Technology Review

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C Ni Co Mo Ti AI Cb

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Al 20 Ni (250) .01 20 .. " 1.4 .2 .5

Al 18 Ni Co Mo (250) .01 18 7 5 .4 .1 ..Al 18 Ni Co Mo (300) .01 18 9 5 .6 .1 ..

TYPICAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

PRODUCTS.2 YS UTS Elong. RA Notch TS(X 1000 psi) % % Smooth TS

BARS (Heat treated)

Al 25 Ni (250) 250 265 12 50 1.1

Al 20 Ni (250) 250 265 12 55 1.3

Al 18 Ni Co Mo (250) 250 265 10 50 1.5

Al 18 Ni Co Mo (300) 300 305 12 55 1.4

SHEETS(Cold rolled and aged)

Al 25 loll (250) 250 270 5 .. .7

Al 20 Ni (250) 260 270 4 .. .7

Al 18 Ni Co Mo (250) 285 290 4 .. .9

Al 18 Ni Co Mo (300) 300 310 3 .. .8

~JULY, 1962

soes

1

MASSA HIGH· POWER SONAR

CONTRIBUTES TO ASW DETECTION

--..

The nuclear powered submarine and the Polaris type missile have brought into sharpfocus the realization that the limited range of conventional underwater sonar equipment is notadequate to give warning of a surprise submarine attack today.

The development and production of reliable, high power sonar transducers, capable ofdetecting enemy submarines at very long ranges is a basic necessityin Anti-Submarine Warfaresystems. Massa Division is proud of its important contributions and large scale production ofhigh power underwater sonar transducers. The resources and long experience of MassaDivision will continue to be exploited to fulfill the requirements of this important field.

Write for Capabilities Brochure.

A few openings are available for qualified electroacoustic engineers. Send outline of experience tothe attention of Mr. Frank Massa. An equal opportunity employer.

FRANK MASSAPRESIDENTBSEE '27, MS '28

ERNEST A. MASSAEXEC. VICE PRES.BS PHYSICS '34

A. C. DENAPOLIVICE PRES.BSEE '27

JOHN J. FLYNNGOVT. CONTRACTS MGR.BSME '49

Volume 64, Number 9

Technology ReviewReg. U.S. Pat. Off.

Edited at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology July, 1962

Contents The Cover

!Feedback

Our Greatest Waste

FROM KURT S. LION:

If you are a scientist or administratorwho daydreams of constructing a 20-million-dollar research laboratory,don't read this paper because you willnot understand what I am talkingabout. But if you are one of the fel-lows in the backyard who one morn-ing while shaving suddenly comes upwith a glorious new idea, you will un-derstand me.

One of the highlights that academiclife still offers us (and perhaps the onlyone) is the feeling of having foundsomething new, something exciting.Itmay be a method of doing somethingthat could not be done before, or anew explanation, or an unsuspectedconnection between several formerlyunrelated facts. For the next few daysyou walk on clouds and to the horrorof your personnel appear in your officean hour before your usual time.

This is the time to improvise a fewexperiments, and see whether the out-come is what you expect. But this isnot tbe way tbings are. You need somemoney. Not much, because you canborrow instruments "just for a dayor so" from the stock-room attendant.Still, the money needed is more thanthe potential barrier of your con-science permits you to "allocate."

It migbt be logical to go to yournearest superior despite the deep sad-ness (bat will appear on his face when,after a brilliant introduction, the fi~-ure of say, $5,000 is mentioned. "Ex-perience shows" that the superior iswell armed against such always ex-pected attacks, and the words, " ...haven't got, in fact don't even knowhow ... " are standard equipment inhis arsenal. You enter his office withone problem and emerge with three ormore. The melancholy of the existingsituation lowers the radiation tempera-ture of your enthusiasm. But there isalways a long distance between his of-fice and yours and by the time you ar-rive in your office you know how tohandle that situation:

(Concluded on page 66)

JULY, 1962

THE FIRST Class of 1922 Professorwill be John Wulff. His and manyother appointments are reported inthis month's unusually long "Indi-viduals Noteworthy" department.

This issue concludes Volume 64 ofThe Review. Number1 of Volume65wiD be published October27, 1962,An index to Volume 64 will be sup-plied this fall to readers requesting it.

