TECTONICS AND PETROLEUM BASINS, INDONESIA

UPSTREAM TECHNOLOGY CENTER

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3BASIN CLASSIFICATION BASED ON PLATE TECTONICS

Classification of Bally dan Nelson (1980)

Classification of Kingston (1983) This classification takes superimposition of one basin on top of the other separated by unconformities

1. INTRA-CRATONIC/CONTINENTAL BASINSConvergenceDivergenceTransvergence

2. CONTINENTAL MARGIN BASINSActive continental margins (convergence/transvergence)Passive continental margins (divergence)

3. OCEANIC BASINS

4INTRA-CRATONIC/CONTINENTAL BASINS

1. Divergence

Rifting ----> grabens, half graben basins ---->synrift sedimentation

Break-up -----> aulacogene basins -------> deltaic sedimentation

2. Convergence

Collision (Suture related)

Foreland Basin

Hinterland Basin

3. Transvergence

Strike-slip (rift) basin

5CONTINENTAL MARGIN BASINS

Passive Margin (pinggiran passive)

Atlantic Type

Aulacogene type (Deltas)

Active Margin (Pinggiran Aktif)

Subduction/obduction

1.Back-arc Basin

2.Inter-arc Basin

3.Fore-arc Basin

Transcurrent Margin

1.Pull apart basins, (strike-slip basins

6BASIN EVOLUTION

Sedimentary basins evolved from one to another type

Superimposition of various type of basin on top of the other occurs

Sedimentary sequences of various types of basin can be analysied in tectono-stratigraphical sequences:

7EVOLUTION OF BASINS:

RIFT TO FORELAND BASINRIFT-DRIFT-COLLIDE

8EVOLUTION OF BASINS

RIFT BACK ARC BASIN

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9THE CONCEPT OF COMPOSITE OR POLY-BASINS

DUE TO THE TECTONIC DEVELOPMENT A SEDIMENTARY BASIN CAN BE COMPOSED OF DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS

DIFFERENT TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS CAN BE PARTIALLY OR ENTIRELY SUPERIMPOSED ON EACH OTHER.For examples: A half graben at the base is overlain by a back-arc basin A rift basin is overlain by a passive margin basin, which in turn is overlain

by a carbonate platform, and the whole affair is compressed into a foreland basin on top.

A BASIN WHICH FROM BASEMENT TO PRESENT-DAY DEPOSITIONAL INTERFACE CONSISTS OF SEVERAL TYPES OF BASIN SUPERIMPOSED OVER EACH OTHER IS CALLED A COMPOSITE BASIN OR POLY-BASIN (Kingston, et al, 1981)

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SUMMARY OF INDONESIAN REGION TECTONICS

YOUNG AND COMPLEX TECTONIC HISTORY

DIVIDED INTO TWO : WESTERN AND EASTERN TECTONIC PROVINCES

WESTERN DOMAIN (SUNDALAND)ASIAN AFFINITYCONVERGENT MARGIN SINCE MEZOSOIC (OIL PRONE BASINS

EASTERN DOMAIN AUSTRALIAN AFFINITY PASSIVE MARGIN UNTIL LATE MIOCENE, THEN COLLISION INVOLVING NUMEROUS MICROTECTONICS GAS PRONE BASINS

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TECTONIC SETTING OF INDONESIAN REGION

ACTIVE TECTONICS REGION

INTERACTION OF THREE MAJOR PLATES

COMPLEX TECTONIC HISTORY

DIVIDED INTO WESTERN AND EASTERN INDONESIA

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TECTONICS MODEL OF WESTERN INDONESIAN REGIONS

HAMILTON (1979) Non Rotational Model

TAPPONIER (1986) - Indentation Tectonics

DALY et al. (1991) Clockwise Rotation Model

HALL (1996) Counter Clockwise Rotation Model

PARKINSON et al. (1998) Micro-continent

WAKITA et al., (1999) Micro-continent

SAPIIE et al., (2003) East Java Micro-continent

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India- Asia CollisionBased on Extrusion Model

Tapponier (1986)

Development and Distribution

of Western Indonesia

Paleogene Basins

Andaman Sea Opening

Sumatra Fault Zone

(SFZ) Dextral System

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TAPPONIER (1986) - Indentation Tectonics

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TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF WESTERN INDONESIA

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DALY et al. (1991) Clockwise Rotation Model

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CENOZOIC TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF SE ASIA

15HALL (1996) Counter Clockwise Rotation Model

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TERTIARY BASIN AGES

Hall (2005)

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TECTONIC PROVINCES AND STRUCTURAL TRENDS-EASTERN INDONESIA

OIL/GAS FIELD17

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TECTONIC PROVINCES AND STRUCTURAL TRENDS-EASTERN INDONESIA

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BASIN REQUIREMENT FOR HYDROCARBON GENERATION AND ACCUMULATION

1. Presence of source rock, depending on the basin configuration and type of basin.

2. Maturation which depends on heat-flow/ thermal history, age of the sediments

3. Presence of reservoir rock and trapping conditions.

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SEDIMENTARY THICKNESS

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HEAT FLOW MAP OF INDONESIAN REGION

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