2015I.  It  is  comprised  of  three  subcategories, 

consulting,  advanced  customer  support  services,  and educational  services.  Consulting  and  advanced  customer support  revenue  is  generated  by  on  premise  training  and educational  customer  seminars.  All  three  business subcategories are fee based structures.  YoY segment revenue fell 4% to $3,546 billion in 2015 from $3,704 billion in 2014. This decline was  largely  a  result  of  an  unfavorable  currency  rate fluctuation.   Marginally,  the  service  segment  is  the  lowest of Oracle’s channels, returning a gross profit margin of 20.69% in fiscal  year  2015.  We  expect  this  margin  to  decrease  going forward, as the cost wages rise for the technology industry.   ORCL’s  service  business  will  struggle  in  the  future  as  its revenues are closely related to hardware systems sales.   

Catalysts for Growth and Change  Oracle’s  newer  versions  of  application  software  has  the potential to provide the company an attractive edge amongst its  competitors.  The  company’s  ability  to  effectively market their new software and product cycle,  through a subscription format, will provide  continued  growth of billing  and booking figures, allowing  the  company  to capture  transition  revenues from  implementing  cloud‐based  software.  Moreover,  when transitioning  a  company  from  traditional  licensing  to  a  cloud subscription‐based services, Oracle is securing a stable channel of revenue for the long‐term. Companies have the opportunity to change providers as  they switch  to cloud, but Oracle must maintain a versatile  integration environment among products and services to ensure retention of customers.   

Key Investment Pros and Cons  

Positives  Oracle  is primed  to  capitalize on growth  in  cloud  software. Demand for reliable cloud computing software is expended to significantly increase over the next ten years. Oracle has been a leading provider of cloud software and over the last three years has made a suite of cloud base products available to enterprises across the world. The acceptance of the cloud technology has an extremely high ceiling and Oracle  is  first  in  line to capture growth.   Oracle will continue to provide income and low downside risk in volatile periods. Their revenue stream produces a substantial amount of cash through license updates and will become more stable going forward as subscription based revenue  increases.  These quality  revenue streams support  the company’s strong balance sheet and provides a dividend to investors at a rate of 1.65%. The stock has a  low beta at 1.115 and operates  in an industry  that  typically  performs  well  in  times  of  economic downturn.   

Page 9: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

9

Negatives  Continued misses  in  cloud  revenue  estimates  combine with extensive  new  licensing  revenue  decline  will  prove problematic, increased operational leverage. Oracle has issued over $17 billion in long‐term debt between fiscal year 2014 and 2015, increasing their debt to equity ratio to 85.46% (FY 2015). Although  Oracle  currently  maintains  fair  liquidity  levels,  a failure to capitalize on the cloud transition over the next two to four years will cause operational financial issues.     A history of major acquisitions has limited Oracle to low level organic  growth  forward  looking  and  exposed  them  to competitor’s  innovation. Growth by acquisitions  is extremely pricey and often  leads  to  little  increase  in  shareholder value. Oracle  lacks  the  internal  ability  to  develop  cutting  edge products  that  spur  the organic growth needed  to  see  sizable capital appreciation long‐term. The company is also subject to the  increased  popularity  of  open‐source  code.  As  smaller competitors continue to make software that is available for the public  to  utilize,  there  is  an  increasing  threat  of  superior innovation that Oracle is unable to match.  

  Valuation Summary  We  recommend  a  HOLD  rating  for  Oracle  Corporation. We arrived  at  our  decision  after  evaluating  multiple  valuation methodologies  including  enterprise  DCF,  economic  profit, relative valuation and dividend discount model.   The DCF and EP  models  estimate  an  intrinsic  share  price  of  $50.50.  The application software and general large cap technology relative valuation P/E model estimates an intrinsic share price of $46.36 and $38.79  respectively. Lastly,  the DDM model estimates an intrinsic stock price of $41.46. The major assumptions made in the different model are discussed in the following section.   Revenue Decomposition   Oracle’s  revenue  can  be  decomposed  into  three  different segments. The company generates revenue from software and cloud, hardware and IT service. Our estimate for each of these operating segments is grounded in our comprehensive analysis of key economic factors and various  industry dynamics. While forecasting revenue we placed significant consideration on both domestic  GDP  growth  and  foreign  GDP  growth,  as  well  as Oracle’s ability to capitalize on future software trends.   We forecasted overall software and cloud revenue to decrease by  ‐0.34%  in  fiscal  year  2016,  which  was  compressed  by disappointing new software  license revenue. When predicting short‐term software and cloud revenue we considered Q1 fiscal year 2016 earrings  reported on 9/16/2015 as well as  specific 

management guidance. Our estimate was based on the analysis of Oracle’s three software and cloud subdivisions. In Q1 of 2016 Oracle reported cloud revenue of $611 million, a 29% increase YoY  from Q1  2015. Additionally, Oracle’s  cloud  revenue was largely muted due to a decline in on premise software revenue. Q1 on premise software revenues was reported at $5.85 billion, a  4.00%  decrease  YoY.  This  decrease  in  revenue  was attributable to a steep decline in new software license revenue of ‐16% YoY.  Cloud  based  offerings  are  projected  to  capture  revenue increases  of  22.26%  in  fiscal  year  2016  from  early  adopters seeking to become more efficient with their software. Firms are also incentivized to switch a portion of their operations to the cloud to reduce the amount of  IT service spending. Our  long‐term forecast of cloud estimates that stabilize around 12% after peaking in 2017. A significant variable in this prediction is both domestic and foreign GDP. We believe that companies are likely to  make  this  transition  given  the  stable  economic  growth domestically.  Foreign  enterprises  are  expected  to  lag  slightly behind  domestic  investments  in  software,  given  current economic instability and lack of cloud infrastructure already in place. This difference  in timing was the reason for our slightly lower growth rates, but supported our sustained level of growth into the 2020’s.  We have also  forecast Oracle’s on premise software  licensing revenue  to  decline  in  the  near‐term  as  businesses  begin  to adopt  the  cloud  software  technologies.  On  a  longer‐term horizon we believe that software  licensing revenue will find a floor after the transition to cloud software has occurred. We do not  believe  that  cloud  will  become  the  only  source  of application  software  because  of  the  benefits  from  a  hybrid enterprise structure. Firms are more diversified and have better security  if they are able to operate a dual structure. We have forecasted  between  0.00%  and  1.00%  growth  in  overall  on premise software licensing growth from 2019 to 2025.   Despite  a  forecasted  decrease  in  overall  software  and  cloud revenue  in  fiscal  year  2016, we  anticipate  revenue  to  climb 2.57% YoY in fiscal year 2017. This growth is primarily driven by strong growth in the cloud segment revenues, posting YoY grow of 22.26%, 31.24%, 36.55% in fiscal years 2016, 2017, and 2018. We view the application software industry as an aspect of the overall  economy  that  will  continue  to  be  leveraged  in  the advancement of  technology. We  anticipate overall  long‐term software and cloud revenues to see modest single digit growth through 2025, with its highest revenues in years 2017 through 2021.  We forecasted hardware revenue to contract by 5.00% in fiscal year  2016,  as  a  result  of  continued  transition  away  from  on premise software servers. We anticipate this trend to carry into 2017.  However,  many  companies  are  resorting  to  a  hybrid structure that operates on a dual system using both an onsite 

Valuation Analysis 

Page 10: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

10

storage  feature,  as well  as  a  cloud  functionality. As  a  result, Oracle’s hardware revenue will begin to grow at a rate of 1.00%‐2.0% through 2025.   Our model predicts a 3.00% decrease  in  IT service revenue  in fiscal year 2016. This estimate  is tied heavily to the growth of hardware  sales.  On  premise  servers  require  a  substantial amount  of  maintenance.  Many  companies  have  chosen  to eliminate the cost of  IT services by transitioning to the cloud. When moving operations to the cloud, corporations are able to significantly  scale  back  their  IT  departments  by  placing  the responsibility of upkeep on Oracle. We anticipate that service revenue will maintain a downward trend, until picking back up in  2020  as  a  result  of  continued  complexity  of  tailoring enterprise software to fit business operations.  We forecasted service revenue growth to reach 3.00% by 2025.    Dividends/Payout Ratio  When  forecasting the amount dividend paid  in our model we chose to keep the payout ratio constant at 23%, its 2015 fiscal year payout ratio. This allowed dividends to grow based on the assumptions we made in revenue outlook and commit sufficient capital for investments into the business.       Income Statement Assumptions  Cost of Goods Sold  We accounted for cost of goods sold in our model by growing the expense as a three year moving average as a percentage of sales. We chose this approach to forecasting because we believe that historical costs will accurately represent the cost of future goods sold.  Cost  of  goods  sold maintains  relatively  constant  around 17% through our forecast to out to 2025. We do anticipate that margins over time will increase as Oracle become more efficient with  managing  their  costs  of  production.  However,  as competition  in the cloud software space  intensifies, we expect that  Oracle will  experience  a  decrease  in  pricing  in  effort  to sustain market share.   SG&A  Selling, general and administration expenses were forecasted in our model  using  a  three  year moving  historical  average  as  a percentage  of  sales. We  feel  that  this will  accurately  portray forward  looking  SG&A  expenses because Oracle’s  sales  teams works on a commission basis that is proportional to sales. SG&A expenses make up 22% of sales for the ten forecasted years of our model.    Interest Expense  Interest expense was accounted  for  in our model by using  the previous year’s balance of long‐term debt and multiplying it by 

the company’s pre‐tax cost of debt. We estimated Oracle’s cost of debt by pulling the YTM of 4.702% on a callable bond maturing in 2055 with a coupon payment of 4.375%. We chose this specific bond  because  it  was  the  security  with  the  longest  duration available.  The  longest  maturity  most  closely  matches  our attempt to value a company that theoretically will be in business forever. Our model experience over a $700 million  increase  in interest  expense  in  fiscal  year  2016  due  the  company’s  large addition of long‐term debt in 2015.   Balance Sheet Assumptions  Cash and ST Investments  Cash  was  calculated  through  the  changes  in  the  cash  flow statement. A notable change  in ORCL’s cash balance occurred in  2015 when  they  issued  $19.8  billion  in  long‐term  debt  to finance  the  acquisition  of Micros.  This  addition  in  long‐term debt  caused  cash  as  a  percentage  of  sales  to  increase  from 46.4% in 2014 to 56.81% in 2015. We believe this high level of cash  compared  to  sales  will  slowly  decline  overtime  do  to ORCL’s  constant  dividend  payout  ratio  of  23.00%  and  their share repurchase plan.  Short‐term  investments  were  calculated  by  talking  the beginning balance of the account and growing it by a constant rate. ORCL’s short‐term investment are held in extremely short term  and  liquid  securities.  Therefore,  we  grew  these investments  at  the  1  year  US  Treasury  Bill  which  as  of 11/13/2015 was yielding 0.50%.   Other Current Asset Accounts  There  were  a  number  of  current  asset  accounts  that  we projected to grow at a historical three year moving average as a percentage of sales.  This formula was applied to the following accounts: Accounts receivables, other receivables,  inventories and other current assets. This method was chosen because as Oracle’s  revenue grows,  these accounts will  increase at same proportion they grew at historically.   Property Plant and Equipment  From 2013 to 2015 Oracle saw a 26.73% increase in their gross property plant and equipment account. This level of growth was higher than their 10 year average of 8.52%.  The large increase was  attributed  to  heavier  than  usual  capital  expenditure spending due to the buildup out of their cloud  infrastructure. Management’s  guidance  has  stated  that  their  cloud infrastructure build out is nearly complete and after 2016 their gross property plant and equipment account will grow at a more moderate place. To accomplish this, we projected that capital expenditures will grow at a moderate pace of 8.00% until 2025. This level of capital expenditure growth was chosen because it represents  the  historical  average  and  it  allows  Oracle  to 