EDITOR: Volta Torrey; BUSINESS MAN-

AGER: R. T. Jope, '28; CIRCULATION MAN-

AGER: D. P. Severance,'38; EDITORIAL AS-

SOCIATES: J. J. Rowlands, Francis E.Wylie, John I:Mattill; EDITORIAL STAFF:

Ruth King, RobertaA. Clark; BUSINESS

STAFF: Madeline R. McCormick, PatriciaFletcher; PUBLISHER: H. E. Lobdell, '17.The Technology Review is publisbed monthlyfrom November to July inclusive, on the 27thday of the month preceding the date of issue,by the Alumni Association of M.I.T.; D. ReidWeedon, re., '41, President; H. E. Lobdell, '17,Executive Vice-president; ThomasF. Creamer,'40, Carroll L. Wilson, '32, Vice-presidents;Donald P. Severance, '38, Secretary-Treasurer.Copyrighted, 1962, by the Alumni Association ofM.I.T.Office of publication is 10 Ferry Street, Concord,N. H. Editorial and business offices are inRoom 1-281, Massachusetts Institute of Technol-ogy, Cambridge 39, Mass.An annual SUbscri~tion in the U.S. is $4.00; In

;e~~:~~~~ ~:te~ul\~O~i'o:~nt~o c~G:ct~change of address, for which both the old aodthe new address should be given.All correspondence, Editorial and AdvertisingMatter, Change of Address Notices, SubscriptionOrders shouldbe addressed to

THE TECHNOLOGY REVIEW'Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge 39, Massachusetts

POSTMASTER-Undeliverable copies return toThe Rumford Press, 10 Ferry Street, Concord,N.H.

Second-class postage paid at Concord, N. H.PRINTED IN USA

Red spots on the map of the moon in-dicate approx.imately where M.LT.'light truck it (see page 36).

Individuals Noteworthy 4Retirements, promotions, new appoint-ments, honors, etc.

Science and TechnologyIn Modern Perspective 23The 1962 commencement addre s bythe Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh.

The Graduation Exercises 28The Institute grants 1,206 degrees to1,135 students.

Class Gifts Send SCF UpThe Fund's goal is in sightlargely to alumni support.

Former Students Return 31They see a rapidly changing institutionon Alumni Day.

30thanks

Alumni Day Photos 32Some of the principal participants inthe cu tomary festivities.

The Trend of Affairs 33Observations of space, recent gifts,and other Institute news items.

Project Luna-See 36Optical maser shots from Lexingtonbounce back from the moon.

New Lab Delights Students 38Photos by George Woodruff of somecurrent engineering projects.

A School's Genesis Recalled 42Alfred P. Sloan, Jr., '95, speaks toformer students.

Problems That Don't Worry Me43Economist Robert M. Solow namesthree at executives' meeting.

Arts and Sciencesin Kresge 45A photographic report on what somevi itors did on Alumni Day.

The Instant Schoolhouse 46A model classroom demonstrates newconstruction ideas.

Institute Yesteryears

Books

Index to Advertisers

47

48

72

3

Individuals Noteworthy

A Most NoteworthyIndividual RetiresH. E. LOBDELL,'17, one of theM.LT. community's most widelyknown and effective leaders for morethan four decades, is retiring thissummer to make his home in Cuer-navaca, Mexico, a city about 50miles south of Mexico City. ThereMr. Lobdell expects to be "just apost-office box," but Cuernavaca'spostmaster will receive mail for thatbox from all over the world.

Others have taught the humanitiesat M.I.T., but no one else has prac-ticed the arts of life in its environ-ment, polarized around engineeringand science, any more sagely or moreproductively than "Lobby." He firstcame to M.I.T. as a student fromJohnstown, N.Y., and is leaving itas one of its most highly regardedsenior citizens. He was dean of stu-dents from 1929 to 1946 and hasbeen the Alumni Association's Exec-utive Vice-president since 1947. Hewas chairman of the TechnologyLoan Fund for a quarter of a cen-tury, and has been responsible forthe publication of The TechnologyReview longer than any other personin its history.

Mr. Lobdell returned to the Insti-tute to join its staff after serving as alieutenant in the U.S. Army in WorldWar 1. He became assistant dean ofstudents under Henry P. Talbot '85in 1922 and later succeeded h{m a~

D. P. Severance,'38 (at left, talkingwith Jonathan A. Noyes, '12),will suc-ceed Mr. Lobdell as Executive Vice-president of thc Alumni.

4

H. E. Lobdell, '17

dean. Students respected the firm,friendly discipline that he main-tained, and he helped to develop pol-icies to which the Institute stilladheres. He co-operated with AllanWinter Rowe, '01, and others to es-tablish its program of athletics forall; and when Gerard Swope, '95, ledthe campaign for a Student LoanFund, Dean Lobdell became its firstchairman and made it a modelfor similar efforts to provide finan-cial aid to students at universitiesthroughout the country. He was a na-tional officer of both Pi Delta Epsilonand Phi Kappa Sigma, and in 1933-1934 was president of the NationalAssociation of Deans and Advisersof Men.

