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Technology Trends In Geoinformation
Dato’ Prof. Sr Dr. Abdul Kadir Bin TaibDepartment of Survey and Mapping Malaysia (JUPEM)
Email: [email protected]
NGIS 20083rd. National GIS Conference & Exhibition
21-22 July 2008 Putra World Trade Centre, Kuala Lumpur
IntroductionIT Services And GeoinformationData Collection For GISTrend in GISSpatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)Geoinformation: Changing EmphasesTechnological TrendsConcluding Remarks
Content of Presentation
INTRODUCTION
Introduction
What is Geoinformation?
Geoinformation consists of digital data in form of maps (point - line - area data), images (aerial photos, satellite images), elevations (digital elevation models) and associated attributes (alphanumeric data related to points, lines, areas, objects).
Geoinformation is key for planning and management of cities, land use, planning and management of utilities and resources, multipurpose cadastre, e-government, e-municipality, e-commerce and all other spatially related information => Spatially Enabled Government
Introduction
Factors for the success of geoinformation mission
Geoinformation is developed by using the disciplines of geomatic engineering namely; geodesy / GPS / CORS, surveying and mapping, remote sensing / satellite mapping, photogrammetry / orthophoto, cartography and Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
The efficient use of geoinformation is possible by means of proper hardware and software: computers, servers, internet,databases and GIS software, etc.
It is required to have skilled and competent manpower and organization.
IT SERVICES AND GEOINFORMATION
IT Services And Geoinformation
It is a fact that 20% of the employment throughout the worldis on information technology services and 80% of those arespatially related i.e. geographic.
DATA COLLECTION FOR GIS
GIS DATA
GEOSPATIALDATABASE
APPLICATIONS ANALYSIS
ASPATIAL DATA
THEMATIC DATA
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
FIELD SURVEY
REMOTE SENSING
MAPS
Data Collection For GISDATA ACQUISITIONS
DIGITIZING& SCANNING
TREND IN GIS
Trend in GIS
Service Oriented-----Enterprise GIS
Desktop (Stand-alone)
(Client/ Server)Desktop
Web GIS
GIS Service
Web Server +Web Browser----Popularization
Database Server+ GIS ClientsSharing of data
SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE (SDI)
Data Transfer Standard
Spatial Data Clearinghouse
National Spatial Data Infrastructure
Establish a neutral file format for data exchange purposes, so that every GIS would only need one translator to and from this common format.
From the establishment of standard, many national mapping agencies started to create spatial data clearinghouse an Internet base application to facilitate access to spatial data.
SOA-Based NSDI
NSDI comprises technologies, policies, standards, procedures and people to promote geodata sharing through all level of users.
Global & national initiative1st generation of SDIAs a mechanism for data discoveryData oriented (sharing data)
An infrastructure for services offered to answer certain requests rather than a network to purely find, view and exchange geodata
2nd generation of SDIService oriented Sharing functionalities and geocontentsDetail & specialize data
From Data Transfer Standard to Spatial DataClearinghouse to SOA-Based NSDI
Integrated GIS…Management and maintain
spatial data in Local Government
Survey, plan, design
Local Government
Consulting Company
Work Office
Create map
Residential MapUrban Planning MapRoad Administration Ma
Applications Using SDI
GI Web Service Providers
Geodatabase
Geodatabase
Metadata Database
Image database
web service – map
Geospatial DataRoad NetworksDemographic DataCensus DataConsumer DataBuilding FootprintLand ParcelsImagery & Aerial& etc…
Search/View/Download& Use
Application
Web BrowserWeb BrowserWeb Browser
Data Driven SDI
GI Web Service Providers
Geodatabase
Geodatabase
Image database
web service – map & functional
Detail & specialize dataGeospatial DataRoad NetworksDemographic DataCensus DataConsumer DataBuilding FootprintLand ParcelsImagery & Aerial& etc…
Integration Platform
Mobile Apps 2D/3D GIS AppsBusiness Apps
Web Services Standard Interface(SOAP,XML,WMS…)
SOA-Based NSDI
Client Applications
Connect & Use
Service Driven SDI
IntegrationFlatform
MALAYSIAN SDI
JUPEM Geoportalwww.jupem.gov.my
Malaysian Geoportalwww.mygeoportal.gov.my
JUPEM Geoportal
• To establish a centralized backup and recoveryfacility for JUPEM’s Geospatial Data
• To establish a Geospatial Data Warehouse containing JUPEM’s framework datasets that serves as the building block for GIS implementations