Page 11: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

11

preform necessary systematic hardware updates on their cloud infrastructure as new hardware technologies are adopted.   Goodwill  In  the  past, Oracle  has  pursued  large  acquisitions. However, when  evaluating  their  financial  position  in  the  DCF  and  EP models we valued only  the assets  they currently had  in  their possession  as  of  11/13/2015. We  felt  trying  to  anticipate  a future acquisition’s scale, timing and how it would flow through Oracle’s  financial  statements would decrease  the accuracy of our models.    Debt  Oracle’s short‐term debt was projected until 2019 based on a debt schedule provided by management. From 2020 until 2025 a fixed historical average of short‐term debt as a percentage of long‐term  debt  was  used  to  calculate  short‐term  debt.  This approach was used because we believe the Oracle will carry the same level of short‐term debt as a percentage of long‐term debt going  forward.  Oracle’s  five  year  short‐term  debt  as  a percentage of long‐term debt is 11.43% and in 2025 their CV of short‐term debt as a percentage of long‐term debt is 11.81%. Joint Ventures  Oracle has a minority interest in a small joint venture. In 2015 this  stake was worth  $435 million. We  grew  this  venture  at Oracle’s historical three year average of return on assets which was 11.48%. We felt this number best represented what Oracle required their assets to yield in return.   Share Repurchase Plan   Over the last three years, Oracle has repurchased on average, $9,640 million worth of shares. Management has stated their latest round of stock repurchases is set to complete in 2016.  At the end of 2015 they still had to repurchase balance of $9,200 million worth of stock. Management’s guidance also stated that they are confident  they will continue  their stock  repurchased program.  Therefore  after  2016,  we  projected  Oracle  will repurchase  $8,950  million  worth  of  stock  every  year.  This amount was chosen by taking a four year average of historical stock repurchases.    Weighted Average Cost of Capital  Cost of Equity  To calculate Oracle’s cost of equity, we used the Capital Asset Pricing Model.  The beta input we used was a five year average of Oracle’s weekly betas. We obtained these raw numbers from Bloomberg. The average five year weekly beta for Oracle is 1.20 which  we  believe  is  an  accurate  representation  of  Oracle’s operational risks.  

The risk free rate we used was the 30 year US Treasury Bond which was yielding 3.06% as of 11/13/2015. We used this rate because our models are constructed around a  long‐term time horizon.  The  market  risk  premium  we  used  in  our  cost  of  equity calculation was 4.62%. This number represents the geometric average excess return of the S&P 500 over the yield on the 30 year treasury from 1928‐2014.   Based on these assumptions, we calculated the cost of equity for Oracle to be 8.60%.   Cost of Debt  To determine the pre‐tax cost of debt for Oracle, we chose the yield‐to‐maturity on their longest outstanding debt instrument. For Oracle, this was a callable bond maturing in 2055. The bond is  callable  in  2054  and  the  yield‐to‐maturity  is  4.702%.  Therefore  Oracle’s  pretax  cost  of  debt  as  of  11/13/2015  is 4.702%.  To determine the marginal  tax rate used  to  find  the after  tax cost  of  debt we  calculated  a  three  year  average  of Oracle’s marginal tax rate which was found in their 10‐K. This calculation gave us a marginal tax rate of 21.37% and an after tax cost of debt of 3.70%.  Management  did  not  provide  guidance  on  a  target  capital structure. Therefore, we kept Oracle’s capital market structure constant. To calculate  their current capital structure we used the current book value of short‐term and  long‐term debt, the present value of operating leases and the current market value of equity. By doing this, we arrived at a 21.01% debt and 78.99% of equity weighting.   WACC  Using  these  assumptions,  we  calculated  Oracle’s  weighted average cost of capital to be 7.57% as of 11/13/2015. This cost of  capital  was  used  to  discount  cash  flows  throughout  all forecasted periods in our DCF model.   Discounted Cash Flows and Economic Profit  The Discounted Free Cash Flows and Economic Profit valuation models  produced  an  intrinsic  stock  price  of  $48.95.  After adjusting for the passage of time since 05/31/2015 the DCF and EP  models  projected  a  stock  price  of  $50.50.  This  price represents  a 35.36% upside  in  capital  gains over  the  current share price of $37.30 as of 11/13/2015.  The upside in capital gains presented by the DCF and EP models arises  from  the  following  factors:  Oracle’s  position  as  the market leader in enterprise software, Oracle’s substantial lead 

Page 12: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

12

in profitability margins amongst direct peer  comparisons and Oracle’s popularity with their cloud and data infrastructure.   Dividend Discount Model  The dividend discount model generated an intrinsic stock price of $41.44. This represents an 11.10% income premium over the current stock price of $37.70 as of 11/13/2015.  We believe that the dividend discount model is not an accurate representation of the intrinsic value of Oracle’s stock. Although Oracle  pays  a  significant  dividend,  they  have  had  sporadic growth in their dividend per share over the last five years. This inconsistent growth makes it challenging to accurately predict an appropriate dividend payout ratio and for that reason we are not using the DDM to valuate Oracle.   Relative P/E  To value Oracle based on comparable firms, we used a forward price to earnings ratio because  it  is able to capture the pricing premium company’s trade at in the technology industry. Given the high growth nature of  technology companies, we  felt  that understanding  the cost basis associated with a  firm’s earnings provides  insight  to value creating amongst Oracle’s peers. We additionally  considered  a  firm’s  operational  risk  and  future growth alongside price to earnings levels in order to develop a valuation consensus.   Oracle  separates  itself  from  pure  play  application  software companies given its $160 billion market cap and its involvement in the hardware and IT service space.  As a result, we computed two separate relative price to earnings valuation  models  to  determine  Oracle’s  position  in  the application software industry and general large cap technology companies.  The  group  of  comparable  application  software companies  included  highlights  such  as  Salesforce.com,  SAP, Microsoft,  and  Intuit.  These  firms  represented  the  core producers  in  the  application  software  arena.  We  ultimately excluded  salesforce  from  the  valuation  calculation  due  to  its forward P/E ratio of 103.6. Our second relative P/E valuation was made  up  of  technology  stocks  having  a market  capitalization over  $48  billion.  Highlights  of  the  comparable  group  include Cisco  Systems,  Intel  Corp,  Apple,  IBM  and  Microsoft.  We excluded  IBM  from  our  valuation  calculation  because  of  the company’s  low  forward P/E ratio of 8.8.  In addition to market cap, this peer group was compiled by identifying market leaders in their respective industries of the technology sector.        Our  relative P/E  valuation models produced an  intrinsic  stock price of $38.79 from the large cap tech sample and $46.36 from the  application  software  sample.  Oracle’s  forward  P/E  was forecasted at 14.6, which is below the average software ratio of 18.3 and below the large cap tech ratio of 15.2.  

The model suggests that Oracle trades a lower price to earnings multiple than both application software competitors and major large  cap  technology players. We  feel  the  valuation provided from  the  application  software  does  not  accurately  represent Oracle’s  true value. Oracles price  to earnings  ratio  is  lower  in comparison  to  this sample because  it  is a strongly established software provider and large licensing revenue stream. Several of the companies  included  in the valuation are relatively younger companies that have very high expectations, which has driven up their earnings multiple.  However, we feel the intrinsic stock price of the large cap technology valuation accurately represents a  fair  value  of Oracle  Corporation. We  believe  this  valuation more  accurately  represents  the  company’s  instruct  value because of Oracle’s positioning atop the software industry. This peer  group  of  technology  subindustry  leaders  tends  to  trade together which produces an accurate valuation metrics.   We ultimately used the relative P/E of  large cap technology as the basis  for our  target price range and recommendation. We believe based on our intrinsic price of 38.79, Oracle is currently underpriced  providing  a  margin  of  safety  of  only  3.99%. Although  there  is  room  potential  capital  appreciation,  we believe that the company presents a significant amount of risk given  evolution  of  their  software  revenue  structure.  This transition has been costly  for Oracle and with expected  lower revenues  in  fiscal  year  2016,  increased  leverage  may  prove problematic.  In  addition,  the  looming  uncertainties  of  cloud computing growth paired with increase competition in the cloud market  could  cannibalize Oracle’s market  share  affecting  the overall profitability of the firm. Based on this valuation we have deem Oracle a Hold, with a target price range of $37.79 ‐ $39.79.   Sensitivity Analysis  An  important  part  of  analyzing  Discounted  Cash  Flow  and Economic Profit models  it preforming a  sensitivity analysis on the assumptions that are made throughout the calculations. This importance derives from the weight CV assumptions have on the output of the models. We evaluated our key assumptions in our DCF  and  EP models  by  looking  at  sensitivity  tables  and  how different input levels effect the intrinsic price.   CV Growth of NOPLAT vs. Beta  To find the CV value in the DCF and EP models a steady state of growth  needs  to  be  chosen  for NOPLAT. We  assumed Oracle would achieve steady state in 2025 where the growth in NOPLAT would  be  2.97%.  This  growth  would  be  on  par  with  our forecasted Real GDP growth for the United States.   By analyzing the CV Growth of NOPLAT vs. Beta sensitivity table it  is  evident  that  holding  all  equal,  if  the  CV  growth  rate assumption increases from 2.97% to 3.97%, a 1.00% increase, the intrinsic value of Oracle’s stock will increase to $58.16, a 15.19% change. In price.  Similarly, if the CV growth rate falls to 1.97%, a 