In 1922 he also became editor ofThe Technology Review and helpedits managing editor, Eric Hodgins,'22, report the selection of SamuelWesley Stratton as the Institute'seighth president. He became The Re-view's publisher in 1930 and con-tinued to contribute to its columnsfrequently for JamesR. Killian, Jr.,'26, Frederick G. Fassett, Jr., andlater editors. His review ofNow ItCan Be Told, by Leslie R. Groves,'17, is on page 48 of this issue. The"Institute Yesteryears" column onpage 47 is his, and he has assured itscontinuance through the 1986-1987school year by already compiling anddelivering the copy.

Mr. Lobdell is internationallyknown as a philatelist and in 1949was the author with A. E. Hopkinsof Hong Kong and the Treaty Ports,a study of the early postal stationsin the British crown colony. He is aFellow of the Postal Historians(London) and the Royal PhilatelicSociety. His clubs have included theEngineers and S1.Botolph in Boston,the Century in New York, the Armyand Navy in Washington, and theEast India and Sports in London.

Railroads and' crack trains wereanother of his early interests, andsince becoming the executive officerof the Alumni Association he hasbeen a roving ambassador to itsfriends and former studentsthrough,

b

out the world. He has visited Europerepeatedly and been especially inter-ested in recent years in Latin Amer-ica. He was married in 1954 to Con-chita Zambrano de la Garza, and Mr.and Mrs. Lobdell expect to continueto be regular attendants at the annualFiestas of the M.I.T. Club of Mexico.

Corporation Members

H. W. MCCURDY, '22, has beenelected a life member of the M.LT.Corporation and six new term mem-bers have been elected to it. Theyare Professor Edward M. Purcell ofHarvard, TheodoreA. Mangelsdorf,'26, frank R. Milliken, '34, D. ReidWeedon, Jr., '41, LuisA. Ferre, '24,and WilIiam L. Taggart, Jr., '27.

Mr. McCurdy captained the firstvarsity shell at M.lT. and has longbeen active in alumni work. He ischairman of the Puget Sound Bridgeand Dry Dock Company in Seattle,with which he has been associatedfor 40 years; a director of the Lock-heed Aircraft Corporation and aleader in many West Coast indus-trial, civic, and historical societies.

Class of 1922 Professor

JOHNWULFF, a member of M.I.T:sFaculty for 31 years, who is nowlecturing in Europe on superconduct-ing alloys, will be the first occupantof the Class of 1922 Chair (see page30). Educated at the ColoradoSchool of Mines, Yale, and in Ger-many, he has long taught studentsat all levels and is noted both as adramatic lecturer and for his re-search, inventions, and publicationsregarding materials.

(Continued on page 6)

THE TECHNOLOGYREVIEW

STEVENS Cert,fled THERMOSTATSUp where the "wild blue yonder" becomes inky black, you can't afford to gamble on precise, reliabletemperature control. And that's the natural domain of Stevens Thermostats. They are compact andlightweight ... withstand high G's ... are utterly reliable even under wide temperature swings. ForStevens Thermostats are a product of creative engineering ... coupled with the most stringent environ-mental testing and quality control programs in the industry.If space is your dimension, take themeasure of Stevens Thermostatsfirst.

Individuals oteworthy(Continued from page 4)

48 Members of Facultyat Institute PromotedPRESIDENT Julius A. Stratton'23, hasannounced the promotion of18 mem-bers of the M.I.T. Faculty to the rankof professor and26 to the rank ofassociate professor. Twenty-three ofthe men this year are Alumni, repre-senting classe from 1941 to 1960.

The new professors are pictured onthis page and on page 8.

The new associate professors are:Klaus Biemann, Chemistry.William F. Brace, '46, Geology.P. L. Thibaut Brian, '56, Chemical

Engineering.George A. Brown, '51, Mechanical

Engineering.Robert L. Coble, '55, Metallurgy.Alfred R. Cooper, Jr., '60, Metal-

lurgy.Paul H. Cootner, '53, Industrial

Management.James E. Darnell, Biology.John Dugundji, '48, Aeronautics.Franklin M. Fisher, Economics.

• Lee Grodzins, Physics.

Edward Herbert, Biology.Kenneth M. Hoffman, Mathematics.Norman N. Holland, '47, Humani-

ties.Ronald A. Howard, '55, Electrical

Engineering.William D. Jackson, Electrical Engi-

neering.Theodore R. Madden, '49, Geology.Winston R. Markey, '51, Aeronau-

tics.Ronald Melzack, Economics.Perry A. Miles, Electrical Engineer-

ing.George S. Reichenbach,'52, Me-

chanical Engineering.Phillips W. Robbins, Biochemistry.Gian-Carlo Rota, Mathematics.Dietmar Seyferth, Chemistry.Stephen M. Simpson, Jr.,'53, Geolo-

gy.David A. Thomas, '58, Metallurgy.Attaining the rank of assistant pro-

fessor are Ward D. Getty in ElectricalEngineering, Gonzalo S. Leon andDaniel H. Marcus, '56, in MechanicalEngineering, and J. Daniel Nyhart inIndustrial Management.