• To disseminate all products within the warehouse through JUPEM’s portal and web services
System Overview
Users
VPN
Internet
PrimaryData Center
Secondary Data Center
JUPEMHQ
One Stop Center
Mapping Division
JUPEM STATE(Cadastral Division)
Backup Recover Disseminate
JUPEM GeoPortal
Data Provider & GeoSpatial Data Warehouse
VPN
JUPEM STATE(Cadastral Division)
Staging Database
GeoSpatial Data Warehouse
Image FileRepository
SPID ImagesOrthophotos
Scanned ImagesDigital Terrain Data
Parcel Data SPID DataTopographic Spatial DataCartographic Spatial Data (1:500K)Geodetic Data
Mapping Division
Parcels DataSPID DataSPID Images
Cartographic SectionGeodetic SectionDatabase Section
Raster & Security Mapping
Topographic Spatial DataCartographic Spatial Data (1:500K)Geodetic DataScanned MapsOrthophotosDigital Terrain Data (DTM)Aerial Photos Flight Line
JUPEM GeoPortal
Data Dissemination
GeoSpatial Data Warehouse
Image FileRepository
On-Line Users
Internet
One Stop Center(JUPEM HQ)
JUPEM State Front Counter
VPN
JUPEM GeoPortal
Aeronautical
Built Environment
Demarcation
Geology
Hydrography
Hypsography
Soil
Transportation
Utility
Vegetation
Special Use
General
FRAMEWORK
DATASET
SDI Dataset For Malaysian Geoportal
MALAYSIAN GEOPORTAL
MALAYSIAN GEOPORTAL
Map Service : KL Landuse
MALAYSIAN GEOPORTAL
Map Service : Kuala Lumpur
GEOINFORMATION:CHANGING EMPHASES
GEOINFORMATIONChanging Emphases: From Data to Analysis
75%Data Conversion
10-15%Attribute Tagging
5% Spatial Analysis
Data Conversion
Spatial Analysis
Attribute Tagging
Past Present/Future
GEOINFORMATIONFrom Description to Simulation & Modeling
Past
Picture worth athousand words:
• maps & diagrams of how is, or how was
• Web portals serve staticdata sets
Present/Future
Visual simulation &virtual reality:
• real time display of how is, and how might be
- forest fire- traffic flow
• Web portals serve continuous sensor-derived data
Iconic models: scaled down representations of the real thing
Symbolic models: based on logical relationships in mathematical or statistical form
GEOINFORMATIONfrom 2-D description to 4-D interaction
Past2-D flat map displays
User as observer
Present and FutureEffective 3-D visualization
Via the merger of CAD and GIS?What is the data model?
4-D incorporation of time: “The time has come for time.”Via agent-based modeling / cellular automata? Or how?
Cells (e.g. land parcels or people) interacting over time according to established rules
5, 6 and 7-D incorporation of touch (pressure, texture, temperature), sound and smell into modeling/simulation environmentUser as participant
researchers, professionals, the public interact with the modelthe public as the planner (participatory GIS)
TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS
Technological Trends Underlying the Transition
Location via GPSmillimeter accuracy available in every cellphone
super high capacity mass storage
pettabyte and more systemshigh resolution (<1m) satellite remote sensing
17 terrabytes/day beaming down$1.4 billion investment to 2000AD
the communication revolutionsuper high capacity networks (Internet X), even to the home wireless (cellular) communication with anything that moves anywhere on earth
Interoperability: easier sharing of data between users, and among vendor products
MetadataSpatial Data Transfer StandardsOpenGIS
commercially enhanced datapublic data made dramatically more usable/useful
spatial data tools in commercial DBMS* and software development environments
ESRI SDE (spatial database engine)ESRI Map Objects & ArcObjects
3-tier computing, separating:user interface (client workstation)analysis (applications server)data (multiple distributed data servers)
Mobile Technologies
Trends in Geoinformation
Location Based Services (LBS)
LBS As Interaction Of Technologies
The Basic Components of an LBS
LBS Components and Information Flow
Disruptive Geoinformation Technologies ?
WirelessNetworks
MicrosoftVirtual Earth
EmbeddedChips
Mobile Devices
RFIDGPS
BusinessIntelligence
Google Earth
Open Source
UBGI(Ubiquitous Geographic Information System)
Ubiquitous Sensor NetworkUBGI MiddlewareUBGI Applications
CONCLUDING REMARKS
As we make the transition into the next decade, we will continue to see the tremendous advances in hardware and software technologies, which will affect the geoinformation activities
Not to forget the disruptive technologies of geoinformation services
New technology and standards – very important !- Web Mapping- Location Based Services & Mobile GIS- Virtual and Augmented Realities
Concluding Remarks