Page 13: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

13

1.00% decrease, the intrinsic value of Oracle’s stock will decrease to $45.56, a 9.76% change  in price.   A small change  in  the CV growth rate assumption has a large effect on the intrinsic value of the stock. This sensitivity stresses the importance of choosing a CV growth rate that takes into the consideration the long‐term growth projection of  the United States economy. Through our economic  analysis  we  believe  a  CV  growth  rate  of  2.97% represents a proper growth outlook.   In our DCF and EP models, the beta we used to find the cost of equity  in Oracle’s weighted average  cost of  capital  calculation was 1.20.  Changing a firm’s beta effects the discount rate used in  the DCF and EP models  thus effecting  the  intrinsic value of their stock.   Holding all else equal,  if Oracles beta  increases 30 basis points to 1.50 the intrinsic price per share would decrease to  $40.96,  an  18.9%  decrease  in  price.  This  change  can  be explained by the capital structure used in the WACC calculation. Oracle has a 21.01% debt and 78.99% equity capital structure. This high weighting in equity plays a large role in determining the WACC. However, when  comparing a  change  in  the CV growth rate to a change in beta, it is clear that the CV growth rare plays a larger role in effecting the intrinsic value of stock.   WACC vs. CV ROIC  One  of  the  major  inputs  in  the  DCF  and  EP  models  is  the weighted average cost of capital. This rate  is used to discount the  free  cash  flows  and  economic  profit.  In  simple  terms,  a higher WACC would produce a  lower present value of  future cash flows and a lower WACC would produce a higher present values of future cash flow.   Oracle has a weighted average cost of capital of 7.57%. Holding all else equal, by increasing Oracle’s WACC by 40 basis point or 7.97%, the  intrinsic price  fall 8.07%  to $45.75.  If  the WACC  is decreased 40 basis points or 5.3%, the intrinsic price increases 7.8% to $46.42. From this analysis it is apparent that the price of  the  stock  is more  sensitive  to  increases  in  the WACC  than decreases. Taking this into consideration if the Federal Reserve engages in larger than anticipated interest rate hikes in the near term, Oracle’s price performance will suffer because the 30 year US Treasury Bond  plays a large role in determining the WACC.   Return  on  Invested  Capital  plays  an  important  role  in determining  the  continuing  value  for  the  Economic  Profit model. ROIC is calculated using the formula NOPLATt/ICt‐1. For the EP model, we used a CV ROIC of 26.80%.   Holding all else equal,  if  the CV ROIC  increases 4.00%  to 30.80%  the  intrinsic value  per  share would  increase  from  $50.50  to  $51.05.  This increase only represents a 1.10% change in price. Compared to the other assumptions tested, CV ROIC has the smallest impact on Oracle’s intrinsic value of stock.     

Equity Risk Premium vs. Risk‐Free Rate  Two major factors that go into finding the cost of equity used in the WACC calculation are the risk‐free rate and the equity risk premium. As of 11/13/2015 the DCF model used a 4.62% equity risk premium and a 3.06% risk‐free rate. These two assumption are  critical  in  Oracle’s  WACC  calculation  which  is  used  to discount their future cash flows in the DCF and EP models.   Currently,  the  United  States  is  experiencing  artificially  low interest  rates.   As  the economy  continues  to  strengthen and unemployment  stays  low,  we  anticipate  the  US  will  see  a modest  interest  rates  rise  throughout  2016.  Therefore,  we wanted to test how a rising  interest rate environment affects the intrinsic value of Oracle’s stock. Holding all else equal, if the risk‐free rate increases 1.00% to 3.46% the intrinsic value of the stock will decrease 14.56% to $43.14. Similarly, if the risk‐free rate fall by 1.00% to 2.06% the intrinsic value of the stock will increase by 20.43% to $60.81%.   The equity risk premium also plays a major role calculating the cost of equity. Holding all else equal, if the equity risk premium increases by 1.00% to 5.62% the intrinsic value of Oracle’s stock will decrease by 16.73% to $42.05. Likewise,  if the equity risk premium decreases by 1.00%  to  3.62%  the  intrinsic  value of Oracle’s  stock will  increase by 25.39%  to $63.31. Changes  in both the risk‐free rate and equity risk premium result  in  large price fluctuations in the intrinsic value of Oracle’s stock. This is due to the high weight of equity and low weight of debt used to calculate Oracle’s WACC. As of 11/13/2015 this capital structure was a 21.01% debt and 78.99% of equity weighting.   Capital Expenditures  Capital  expenditures  play  a  large  role  in  determining  future organic growth. Throughout our forecasted period we assumed a  capital  expenditure  growth  rate  of  8.00%. We  made  this assumption based on a 10 year historical average. If the capex growth rate increases by 2.00% to 10.00% the intrinsic value per share would decrease by 2.40% to $49.29.  Likewise, if the capex rate were to fall by 2.00% to 6.00% the intrinsic value per share would  increase  by  2.13%  to  $52.07.  As Oracle  finishes  their cloud infrastructure build out, we are confident that their capex growth rate will return to historical levels.  

         

Page 14: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

14

Important Disclaimer  This  report was  created  by  students  enrolled  in  the  Security Analysis (6F:112) class at the University of Iowa. The report was originally  created  to  offer  an  internal  investment recommendation for the University of Iowa Krause Fund and its advisory  board.  The  report  also  provides  potential  employers and other  interested parties an example of the students’ skills, knowledge and abilities.   Members of the Krause Fund are not registered  investment  advisors,  brokers  or  officially  licensed financial professionals. The investment advice contained in this report does not represent an offer or solicitation to buy or sell any of the securities mentioned. Unless otherwise noted, facts and  figures  included  in  this  report  are  from publicly  available sources. This report is not a complete compilation of data, and its accuracy is not guaranteed. From time to time, the University of Iowa, its faculty, staff, students, or the Krause Fund may hold a financial interest in the companies mentioned in this report. 

 Sources I. Oracle Corporation 2015 10‐K. 9/23/2015 II. Murphy, Mark. “Deep‐Dive Partner Interviews Show a 

Wide Range of Opinions as Could Offering Evolve,” J.P.Morgan, Sept 16, 2015, available from Thomson One, Accessed Sept 21, 2015.  

III. Lenschow, Raimo. “Slow Cloud Progess; Waiting for 2H,” Barclays, Sept 17, 2015, available from Thomson One, Accessed Sept 21, 2015. 

IV. Egbert, Katherine. “Q1:FY16 Preview: Continued Transistion to Subscription‐Based Cloud Revenue,” PiperJaffray, Sept 11, 2015, available from Thomson One, Accessed Sept 21, 2015. 

V. IBISWorld United States, Sept 21, 2015, retrieved from http://clients1.ibisworld.com/ 

VI. Columbus, Louis. “Roundup on Cloud Computing Forecasts and Market Estimate, 2015”. Forbes. (24 Jan 2015). Retrieved from: http://www.forbes.com/sites/louiscolumbus/2015/01/24/roundup‐of‐cloud‐computing‐forecasts‐and‐market‐estimates‐2015/ 

VII. http://investor.oracle.com/financial‐news/financial‐news‐details/2015/Cloud‐SaaS‐and‐PaaS‐Revenues‐up‐34‐in‐US‐Dollars‐and‐up‐38‐in‐Constant‐Currency/default.aspx 

VIII. Trading economics IX. http://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/global‐

economic‐prospects/regional‐outlooks X. S&P Capital IQ, November 13, 2015. Retrieved from 

https://www.capitaliq.com/CIQDotNet/Login.aspx XI. Lenschow, Raimo. “Database Market Remains in 

Focus,” Barclays, Sept 17, 2015, available from Thomson One, Accessed Sept 21, 2015. 

XII. Microsoft Corporation 2015 10‐K. 9/23/2015 XIII. SAP SE 2015 10‐K. 9/25/2015 

XIV. International Business Machines Corporation 2015 10‐K. 9/23/2015  

Page 15: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

Oracle Corporation

Revenue Decomposition

Fiscal Years Ending May 31, 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E

Revenues:

New Software Licences 9,906.00 9,411.00 9,416.00 8,535.00 7,596.15 7,368.27 7,220.90 7,148.69 7,077.20 7,147.98 7,219.46 7,291.65 7,364.57 7,438.21

YoY Growth 7.27% ‐5.00% 0.05% ‐9.36% ‐11.00% ‐3.00% ‐2.00% ‐1.00% ‐1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00%

Cloud Software as a Service and Platform as a Service 0.00 910.00 1,121.00 1,485.00 1,856.25 2,505.94 3,508.31 4,209.98 5,051.97 5,683.47 6,251.81 6,876.99 7,564.69 8,321.16

YoY Growth 23.19% 32.47% 25.00% 35.00% 40.00% 20.00% 20.00% 12.50% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00%

Cloud Infrastructure as a Service 0.00 457.00 456.00 608.00 699.20 839.04 1,048.80 1,258.56 1,447.34 1,628.26 1,831.79 2,198.15 2,417.97 2,611.41

YoY Growth ‐0.22% 33.33% 15.00% 20.00% 25.00% 20.00% 15.00% 12.50% 12.50% 20.00% 10.00% 8.00%

Software License Updates 16,210.00 17,142.00 18,206.00 18,847.00 19,223.94 19,416.18 19,610.34 19,806.44 20,004.51 20,004.51 19,804.46 19,606.42 19,410.36 19,216.25

YoY Growth 9.56% 5.75% 6.21% 3.52% 2.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 0.00% ‐1.00% ‐1.00% ‐1.00% ‐1.00%

Software and Cloud Revenues 26,116.00 27,920.00 29,199.00 29,475.00 29,375.54 30,129.42 31,388.35 32,423.67 33,581.03 34,464.21 35,107.53 35,973.22 36,757.58 37,587.03

YoY Growth 8.68% 6.91% 4.58% 0.95% ‐0.34% 2.57% 4.18% 3.30% 3.57% 2.63% 1.87% 2.47% 2.18% 2.26%

Hardware system products 3,827.00 3,033.00 2,976.00 2,825.00 2,683.75 2,603.24 2,655.30 2,708.41 2,762.58 2,790.20 2,818.10 2,846.29 2,874.75 2,903.50

YoY Growth ‐12.67% ‐20.75% ‐1.88% ‐5.07% ‐5.00% ‐3.00% 2.00% 2.00% 2.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00%

Hardware systems support 2,475.00 2,313.00 2,396.00 2,380.00 2,261.00 2,170.56 2,213.97 2,258.25 2,303.42 2,326.45 2,349.71 2,373.21 2,396.94 2,420.91

YoY Growth ‐3.40% ‐6.55% 3.59% ‐0.67% ‐5.00% ‐4.00% 2.00% 2.00% 2.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00%

Hardware systems Revenue 6,302.00 5,346.00 5,372.00 5,205.00 4,944.75 4,773.80 4,869.27 4,966.66 5,065.99 5,116.65 5,167.82 5,219.50 5,271.69 5,324.41

YoY Growth ‐9.25% ‐15.17% 0.49% ‐3.11% ‐5.00% ‐3.46% 2.00% 2.00% 2.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00%

Services Revenue 4,703.00 3,914.00 3,704.00 3,546.00 3,439.62 3,336.43 3,303.07 3,270.04 3,302.74 3,368.79 3,436.17 3,539.25 3,645.43 3,754.79

YoY Growth 1.21% ‐16.78% ‐5.37% ‐4.27% ‐3.00% ‐3.00% ‐1.00% ‐1.00% 1.00% 2.00% 2.00% 3.00% 3.00% 3.00%

Total Revenue 37,121.00 37,180.00 38,275.00 38,226.00 37,759.91 38,239.65 39,560.69 40,660.37 41,949.76 42,949.66 43,711.51 44,731.97 45,674.71 46,666.24

YoY Growth 4.21% 0.16% 2.95% ‐0.13% ‐1.22% 1.27% 3.45% 2.78% 3.17% 2.38% 1.77% 2.33% 2.11% 2.17%