Ten of the new full professors areshown here; eight more on page 8.

eContinued on page8)

Dayton E. CarrittGeology

Alfred D. Chandler, Jr.H tunanities

Philip L. de Bruyn, '52Metallurgy

Stanley Backer, '41Mechanical Engineering

Sanborn C. Brown, '44Physics

David J. Epstein, '49Electrical Engineering

Frederick D. Greene, 2dChemistry

Hermann A. Haus, '54Electrical Engineering

Daniel M. HollandIndustrial Management

6

David A. Hoffman, '53Electrical Engineering

THE TECHNOLOGY REVIEW

12 Mev 2-stage Tandem (Model EN) 1957

1961 17.5 Mev 3-stage Tandem (Model EN)with 5 Mev negative ion injector

triFi1-. -JrfJdFii--if!r-an evolution

196221.5Mev 3-stage Tandem (Model FN)

in particle

accelerator

systems

THE TANDEM

The business of making particle accelerators ischaracterized principally by change and adapta-tion. While data being taken from our originalTandem - built way back in 1957 - is earning arespected place in current scientific literature, weare engaged in a determined effort to design' ma-chines of even greater energy and precision, highercurrent and more versatility. (Our customers re-gard anything that works as a point of departure.)

The logical result of this activity has been a"second generation" of tandems now in order forseveral laboratories. Having accepted the elegantcharge-exchange principle upon which Tandemsdepend for multiple acceleration stages, three-stage machines were inevitable and they, too,are in the works.

196? 20 Mev 2-stage Tandem (Model MP)

Van de Graall®

The sound development of accelerator systems,we believe, depends heavily on ideas flowing to usfrom the user. Our eagerness to listen, plus awillingness to invest a dime of every dollar inresearch, is a guarantee that every High VoltageEngineering accelerator will make an immediateand lasting contribution to the experimental pro-gram for which it is designed.

THE RESEARCH TANDEM -A company-sponsored research anddevelopment facility devoted to in-creasing the energy. beam inten-sity, precision and reliability of par-ticle accelerators.

HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERINGBURLINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS, U.S.A.

APPLIED RADIATION CORPORATION

HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING (EUROPA) N.V.

JULY, 1962 7

Individuals oteworthy(Continued from page 6)

Institute ProfessorARTHURR. VON RIPPEL, founderand director since 1940 of the M.l.T.Laboratory for In ulation Re earch,this spring was appointed an Inti!tute Professor.

Born in Germany in 1898, Pro-fessor von Hippel received his doc-torate at the University ofGottingen,worked for three years at the Uni-versity of Jena, and came to theUnited States as a Rockefeller Fel-low in Physics at the University ofCalifornia. He then served threeyears as privat-docent at Gottingen,a year as professor at the Universityof Istanbul, and went to the Univer-sity of Copenhagen where he workedwith Professor Niels Bohr.

At M.I.T. since 1936, he has be-come increasingly noted for his re-search in dielectrics and molecularscience and engineering, and his con-

The men shown below areamong those promoted to therank of professor this spring.

W. David Kingery, '48Metallurgy

Arthur R. von Hippel

tributions to materials science. Hehas edited Dielectrics and Waves,Dielectric Materials and Applica-tions, and Molecular Science andMolecular Engineering.

He was a member at large of theOffice of Scientific Research and De-velopment during World WarII, andhas been professor of electrophysicssince 1947.

Faculty RetirementsMEMBERSof the M.LT. Faculty re-tiring on June 30 this year wereJohn Chipman, Professor of Metal-lurgy and Head of the Department;James !-JOII, '19, Professor of Me-chanical Engineering;Nicholas A.Milas, A sociate Professor of Organ-ic Chemistry; Frederick H. Norton,'18, Professor of Ceramics;CarL L.Svenson, '19, Professor of Mechani-cal Engineering; and Carlton E.Tucker, '18, Professor of ElectricalEngineering.

Assistant DeanWILLIAMW. SEIFERT,'47,AssociateProfessor of Electrical Engineering,was appointed assistant dean of theSchool of Engineering at M.LT. thisspring. In addition to continuing histeaching, he will now assist the Fac-ulty on matters related to the en-hancement of engineering education.

Professor Seifert has been associ-ated with M.LT. since 1944, andplayed a major part in developingadvanced analog computing facilitiesin the Dynamic Analysis and Con-trol Laboratory.

(Continued on page 10)

Edwin KuhIndustrial Management

Edward N. Lorenz '43Meteorology

E. L. Molle-Chrlstensen, '48Aeronautics

Alexander SmakulaElectrical Engineering

8

Leon TrillingAeronautics

John Stewart WaughChemistry

Robert C.WoodEconomics

THE TECHNOLOGY REVIEW