2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E

YoY Growth Projections

Software and Cloud Revenue

New Software Licences ‐11.00% ‐3.00% ‐2.00% ‐1.00% ‐1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00%

Cloud as a Service & PaaS 25.00% 35.00% 40.00% 20.00% 20.00% 12.50% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00%

Cloud Infrastructure as a Service 15.00% 20.00% 25.00% 20.00% 15.00% 12.50% 12.50% 20.00% 10.00% 8.00%

Software License 2.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 0.00% ‐1.00% ‐1.00% ‐1.00% ‐1.00%

Hardware Systems Revenue

Hardware System Products ‐5.00% ‐3.00% 2.00% 2.00% 2.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00%

Hardware System Support ‐5.00% ‐4.00% 2.00% 2.00% 2.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00%

Serivce Revenue ‐3.00% ‐3.00% ‐1.00% ‐1.00% 1.00% 2.00% 2.00% 3.00% 3.00% 3.00%

% of Total Revenue

Revenues:

New Software Licences 26.69% 25.31% 24.60% 22.33% 20.12% 19.27% 18.25% 17.58% 16.87% 16.64% 16.52% 16.30% 16.12% 15.94%YoY Growth

Cloud Software as a Service and Platform as a Service

0.00% 2.45% 2.93% 3.88% 4.92% 6.55% 8.87% 10.35% 12.04% 13.23% 14.30% 15.37% 16.56% 17.83%YoY Growth

Cloud Infrastructure as a Service 0.00% 1.23% 1.19% 1.59% 1.85% 2.19% 2.65% 3.10% 3.45% 3.79% 4.19% 4.91% 5.29% 5.60%YoY Growth

Software License Updates 43.67% 46.11% 47.57% 49.30% 50.91% 50.77% 49.57% 48.71% 47.69% 46.58% 45.31% 43.83% 42.50% 41.18%YoY Growth

Software and Cloud Revenues 70.35% 75.09% 76.29% 77.11% 77.80% 78.79% 79.34% 79.74% 80.05% 80.24% 80.32% 80.42% 80.48% 80.54%YoY Growth

Hardware system products 10.31% 8.16% 7.78% 7.39% 7.11% 6.81% 6.71% 6.66% 6.59% 6.50% 6.45% 6.36% 6.29% 6.22%YoY Growth

Hardware systems support 6.67% 6.22% 6.26% 6.23% 5.99% 5.68% 5.60% 5.55% 5.49% 5.42% 5.38% 5.31% 5.25% 5.19%

YoY Growth

Hardware systems Revenue 16.98% 14.38% 14.04% 13.62% 13.10% 12.48% 12.31% 12.21% 12.08% 11.91% 11.82% 11.67% 11.54% 11.41%

YoY Growth

Services Revenue 12.67% 10.53% 9.68% 9.28% 9.11% 8.73% 8.35% 8.04% 7.87% 7.84% 7.86% 7.91% 7.98% 8.05%

YoY Growth

Total Revenue 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%YoY Growth

Page 16: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

Oracle CorporationIncome Statement

Fiscal Years Ending  2013 2014 2015 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E

Sales 37,180 38,275 38,226 37,760 38,240 39,561 40,660 41,950 42,950 43,712 44,732 45,675 46,666

COGS excluding D&A 6,567 6,628 6,820 6,648 6,726 6,994 7,166 7,396 7,578 7,708 7,889 8,056 8,230

Depreciation 546 608 712 753 940 1,107 1,215 1,372 1,518 1,657 1,816 1,977 2,147

Amortization of Intangibles 2,385 2,300 2,149 1,624 995 848 742 598 320 320 320 320 320

Gross Income 27,682 28,739 28,545 28,735 29,579 30,612 31,537 32,584 33,534 34,027 34,707 35,322 35,970

Research & Development 4,850 5,151 5,524 5,155 5,297 5,533 5,623 5,827 5,971 6,064 6,212 6,343 6,479

Other SG&A 8,400 8,605 8,732 8,549 8,663 8,985 9,217 9,514 9,744 9,913 10,146 10,360 10,584

EBIT 14,432 14,983 14,289 15,032 15,618 16,094 16,697 17,244 17,820 18,049 18,349 18,618 18,907

Nonoperating Interest Income 237 263 349 507 515 525 521 526 529 530 534 536 539

Interest Expense 797 914 1,143 1,879 1,879 1,622 1,484 1,385 1,284 1,334 1,388 1,442 1,501

Pretax Income 14,010 13,802 12,947 13,660 14,254 14,998 15,734 16,384 17,065 17,246 17,495 17,713 17,945

Income Taxes 2,973 2,749 2,896 2,919 3,046 3,204 3,362 3,501 3,646 3,685 3,738 3,785 3,834

Consolidated Net Income 11,037 11,053 10,051 10,741 11,208 11,793 12,372 12,884 13,418 13,561 13,757 13,928 14,111

Minority Interest 112 98 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113

Net Income 10,925 10,955 9,938 10,628 11,095 11,680 12,259 12,771 13,305 13,448 13,644 13,815 13,998

EPS (recurring) 2.22 2.41 2.26 2.56 2.78 3.03 3.28 3.52 3.77 3.96 4.18 4.40 4.63

Total Shares Outstanding 4,646.00 4,464.00 4,343.00    4,153.04     3,995.69     3,855.84     3,732.10     3,623.18     3,527.93     3,398.00     3,263.30     3,139.26     3,025.04 

Dividends per Share 0.30 0.48 0.51 0.59            0.64            0.70            0.76            0.81            0.87            0.91            0.96            1.01            1.06           

Payout Ratio 13.52% 19.89% 22.54% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00%

Page 17: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

Oracle Corporation

Balance Sheet

Fiscal Years Ending May 31, 2,013  2,014  2,015  2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E

Balance Sheet

Assets

Cash Only 14,613 17,769 21,716 19,091 19,711 14,075 15,728 14,763 17,758 20,326 22,620 25,068 27,721

Total Short Term Investments 17,603 21,050 32,652 32,815 32,979 33,144 33,310 33,477 33,644 33,812 33,981 34,151 34,322

Accounts Receivables, Net 6,049 6,087 5,618 5,899 5,892 6,030 6,272 6,443 6,589 6,720 6,870 7,015 7,170

Other Receivables 826 906 817 847 860 874 908 936 955 975 997 1,017 1,040

Inventories 240 189 314 247 251 281 274 285 295 297 305 312 318

Other Current Assets 2,361 2,137 2,066 2,182 2,137 2,212 2,299 2,354 2,413 2,460 2,514 2,568 2,624

Total Current Assets 41,692 48,138 63,183 61,081 61,831 56,617 58,790 58,257 61,655 64,591 67,287 70,131 73,194

Property, Plant & Equipment - Gross 5,756 6,239 7,295 8,797 10,420 12,172 14,064 16,108 18,316 20,700 23,274 26,055 29,058

Less: Accumulated Depreciation 2,703 3,178 3,609 4,362 5,302 6,409 7,623 8,995 10,513 12,170 13,986 15,963 18,110

Net Property, Plant & Equipment 3,053 3,061 3,686 4,436 5,118 5,763 6,441 7,113 7,803 8,529 9,288 10,091 10,948

Net Goodwill 27,343 29,652 34,087 34,087 34,087 34,087 34,087 34,087 34,087 34,087 34,087 34,087 34,087

Net Other Intangibles 6,640 6,137 6,406 6,931 7,560 7,707 7,813 7,957 8,235 8,235 8,235 8,235 8,235

Deferred Tax Assets 766 837 795 805 841 907 936 972 999 995 995 996 998

Other Assets 2,277 2,519 2,746 3,337 3,367 3,418 3,284 3,377 3,387 3,520 3,636 3,743 3,857

Total Assets 81,812 90,344 110,903 110,676 112,804 108,499 111,352 111,764 116,166 119,957 123,528 127,284 131,320

Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity

ST Debt & Curr. Portion LT Debt 0 1,508 1,999 0 6,000 2,000 4,500 3,627 3,363 3,493 3,634 3,777 3,930

Accounts Payable 419 471 806 796 806 834 857 885 906 922 943 963 984

Income Tax Payable 1,022 545 617 735 673 732 786 797 839 849 858 870 882

Deferred Revenue 7,118 7,673 7,638 7,448 7,616 7,862 8,066 8,338 8,531 8,681 8,887 9,072 9,269

Other Current Liabilities 4,313 4,192 4,231 4,232 4,235 4,398 4,527 4,660 4,776 4,861 4,973 5,079 5,189

Total Current Liabilities 12,872 14,389 15,291 13,210 19,331 15,827 18,737 18,307 18,415 18,806 19,294 19,762 20,254

Long-Term Debt 18,494 22,667 39,959 39,959 34,500 31,552 29,451 27,311 28,362 29,512 30,672 31,913 33,244

Deferred Tax Liabilities 173 258 380 275 287 302 317 330 344 348 353 357 362

Other Liabilities 5,128 5,216 6,141 7,290 7,285 7,502 7,163 7,362 7,401 7,681 7,935 8,173 8,419

Total Liabilities 36,667 42,897 61,805 60,735 61,404 55,184 55,668 53,310 54,521 56,346 58,255 60,204 62,278

Common Stock Par/Carry Value 18,893 21,077 23,156 24,966 26,775 28,585 30,394 32,204 34,014 34,479 34,479 34,479 34,479

Retained Earnings 25,854 25,965 26,503 25,487 25,080 25,124 25,613 26,497 27,792 29,197 30,753 32,441 34,269

Other Comprehensive Income (99) (164) (996) (996) (996) (996) (996) (996) (996) (996) (996) (996) (996)

Total Shareholders' Equity 44,648 46,878 48,663 49,456 50,859 52,713 55,012 57,705 60,809 62,680 64,236 65,924 67,752

Accumulated Minority Interest 497 569 435 485 541 603 672 749 835 931 1,038 1,157 1,290

Total Equity 45,145 47,447 49,098 49,941 51,400 53,315 55,684 58,454 61,644 63,611 65,274 67,080 69,042

Total Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity 81,812 90,344 110,903 110,676 112,804 108,499 111,352 111,764 116,166 119,957 123,528 127,284 131,320

Page 18: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

Oracle CorporationCash Flow Statement

Fiscal Years Ending May 31, 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E

Cash from Operating ActivitiesNet Income 10,628$ 11,095$ 11,680$ 12,259$ 12,771$ 13,305$ 13,448$ 13,644$ 13,815$ 13,998$

Depreciation 753 940 1,107 1,215 1,372 1,518 1,657 1,816 1,977 2,147

Amortization of Intangibles 1,624 995 848 742 598 320 320 320 320 320

Change in Deferred Taxes (115) (24) (51) (14) (23) (13) 8 5 3 3

Changes in Working CapitalNet Receivables (281) 7 (138) (242) (171) (146) (131) (149) (145) (155)

Inventories 67 (4) (30) 7 (11) (10) (2) (8) (7) (6)

Other Receivables (30) (13) (14) (34) (28) (20) (19) (22) (21) (23)

Other Current Assets (116) 45 (75) (87) (55) (59) (47) (54) (54) (56)

Accounts Payable (10) 10 28 23 27 21 16 22 20 21

Current & LT Other Liabilities 1,150 (2) 380 (210) 332 154 365 366 344 356

Income Taxes Payable 118 (62) 59 53 12 41 11 8 13 11

Provisions for Risk & Charges (34) - - - - - - - - -

Minority Interest 50 56 62 69 77 86 96 107 119 133

Deferred Revenue (190) 169 246 204 272 193 150 206 186 197

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities 13,614$ 13,213$ 14,102$ 13,986$ 15,172$ 15,389$ 15,872$ 16,260$ 16,570$ 16,946$

Cash from Investing Activities(Increase) decrease in ST Investments (163) (164) (165) (166) (167) (167) (168) (169) (170) (171)

Change in Gross PP&E (1,502) (1,622) (1,752) (1,892) (2,044) (2,207) (2,384) (2,575) (2,781) (3,003)

Change in Gross Intangible Assets (2,149) (1,624) (995) (848) (742) (598) (320) (320) (320) (320)

(Increase) decrease in Other Assets (591) (31) (51) 134 (93) (9) (133) (116) (107) (114)

Net Cash Provided by Investing Activities (4,405)$ (3,441)$ (2,963)$ (2,772)$ (3,046)$ (2,982)$ (3,005)$ (3,180)$ (3,378)$ (3,608)$

Cash from FinancingChanges in Current Portion of LT Debt (1,999) 6,000 (4,000) 2,500 (873) (264) 129 142 143 153

Proceeds from Issuance of LT Debt - (5,459) (2,948) (2,101) (2,141) 1,051 1,150 1,160 1,240 1,331

Payment of Dividends (2,445) (2,552) (2,686) (2,820) (2,937) (3,060) (3,093) (3,138) (3,177) (3,220)

Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock 1,810 1,810 1,810 1,810 1,810 1,810 465 - - -

Repurchases of Common Stock (9,200) (8,950) (8,950) (8,950) (8,950) (8,950) (8,950) (8,950) (8,950) (8,950)

Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities (11,834)$ (9,151)$ (16,775)$ (9,561)$ (13,091)$ (9,413)$ (10,298)$ (10,786)$ (10,744)$ (10,686)$

Net Change in Cash (2,625)$ 621$ (5,636)$ 1,653$ (965)$ 2,995$ 2,568$ 2,294$ 2,448$ 2,653$

Beginning Cash 21,716$ 19,091$ 19,711$ 14,075$ 15,728$ 14,763$ 17,758$ 20,326$ 22,620$ 25,068$

Ending Cash 19,091$ 19,711$ 14,075$ 15,728$ 14,763$ 17,758$ 20,326$ 22,620$ 25,068$ 27,721$

Page 19: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

Oracle CorporationCommon Size Income Statement

Fiscal Years Ending May 31, 2013 2014 2015 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E

Sales 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

COGS excluding D&A 17.66% 17.32% 17.84% 17.61% 17.59% 17.68% 17.62% 17.63% 17.64% 17.63% 17.64% 17.64% 17.64%

Depreciation 1.47% 1.59% 1.86% 1.99% 2.46% 2.80% 2.99% 3.27% 3.53% 3.79% 4.06% 4.33% 4.60%

Amortization of Intangimles 6.41% 6.01% 5.62% 4.30% 2.60% 2.14% 1.82% 1.43% 0.74% 0.73% 0.71% 0.70% 0.69%

Gross Income 74.45% 75.09% 74.67% 76.10% 77.35% 77.38% 77.56% 77.67% 78.08% 77.84% 77.59% 77.33% 77.08%

Research & Development 13.04% 13.46% 14.45% 13.65% 13.85% 13.99% 13.83% 13.89% 13.90% 13.87% 13.89% 13.89% 13.88%

Other SG&A 22.59% 22.48% 22.84% 22.64% 22.65% 22.71% 22.67% 22.68% 22.69% 22.68% 22.68% 22.68% 22.68%

EBIT 38.82% 39.15% 37.38% 39.81% 40.84% 40.68% 41.06% 41.11% 41.49% 41.29% 41.02% 40.76% 40.52%

Nonoperating Interest Income 0.64% 0.69% 0.91% 1.34% 1.35% 1.33% 1.28% 1.25% 1.23% 1.21% 1.19% 1.17% 1.15%

Interest Expense 2.14% 2.39% 2.99% 4.98% 4.91% 4.10% 3.65% 3.30% 2.99% 3.05% 3.10% 3.16% 3.22%

Pretax Income 37.68% 36.06% 33.87% 36.18% 37.28% 37.91% 38.70% 39.06% 39.73% 39.45% 39.11% 38.78% 38.45%

Income Taxes 8.00% 7.18% 7.58% 7.73% 7.96% 8.10% 8.27% 8.35% 8.49% 8.43% 8.36% 8.29% 8.22%

Consolidated Net Income 29.69% 28.88% 26.29% 28.45% 29.31% 29.81% 30.43% 30.71% 31.24% 31.02% 30.75% 30.49% 30.24%

Minority Interest 0.30% 0.26% 0.30% 0.30% 0.30% 0.29% 0.28% 0.27% 0.26% 0.26% 0.25% 0.25% 0.24%

Net Income 29.38% 28.62% 26.00% 28.15% 29.02% 29.52% 30.15% 30.44% 30.98% 30.77% 30.50% 30.25% 30.00%

Page 20: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

Oracle Corporation

Common Size Balance Sheet

Fiscal Years Ending May 31, 2013 2014 2015 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E

Balance Sheet

Assets

Cash Only 39.30% 46.42% 56.81% 50.56% 51.55% 35.58% 38.68% 35.19% 41.35% 46.50% 50.57% 54.88% 59.40%

Total Short Term Investments 47.35% 55.00% 85.42% 86.91% 86.24% 83.78% 81.92% 79.80% 78.33% 77.35% 75.97% 74.77% 73.55%

Accounts Receivables, Gross 17.07% 16.70% 15.44% 16.40% 16.18% 16.01% 16.20% 16.13% 16.11% 16.15% 16.13% 16.13% 16.14%

Less: Bad Debt/Doubtful Accounts ‐0.80% ‐0.80% ‐0.75% ‐0.78% ‐0.78% ‐0.77% ‐0.77% ‐0.77% ‐0.77% ‐0.77% ‐0.77% ‐0.77% ‐0.77%

Accounts Receivables, Net 16.27% 15.90% 14.70% 15.62% 15.41% 15.24% 15.42% 15.36% 15.34% 15.37% 15.36% 15.36% 15.36%

Other Receivables 2.22% 2.37% 2.14% 2.24% 2.25% 2.21% 2.23% 2.23% 2.22% 2.23% 2.23% 2.23% 2.23%

Inventories 0.65% 0.49% 0.82% 0.65% 0.66% 0.71% 0.67% 0.68% 0.69% 0.68% 0.68% 0.68% 0.68%

Other Current Assets 6.35% 5.58% 5.40% 5.78% 5.59% 5.59% 5.65% 5.61% 5.62% 5.63% 5.62% 5.62% 5.62%

Total Current Assets 112.14% 125.77% 165.29% 161.76% 161.69% 143.11% 144.59% 138.87% 143.55% 147.77% 150.42% 153.55% 156.85%

Property, Plant & Equipment - Gross 15.48% 16.30% 19.08% 23.30% 27.25% 30.77% 34.59% 38.40% 42.64% 47.35% 52.03% 57.04% 62.27%

Less: Accumulated Depreciation 7.27% 8.30% 9.44% 11.55% 13.86% 16.20% 18.75% 21.44% 24.48% 27.84% 31.27% 34.95% 38.81%

Net Property, Plant & Equipment 8.21% 8.00% 9.64% 11.75% 13.38% 14.57% 15.84% 16.96% 18.17% 19.51% 20.76% 22.09% 23.46%

Net Goodwill 73.54% 77.47% 89.17% 90.27% 89.14% 86.16% 83.83% 81.26% 79.37% 77.98% 76.20% 74.63% 73.04%

Net Other Intangibles 17.86% 16.03% 16.76% 18.36% 19.77% 19.48% 19.22% 18.97% 19.17% 18.84% 18.41% 18.03% 17.65%

Deferred Tax Assets 2.06% 2.19% 2.08% 2.13% 2.20% 2.29% 2.30% 2.32% 2.33% 2.28% 2.22% 2.18% 2.14%

Other Assets 6.12% 6.58% 7.18% 8.84% 8.81% 8.64% 8.08% 8.05% 7.88% 8.05% 8.13% 8.20% 8.27%

Total Assets 220.04% 236.04% 290.12% 293.10% 294.99% 274.26% 273.86% 266.42% 270.47% 274.43% 276.15% 278.68% 281.40%

Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity

ST Debt & Curr. Portion LT Debt 0.00% 3.94% 5.23% 0.00% 15.69% 5.06% 11.07% 8.65% 7.83% 7.99% 8.12% 8.27% 8.42%

Accounts Payable 1.13% 1.23% 2.11% 2.11% 2.11% 2.11% 2.11% 2.11% 2.11% 2.11% 2.11% 2.11% 2.11%

Income Tax Payable 2.75% 1.42% 1.61% 1.95% 1.76% 1.85% 1.93% 1.90% 1.95% 1.94% 1.92% 1.91% 1.89%

Deferred Revenue 19.14% 20.05% 19.98% 19.72% 19.92% 19.87% 19.84% 19.88% 19.86% 19.86% 19.87% 19.86% 19.86%

Other Current Liabilities 11.60% 10.95% 11.07% 11.21% 11.08% 11.12% 11.13% 11.11% 11.12% 11.12% 11.12% 11.12% 11.12%

Total Current Liabilities 34.62% 37.59% 40.00% 34.99% 50.55% 40.01% 46.08% 43.64% 42.87% 43.02% 43.13% 43.27% 43.40%

Long-Term Debt 49.74% 59.22% 104.53% 105.82% 90.22% 79.76% 72.43% 65.10% 66.04% 67.52% 68.57% 69.87% 71.24%

Provision for Risks & Charges 0.00% 0.96% 0.09% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Deferred Tax Liabilities 0.47% 0.67% 0.99% 0.73% 0.75% 0.76% 0.78% 0.79% 0.80% 0.80% 0.79% 0.78% 0.78%

Other Liabilities 13.79% 13.63% 16.06% 19.31% 19.05% 18.96% 17.62% 17.55% 17.23% 17.57% 17.74% 17.89% 18.04%

Total Liabilities 98.62% 112.08% 161.68% 160.84% 160.58% 139.49% 136.91% 127.08% 126.94% 128.90% 130.23% 131.81% 133.45%

Common Stock Par/Carry Value 50.81% 55.07% 60.58% 66.12% 70.02% 72.26% 74.75% 76.77% 79.19% 78.88% 77.08% 75.49% 73.88%

Retained Earnings 69.54% 67.84% 69.33% 67.50% 65.59% 63.51% 62.99% 63.16% 64.71% 66.80% 68.75% 71.03% 73.43%

Other Comprehensive Income ‐0.27% ‐0.43% ‐2.61% ‐2.64% ‐2.60% ‐2.52% ‐2.45% ‐2.37% ‐2.32% ‐2.28% ‐2.23% ‐2.18% ‐2.13%

Total Shareholders' Equity 120.09% 122.48% 127.30% 130.98% 133.00% 133.24% 135.30% 137.56% 141.58% 143.40% 143.60% 144.33% 145.18%

Accumulated Minority Interest 1.34% 1.49% 1.14% 1.28% 1.41% 1.52% 1.65% 1.79% 1.94% 2.13% 2.32% 2.53% 2.76%

Total Equity 121.42% 123.96% 128.44% 132.26% 134.42% 134.77% 136.95% 139.34% 143.53% 145.52% 145.92% 146.87% 147.95%

Total Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity 220.04% 236.04% 290.12% 293.10% 294.99% 274.26% 273.86% 266.42% 270.47% 274.43% 276.15% 278.68% 281.40%

Page 21: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

Oracle Corporation

Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) Estimation

Cost of Equity

Risk Free Rate 3.06% Years Incoporated Weekly

Expected Market Return 7.68% 1 1.296

Beta 1.20 2 1.197

Cost of Equity 8.60% 3 1.186

4 1.126

5 1.19

Cost of Debt Average 1.199

Pre-tax Cost of Debt 4.70%

Tax Rate 21.37%

After Tax Cost of Debt 3.70%

Capital Structure Weights Weights

Shares Outstanding 4,336

Current Price $37.30

Market Value of Equity (Millions) 161,736 78.99%

PV Operating Leases 1,052 0.51%

ST Debt 1,999 0.98%

LT Debt 39,959 19.52%

Total Enterprise 204,745 100%

Weighted Average Cost of Capital 7.57%

Beta

Page 22: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

Oracle Corporation

Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) and Economic Profit (EP) Valuation Models

Key Inputs:

     CV Growth 2.97%

     CV ROIC 26.80%

     WACC 7.57%

     Cost of Equity 8.60%

Fiscal Years Ending May 31, 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E

DCF Model

NOPLAT              11,484          12,005          12,321          12,800          13,189          13,618          13,786          13,981          14,153          14,338 

Less: Change in Invested Capital              (2,211)         (1,931)                785          (1,451)         (1,208)         (2,623)         (2,557)         (2,493)         (2,568)         (2,749)

FCF  $            9,273  $     10,074  $     13,107  $     11,349  $     11,981  $     10,996  $     11,229  $     11,488  $     11,585  $     11,589 

Continuing Value (CV)  $   277,262 

Periods to Discount 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9

PV (FCF)  $            8,621  $        8,706  $     10,530  $        8,476  $        8,319  $        7,098  $        6,738  $        6,409  $        6,008  $   143,794 

Value of Operating Assets 214,699$       

Add: Excess Cash 13,030            

Add: Short‐term Investments 32,652            

Add: Minority Interest 435                  

Less: Short‐term Debt 1,999              

Less: Long‐term Debt 39,959            

Less: PV of Operating Leases 1,052              

Less: PV of ESOP 4,943              

Less: Underfunded Pension Obligation 599                  

Value of Equity 212,265$       

Shares Outstanding, millions 4,336              

Intrinsic Value 48.95$            

Intrinsic Value (Adjusted) 50.50$            

Economic Profit

Fiscal Years Ending  2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E

NOPLAT 11,484             12,005        12,321        12,800        13,189        13,618        13,786        13,981        14,153        14,338       

Beginning Invested Capital 37,250             39,461        41,392        40,607        42,058        43,266        45,889        48,446        50,939        53,508       

ROIC 30.83% 30.42% 29.77% 31.52% 31.36% 31.48% 30.04% 28.86% 27.78% 26.80%

WACC 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57%

Economic Profit  $            8,665  $        9,018  $        9,189  $        9,727  $     10,006  $     10,344  $     10,313  $     10,315  $     10,298  $     10,288 

Continuing Value (CV)  $   223,754 

Periods to discount 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9

PV (EP)  $            8,055  $        7,794  $        7,383  $        7,265  $        6,948  $        6,677  $        6,189  $        5,754  $        5,341  $   116,044 

PV of Economic Profit 177,449$       

Plus: Beginning Invested Capital 37,250            

Value of Operations 214,699$       

Add: Excess Cash 13,030            

Add: Short‐term Investments 32,652            

Add: Minority Interest 435                  

Less: Short‐term Debt 1,999              

Less: Long‐term Debt 39,959            

Less: PV of Operating Leases 1,052              

Less: PV of ESOP 4,943              

Less: Underfunded Pension Obligation 599                  

Value of Equity 212,265$       

Shares Outstanding, millions 4,336              

Intrinsic Value 48.95$            

Intrinsic Value (Adjusted) 50.50$            

Page 23: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

Oracle Corporation

Dividend Discount Model (DDM) or Fundamental P/E Valuation Model

Fiscal Years Ending May 31, 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E

EPS 2.56$             2.78$       3.03$       3.28$       3.52$       3.77$       3.96$       4.18$       4.40$       4.63$    

Annual EPS Growth 13.11% 8.50% 9.09% 8.44% 7.30% 7.00% 4.94% 5.64% 5.26% 5.15%

Key Assumptions

   CV growth 2.97%

   CV ROE 20.66%

   Cost of Equity 8.60%

Future Cash Flows

P/E Multiple (CV Year) 15.22

EPS (CV Year) 4.63$    

Dividends Per Share 0.59               0.64          0.70          0.76          0.81          0.87          0.91          0.96          1.01         

CV Price 70.41$  

Period to Discount 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9

Discounted Cash Flows 0.54$             0.54$       0.54$       0.54$       0.54$       0.53$       0.51$       0.50$       0.48$       33.52$  

Intrinsic Value 38.24$          

Intrinsic Value (Adjusted)  41.46$          

Page 24: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

Oracle CorporationRelative Valuation Models ‐  Software Competitors

EPS EPS Est. 5yrTicker Company Price 2016E 2017E P/E 15 P/E 16 EPS gr. PEG 15 PEG 16

CRM Salesforce.com $75.60 $0.73  $0.95 103.6 79.6 30.6 3.38 2.60

CDNS Cadence Design $22.29 $1.07  $1.18 20.8          18.9          10.0 2.08          1.89         

VMW VMWare $58.71 $4.06  $4.22 14.5          13.9          8.8 1.65          1.59         

SAP SAP SE $77.96 $3.74  $4.12 20.8          18.9          8.7 2.40          2.17         

INTU Intuit Inc. $96.53 $3.43  $4.30 28.1          22.4          15.1 1.86          1.49         

SYMC Symantec $19.71 $1.83  $1.99 10.8          9.9            7.9 1.36          1.25         

MSFT Microsoft $52.84 $2.76  $3.11 19.1          17.0          9.1 2.10          1.86         OTEX Open Text Corp $44.93 $3.56  $3.72 12.6          12.1          4.3 2.97          2.84         

Average 18.1         16.2         2.1            1.9           

ORCL Oracle $37.30 $2.56  $2.78  14.6          13.4                   9.27  1.6            1.4           

Implied Value:

   Relative P/E (EPS15)  $       46.36 

   Relative P/E (EPS16) 44.88$       

   PEG Ratio (EPS15) 48.87$       

   PEG Ratio (EPS16) 48.15$       

Relative Valuation Models ‐ Large Cap Tech Comeptitors

EPS EPS Est. 5yrTicker Company Price 2016E 2017E P/E 15 P/E 16 EPS gr. PEG 15 PEG 16

MSFT Microsoft $52.84 $2.76  $3.11 19.1          17.0          9.1 2.10          1.86         

CSCO Cisco Systems Inc. $26.21 $2.30  $2.45 11.4          10.7          9.4 1.21          1.14         

GOOGL Google $717.00 $29.98  $34.21 23.9 21.0 16.4 1.46 1.28

INTC Intel Corporation $32.11 $2.23  $2.35 14.4          13.7          8.3 1.75          1.66         

SAP SAP SE $77.96 $3.74  $4.12 20.8          18.92        8.7 2.40          2.17         

IBM IBM $131.75 $14.93  $15.10 8.8 8.7 7.3 1.22 1.20

AAPL Apple Inc. $112.34 $9.85  $10.81 11.4          10.4          15.3 0.74          0.68         EMC EMC Corporation $25.03 $1.82  $1.98 13.8          12.6          10.5 1.32          1.21         

Average 15.2         13.9         1.6            1.5           

ORCL Oracle $37.30 $2.56  $2.78  14.6          13.4                   9.27  1.6            1.4           

Implied Value:

   Relative P/E (EPS15)  $       38.79 

   Relative P/E (EPS16) 38.56$       

   PEG Ratio (EPS15) 37.60$       

   PEG Ratio (EPS16) 37.40$       

Page 25: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

Oracle CorporationKey Management Ratios

Fiscal Years Ending May 31, 2013 2014 2015 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E

Liquidity RatiosCurrent Ratio (CA/CL) 3.24        3.35        4.13        4.62        3.20        3.58        3.14        3.18        3.35        3.43        3.49        3.55        3.61       Quick Ratio (CA‐Inventories)/CL 3.22        3.33        4.11        4.60        3.19        3.56        3.12        3.17        3.33        3.42        3.47        3.53        3.60       Cash Ratio (Cash + Marketable Sec./CL) 2.50        2.70        3.56        3.93        2.73        2.98        2.62        2.64        2.79        2.88        2.93        3.00        3.06       

Activity or Asset‐Management RatiosReceivables Turnover (Sales/Avg A.R. of Curr & Prev Yrs. 5.97 6.13 6.54 6.64 6.40 6.42 6.43 6.40 6.44 6.45 6.43 6.44 6.44Inventory Turnover (COGS/Avg Inv of Curr & Prev Yrs.) 33.00 30.90 27.12 23.71 27.02 26.29 25.83 26.46 26.10 26.00 26.17 26.08 26.10Total Asset Turnover (Sales/Total Assets) 0.45 0.42 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.37 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36

Financial Leverage RatiosDebt Ratio (Total Liabilities/Total Assets 44.82% 47.48% 55.73% 54.88% 54.43% 50.86% 49.99% 47.70% 46.93% 46.97% 47.16% 47.30% 47.42%Debt to Equity Ratio (Total Debt/Total Equity) 40.97% 50.95% 85.46% 80.01% 78.79% 62.93% 60.97% 52.93% 51.46% 51.89% 52.56% 53.20% 53.84%Interest Coverage (EBIT/Interest Expense) 18.11      16.39      12.50      8.00        8.31        9.92        11.25      12.45      13.88      13.53      13.22      12.91      12.60     

Profitability RatiosProfit Margin (NI/Sales) 29.38% 28.62% 26.00% 28.15% 29.02% 29.52% 30.15% 30.44% 30.98% 30.77% 30.50% 30.25% 30.00%Gross Profit Margin (1‐(COGS)) 82.34% 82.68% 82.16% 82.39% 82.41% 82.32% 82.38% 82.37% 82.36% 82.37% 82.36% 82.36% 82.36%Operating Margin (Operating Income/Sales) 38.82% 39.15% 37.38% 39.81% 40.84% 40.68% 41.06% 41.11% 41.49% 41.29% 41.02% 40.76% 40.52%Return on Assets (Net Income/Total Assets) 13.35% 12.13% 8.96% 9.60% 9.84% 10.77% 11.01% 11.43% 11.45% 11.21% 11.05% 10.85% 10.66%Return on Equity (Net Income/Total Equity) 24.47% 23.37% 20.42% 21.49% 21.82% 22.16% 22.28% 22.13% 21.88% 21.46% 21.24% 20.96% 20.66%

Payout Policy RatiosPayout Ratio 13.52% 19.89% 22.54% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00% 23.00%Total Payout Ratio (Div + Stock Rep./Net Income) 114.00% 109.46% 104.07% 109.56% 103.66% 99.63% 96.01% 93.08% 90.27% 89.55% 88.60% 87.78% 86.94%

Page 26: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

Orcale CorporationSensitivity Analysis Table

50.50$   0.80 0.90 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.601.97% 61.64 56.63 52.38 48.72 45.57 42.75 40.28 38.09 36.122.22% 64.01 58.54 53.93 49.99 46.63 43.64 41.03 38.72 36.662.47% 66.71 60.68 55.65 51.40 47.79 44.61 41.85 39.41 37.252.72% 69.81 63.11 57.59 52.97 49.08 45.67 42.73 40.16 37.88

CV Growth of NOPLAT 2.97% 73.41 65.88 59.77 54.72 50.50 46.83 43.70 40.97 38.563.22% 77.62 69.08 62.26 56.69 52.09 48.12 44.76 41.85 39.313.47% 82.63 72.81 65.11 58.92 53.87 49.56 45.94 42.82 40.123.72% 88.69 77.22 68.43 61.47 55.88 51.17 47.24 43.89 41.003.97% 96.16 82.51 72.32 64.42 58.18 52.97 48.69 45.07 41.98

50.50$   22.80% 23.80% 24.80% 25.80% 26.80% 27.80% 29.80% 30.80% 31.80%7.17% 54.46 54.70 54.92 55.12 55.31 55.48 55.79 55.94 56.077.27% 53.20 53.43 53.64 53.84 54.02 54.19 54.49 54.62 54.757.37% 51.99 52.21 52.42 52.61 52.78 52.95 53.24 53.37 53.507.47% 50.84 51.05 51.25 51.44 51.61 51.77 52.05 52.18 52.30

WACC 7.57% 49.75 49.97 50.16 50.34 50.50 50.66 50.93 51.06 51.177.67% 48.68 48.88 49.07 49.24 49.40 49.55 49.82 49.94 50.057.77% 47.66 47.86 48.05 48.21 48.37 48.51 48.77 48.89 49.007.87% 46.69 46.89 47.06 47.23 47.38 47.52 47.77 47.88 47.997.97% 45.76 45.95 46.12 46.28 46.43 46.56 46.81 46.92 47.02

50.50$   2.66% 2.76% 2.86% 2.96% 3.06% 3.16% 3.26% 3.36% 3.46%4.22% 59.31 58.15 57.03 55.96 54.94 53.92 52.96 52.03 51.134.34% 57.67 56.57 55.51 54.49 53.53 52.56 51.65 50.76 49.914.42% 56.62 55.56 54.54 53.56 52.63 51.69 50.81 49.95 49.134.52% 55.37 54.35 53.38 52.43 51.54 50.65 49.80 48.98 48.18

Equity Risk Premium 4.62% 54.17 53.20 52.26 51.36 50.50 49.64 48.83 48.04 47.274.72% 53.02 52.09 51.19 50.33 49.50 48.68 47.89 47.13 46.404.82% 51.92 51.03 50.17 49.34 48.55 47.75 47.00 46.26 45.564.92% 50.87 50.01 49.18 48.38 47.63 46.86 46.13 45.43 44.745.02% 49.85 49.03 48.24 47.47 46.74 46.00 45.30 44.62 43.96

50.50$   4.00% 5.00% 6.00% 7.00% 8.00% 9.00% 10.00% 11.00% 12.00%7.12% 58.25 57.73 57.18 56.60 55.98 55.32 54.62 53.88 53.097.22% 56.87 56.36 55.83 55.26 54.66 54.01 53.33 52.61 51.857.32% 55.55 55.06 54.54 53.98 53.39 52.77 52.11 51.40 50.667.42% 54.30 53.82 53.31 52.76 52.19 51.58 50.93 50.25 49.52

WACC 7.57% 52.53 52.07 51.58 51.06 50.50 49.91 49.29 48.63 47.937.62% 51.94 51.49 51.00 50.48 49.94 49.35 48.74 48.08 47.397.72% 50.84 50.39 49.92 49.41 48.88 48.31 47.71 47.07 46.407.82% 49.78 49.35 48.88 48.39 47.87 47.31 46.73 46.10 45.447.92% 48.77 48.34 47.89 47.41 46.90 46.35 45.78 45.17 44.52

Beta

CV ROIC

Risk‐Free Rate

Capex Rate

Page 27: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

Oracle Corporation

Value Driver Estimation

Fiscal Years Ending May 31, 2013 2014 2015 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E

ROIC

NOPLAT/ BEG. IC 33.31% 36.12% 32.36% 30.83% 30.42% 29.77% 31.52% 31.36% 31.48% 30.04% 28.86% 27.78% 26.80%

Economic Profit

Beg. IC x (ROIC ‐ WACC)

Beg. IC  $         33,257  $         32,795  $         34,505  $         37,250  $        39,461  $        41,392  $        40,607  $        42,058  $        43,266  $          45,889  $          48,446  $          50,939  $          53,508

ROIC 33.31% 36.12% 32.36% 30.83% 30.42% 29.77% 31.52% 31.36% 31.48% 30.04% 28.86% 27.78% 26.80%

WACC 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57% 7.57%

=Economic Profit 8,561$             9,365$             8,553$             8,665$             9,018$           9,189$           9,727$           10,006$         10,344$         10,313$           10,315$           10,298$           10,288$          

FCF

NOPLAT ‐ Change in IC

NOPLAT 11,078             11,847             11,165             11,484             12,005           12,321           12,800           13,189           13,618           13,786              13,981              14,153              14,338             

‐Change in IC 462                   (1,710)              (2,745)              (2,211)              (1,931)            785                  (1,451)            (1,208)            (2,623)            (2,557)               (2,493)               (2,568)               (2,749)              

=FCF 11,540$          10,137$          8,420$             9,273$             10,074$         13,107$         11,349$         11,981$         10,996$         11,229$           11,488$           11,585$           11,589$          

EBITA 14,492             15,038             14,344             15,081             15,678           16,163           16,774           17,330           17,915           18,154              18,463              18,743              19,042             

‐Adjusted Taxes 3,368               3,205               3,344               3,482               3,649              3,790              3,960              4,118              4,283              4,377                4,487                4,593                4,707               

+Change in Deferred Taxes (46)                    14                      164                   (115)                  (24)                   (51)                   (14)                   (23)                   (13)                   8                         5                         3                         3                        

=NOPLAT 11,078$          11,847$          11,165$          11,484$          12,005$         12,321$         12,800$         13,189$         13,618$         13,786$           13,981$           14,153$           14,338$          

EBITA

Sales 37,180             38,275             38,226             37,760             38,240           39,561           40,660           41,950           42,950           43,712              44,732              45,675              46,666             

‐COGS 6,567               6,628               6,820               6,648               6,726              6,994              7,166              7,396              7,578              7,708                7,889                8,056                8,230               

‐SGA 8,400               8,605               8,732               8,549               8,663              8,985              9,217              9,514              9,744              9,913                10,146              10,360              10,584             

‐Research and Design 4,850               5,151               5,524               5,155               5,297              5,533              5,623              5,827              5,971              6,064                6,212                6,343                6,479               

‐Depreciation 546                   608                   712                   753                   940                  1,107              1,215              1,372              1,518              1,657                1,816                1,977                2,147               

‐Amortization of Non‐Goodwill Intangible 2,385               2,300               2,149               1,624               995                  848                  742                  598                  320                  320                    320                    320                    320                   

+Implied Interest of PV of Operating Lease 60                      55                      55                      49                      60                    69                    77                    86                    95                    105                    114                    125                    135                   

=EBITA 14,492$          15,038$          14,344$          15,081$          15,678$         16,163$         16,774$         17,330$         17,915$         18,154$           18,463$           18,743$           19,042$          

Adjusted Taxes:

Income Tax Provision 2,973               2,749               2,896               2,919               3,046              3,204              3,362              3,501              3,646              3,685                3,738                3,785                3,834               

+Tax Shield on Interest Expense 170                   195                   244                   401                   401                  347                  317                  296                  274                  285                    296                    308                    321                   

+Tax Shield on Operating Lease Interest Expense 251                   252                   225                   270                   312                  351                  393                  434                  476                  520                    566                    615                    667                   

‐Tax on Interest Income 51                      56                      75                      108                   110                  112                  111                  112                  113                  113                    114                    115                    115                   

‐Tax on Equity in Affiliates ‐                    ‐                    ‐                    ‐                    ‐                   ‐                   ‐                   ‐                   ‐                   ‐                     ‐                     ‐                     ‐                    

‐Tax on Non‐Operating Income (24)                    (65)                    (41)                    ‐                    ‐                   ‐                   ‐                   ‐                   ‐                   ‐                     ‐                     ‐                     ‐                    

+Tax Shield on Non‐Operating Losses ‐                    ‐                    13                      ‐                    ‐                   ‐                   ‐                   ‐                   ‐                   ‐                     ‐                     ‐                     ‐                    

=Adjusted Taxes 3,368$             3,205$             3,344$             3,482$             3,649$           3,790$           3,960$           4,118$           4,283$           4,377$              4,487$              4,593$              4,707$             

Change in Deferred Taxes

Ending DTL Balance 173                   258                   380                   275                   287                  302                  317                  330                  344                  348                    353                    357                    362                   

Ending DTA Balance 766                   837                   795                   805                   841                  907                  936                  972                  999                  995                    995                    996                    998                   

Net Change in Ending DT (593)                  (579)                  (415)                  (530)                  (554)                (605)                (619)                (642)                (655)                (647)                   (642)                   (639)                   (636)                  

Beg. DTL Balance 48                      173                   258                   380                   275                  287                  302                  317                  330                  344                    348                    353                    357                   

Beg. DTA Balance 595                   766                   837                   795                   805                  841                  907                  936                  972                  999                    995                    995                    996                   

Net Change in Beg. DT (547)                  (593)                  (579)                  (415)                  (530)                (554)                (605)                (619)                (642)                (655)                   (647)                   (642)                   (639)                  

=Change in Deferred Taxes (46)$                  14$                   164$                 (115)$               (24)$                (51)$                (14)$                (23)$                (13)$                8$                       5$                       3$                       3$                      

Invested Capital (IC)

Operating Working Capital 7,402               8,721               9,581               8,754               8,986              6,709              7,453              7,089              8,306              9,366                10,308              11,313              12,404             

+Net PPE 3,053               3,061               3,686               4,436               5,118              5,763              6,441              7,113              7,803              8,529                9,288                10,091              10,948             

+Other LT Operating Assets 10,094             9,835               10,204             11,533             12,387           12,770           12,935           13,364           13,848           14,189              14,521              14,858              15,216             

+Other Operating Liabilitie 12,246             12,889             13,779             14,738             14,901           15,365           15,230           15,701           15,932           16,362              16,822              17,245              17,688             

=Invested Capita 32,795$          34,505$          37,250$          39,461$          41,392$         40,607$         42,058$         43,266$         45,889$         48,446$           50,939$           53,508$           56,256$          

Operating Working Capital

Current Operating Assets

Normal Cash 5,845               7,108               8,686               7,636               7,885              5,630              6,291              5,905              7,103              8,131                9,048                10,027              11,088             

Accounts Receivable (Net) 6,049               6,087               5,618               5,899               5,892              6,030              6,272              6,443              6,589              6,720                6,870                7,015                7,170               

Inventory 240                   189                   314                   247                   251                  281                  274                  285                  295                  297                    305                    312                    318                   

Total Operating Current Assets 12,134             13,384             14,618             13,782             14,027           11,941           12,837           12,633           13,988           15,148              16,223              17,354              18,576             

Current Operating Liabilities

Accounts Payable 419                   471                   806                   796                   806                  834                  857                  885                  906                  922                    943                    963                    984                   

Other Current Liabilities 4,313               4,192               4,231               4,232               4,235              4,398              4,527              4,660              4,776              4,861                4,973                5,079                5,189               

Total Operating Liabilities 4,732               4,663               5,037               5,028               5,042              5,232              5,384              5,545              5,681              5,783                5,916                6,042                6,173               

=Net Operating Working Capital 7,402$             8,721$             9,581$             8,754$             8,986$           6,709$           7,453$           7,089$           8,306$           9,366$              10,308$           11,313$           12,404$          

=Net PPE 3,053$             3,061$             3,686$             4,436$             5,118$           5,763$           6,441$           7,113$           7,803$           8,529$              9,288$              10,091$           10,948$          

Other LT Operating Assets

Net Intangible Assets (Excluding Goodwill) 6,640               6,137               6,406               6,931               7,560              7,707              7,813              7,957              8,235              8,235                8,235                8,235                8,235               

Other LT Operating Assets 2,277               2,519               2,746               3,337               3,367              3,418              3,284              3,377              3,387              3,520                3,636                3,743                3,857               

PV of Operating Leases 1,177               1,179               1,052               1,266               1,460              1,645              1,838              2,030              2,226              2,434                2,650                2,879                3,124               

=Total LT Operating Assets 10,094$          9,835$             10,204$          11,533$          12,387$         12,770$         12,935$         13,364$         13,848$         14,189$           14,521$           14,858$           15,216$          

Other LT Operating Liabilities

Deferred Revenue 7,118               7,673               7,638               7,448               7,616              7,862              8,066              8,338              8,531              8,681                8,887                9,072                9,269               

Other LT Operating Liabilities  5,128               5,216               6,141               7,290               7,285              7,502              7,163              7,362              7,401              7,681                7,935                8,173                8,419               

=Total LT Operating Liabilities 12,246$          12,889$          13,779$          14,738$          14,901$         15,365$         15,230$         15,701$         15,932$         16,362$           16,822$           17,245$           17,688$          

Normal Cash 5,845               7,108               8,686               7,636               7,885              5,630              6,291              5,905              7,103              8,131                9,048                10,027              11,088             

Excess Cash 8,768               10,661             13,030             11,454             11,827           8,445              9,437              8,858              10,655           12,196              13,572              15,041              16,633             

Total Cash 14,613             17,769             21,716             19,091             19,711           14,075           15,728           14,763           17,758           20,326              22,620              25,068              27,721             

Page 28: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

VALUATION OF OPTIONS GRANTED IN ESOP

Oracle

Ticker Symbol ORCL

Current Stock Price $37.30

Risk Free Rate 3.06%

Current Dividend Yield 1.66%

Annualized St. Dev. of Stock Returns 20.82%

Average Average B‐S Value

Number Exercise Remaining Option of Options

Outstanding Options of Shares Price Life (yrs) Price Granted

Vested 223,000,000 25.53 5.07 13.56$         3,023,814,567$     

Expected to Vest 175,000,000 32.17 7.77 10.97$         1,918,895,873$     

Total 398,000,000 28.45$         6.26 15.27$         4,942,710,441$    

Page 29: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

Oracle Corporation

Balance Sheet

Present Value of Operating Lease Obligations (2015) Present Value of Operating Lease Obligations (2014) Present Value of Operating Lease Obligations (2013)

Operating Operating Operating

Fiscal Years Ending May 31, Leases Fiscal Years Ending  Leases Fiscal Years Ending  Leases

2016 330 2015 373 2014 358

2017 270 2016 304 2015 293

2018 209 2017 230 2016 230

2019 156 2018 168 2017 170

2020 107 2019 120 2018 117

Thereafter 175 Thereafter 203 Thereafter 238

Total Minimum Payments 1247 Total Minimum Payments 1398 Total Minimum Payments 1406

Less: Interest 71 Less: Interest 63 Less: Interest 84

PV of Minimum Payments 1052 PV of Minimum Payments 1179 PV of Minimum Payments 1177

Capitalization of Operating Leases Capitalization of Operating Leases Capitalization of Operating Leases

Pre‐Tax Cost of Debt 6.00% Pre‐Tax Cost of Debt 6.00% Pre‐Tax Cost of Debt 6.00%

Number Years Implied by Year 6 Payment 1.6 Number Years Implied by Year 6 Payment 1.7 Number Years Implied by Year 6 Payment 2.0

Lease PV Lease Lease PV Lease Lease PV Lease

Year Commitment Payment Year Commitment Payment Year Commitment Payment

1 330 311.3 1 373 351.9 1 358 337.7

2 270 240.3 2 304 270.6 2 293 260.8

3 209 175.5 3 230 193.1 3 230 193.1

4 156 123.6 4 168 133.1 4 170 134.7

5 107 80.0 5 120 89.7 5 117 87.4

6 & beyond 107 121.1 6 & beyond 120 140.3 6 & beyond 117 162.9

PV of Minimum Payments 1051.8 PV of Minimum Payments 1178.6 PV of Minimum Payments 1176.6

Present Value of Operating Lease Obligations (2012) Present Value of Operating Lease Obligations (2011) Present Value of Operating Lease Obligations (2010)

Operating Operating Operating

Fiscal Years Ending  Leases Fiscal Years Ending  Leases Fiscal Years Ending  Leases

2013 406 2012 458 2011 511

2014 307 2013 341 2012 376

2015 227 2014 226 2013 257

2016 172 2015 159 2014 157

2017 129 2016 121 2015 103

Thereafter 294 Thereafter 265 Thereafter 293

Total Minimum Payments 1535 Total Minimum Payments 1570 Total Minimum Payments 1697

Less: Interest 125 Less: Interest 238 Less: Interest 214

PV of Minimum Payments 1279 PV of Minimum Payments 1322 PV of Minimum Payments 1430

Capitalization of Operating Leases Capitalization of Operating Leases Capitalization of Operating Leases

Pre‐Tax Cost of Debt 6.00% Pre‐Tax Cost of Debt 6.00% Pre‐Tax Cost of Debt 6.00%

Number Years Implied by Year 6 Payment 2.3 Number Years Implied by Year 6 Payment 2.2 Number Years Implied by Year 6 Payment 2.8

Lease PV Lease Lease PV Lease Lease PV Lease

Year Commitment Payment Year Commitment Payment Year Commitment Payment

1 406 383.0 1 458 432.1 1 511 482.1

2 307 273.2 2 341 303.5 2 376 334.6

3 227 190.6 3 226 189.8 3 257 215.8

4 172 136.2 4 159 125.9 4 157 124.4

5 129 96.4 5 121 90.4 5 103 77.0

6 & beyond 129 199.8 6 & beyond 121 180.5 6 & beyond 103 195.9

PV of Minimum Payments 1279.3 PV of Minimum Payments 1322.2 PV of Minimum Payments 1429.8

Page 30: Technology Oracle Corporation (NYSE: ORCL) business. These business segments are licensed out to Oracle’s 400,000 worldwide customers. For the fiscal year ending May 31st, 2015,

Oracle Corporation

Effects of ESOP Exercise and Share Repurchases on Common Stock Balance Sheet Account and Number of Shares Outstanding

Number of Options Outstanding (shares):  398,000,000

Average Time to Maturity (years): 6.26

Expected Annual Number of Options Exercised: 63,606,868

Current Average Strike Price: 28.45$               

Cost of Equity: 8.60%

Current Stock Price: $37.30

2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E

Increase in Shares Outstanding: 63,606,868 63,606,868 63,606,868 63,606,868 63,606,868 63,606,868 16,358,792 0 0 0

Average Strike Price: 28.45$                28.45$                28.45$                28.45$                28.45$                28.45$                28.45$                28.45$                28.45$                28.45$               

Increase in Common Stock Account: 1,809,589,826   1,809,589,826   1,809,589,826   1,809,589,826   1,809,589,826   1,809,589,826   465,401,042       ‐                      ‐                      ‐                     

Change in Treasury Stock ‐9,200,000,000 ‐8,950,000,000 ‐8,950,000,000 ‐8,950,000,000 ‐8,950,000,000 ‐8,950,000,000 ‐8,950,000,000 ‐8,950,000,000 ‐8,950,000,000 ‐8,950,000,000

Expected Price of Repurchased Shares: $37.30 40.51$                43.99$                47.77$                51.88$                56.34$                61.18$                66.44$                72.15$                78.36$               

Number of Shares Repurchased: (246,648,794)      (220,950,432)      (203,458,345)      (187,351,063)      (172,518,953)      (158,861,063)      (146,284,435)      (134,703,466)      (124,039,333)      (114,219,453)     

Shares Outstanding (beginning of the year) 4,336,077,000 4,153,035,075 3,995,691,510 3,855,840,033 3,732,095,838 3,623,183,754 3,527,929,559 3,398,003,916 3,263,300,450 3,139,261,117

Plus: Shares Issued Through ESOP 63,606,868 63,606,868 63,606,868 63,606,868 63,606,868 63,606,868 16,358,792 0 0 0

Less: Shares Repurchased in Treasury (246,648,794)      (220,950,432)      (203,458,345)      (187,351,063)      (172,518,953)      (158,861,063)      (146,284,435)      (134,703,466)      (124,039,333)      (114,219,453)     

Shares Outstanding (end of the year) 4,153,035,075 3,995,691,510 3,855,840,033 3,732,095,838 3,623,183,754 3,527,929,559 3,398,003,916 3,263,300,450 3,139,261,117 3,025,041,664